VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Jnana Sangama, Belgavi-590018

A PROJECT REPORT
On

“FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM”

A Dissertation Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Submitted by

MOHAMMED YASEEN (1RG17CS033)

Under The Guidance

of
Mrs. SONIYA KOMAL
Asst. Professor, Dept. of CSE,
RGIT,Bengaluru-32

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Cholanagar, R.T.Nagar Post, Bengaluru-560032
2021-2022
21

RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University)
Cholanagar, R.T.Nagar Post, Bengaluru-560032

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CERTIFICATE
Phase-II
This is to certify that the Project Report titled “FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM” is a bonafide work carried out by MR. MOHAMMED
YASEEN (USN 1RG17CS033), SYED WASHIM HYDER(1RG16CS102),
MOHAMMED SHIBILE(1RG17CS034),ABHINAND K P(1RG17CS003) in partial
fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and
Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, during the year
2021-2022. It iscertified that all corrections/suggestions given for Internal Assessment have
been incorporated in the report. This project report has been approved as it satisfies the
academic requirements in respect of project work prescribed for the said degree.

Signature of Guide Signature of HOD Signature of Principal

Mrs. Soniya Komal DR. Arudra A Dr. D G Anand
Asst. Professor Head of Department Principal
Dept. of CSE, Dept. of CSE, RGIT, Bengaluru
RGIT, Bengaluru RGIT, Bengaluru

External Viva
Name of the Examiners Signature with date
1.

2.
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Jnana Sangama, Belgavi-590018

RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the project work entitled “FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM” submitted to the Visvesvaraya Technological University,
Belagavi during the academic year 2021- 2022, is record of an original work done by us under
the guidance of Mrs. Soniya Komal, Asst. Professor, Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, RGIT, Bengaluru in the partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of the
degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science & Engineering. The results embodied
in this project have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for award of any degree
or diploma.

MOHAMMED YASEEN (1RG17CS033)

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We take this opportunity to thank our college Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology,
Bengaluru for providing us with an opportunity to carry out this project work.

We express our gratitude to Dr. D G Anand, Principal, RGIT, Bengaluru for providing the
resources and support without which the completion of this project would have been a difficult task.

We extend our sincere thanks to Mrs. Arudra A, Associate Professor and Head, Department
of Computer Science and Engineering, RGIT, Bengaluru, for being a pillar of support and
encouraging us in the face of all adversities.

We would like to acknowledge the thorough guidance and support extended towards us by
Mrs. Geetha Pawar, Assistant Professor, Dept. of CSE, RGIT, Bengaluru, Dr. Anthony Raj,
Assistant Professor, Dept. of CSE, RGIT, Bengaluru. Their incessant encouragement and valuable
technical support have been of immense help. Their guidance gave us the environment to enhance
our knowledge and skills and to reach the pinnacle with sheer determination, dedication and hard
work.

We also want to extend our thanks to the entire faculty and support staff of the Department
of Computer Science and Engineering, RGIT, Bengaluru, who have encouraged us throughout the
course of the Bachelor’s Degree. We want to thank our family for always being there with full
support and for providing us with a safe haven to conduct and complete our project. We are ever
grateful to them for helping us in these stressful times.

Lastly, we want to acknowledge all the helpful insights given to us by all our friends during
the course of this project.

MOHAMMED YASEEN(1RG17CS033)
 ABSTRACT

Cloud computing is an on-demand service that provides storage, network, power to do intensive
computing, it also provides intensive sharing of resources, even though the users use all these advantages,
they have to also deal with the privacy-related issues to the data stored in the cloud, where the data may
get leaked or may be accessed by the service provider. The current health care systems implemented on
the cloud poses threat to the privacy of the data of the patients since data breaches cost millions to billions
of dollars to the health care institutions every year this problem can be taken care with the fog based
health care system, where the fog technology offers more additional advantages like low latency,
resource management, less power consumption, etc.

II
 Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................... I
ABSTRACT ...........................................................................................................................II
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... III
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ VI
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................. V

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................1
1.1 Problem Statement ............................................................................................................. 2
1.2 Objectives of the project .................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Project deliverables ............................................................................................................ 3
1.4 Current scope ...................................................................................................................... 3
1.5 Future scope ........................................................................................................................3
_TOC_250038

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY ...................................................................................................... 4

CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION ................................................................ 9
3.1 Hardware Requirements..................................................................................................... 9
3.2 Software Requirements ...................................................................................................... 9
3.3 Functional Requirements ................................................................................................. 10
3.4 Non Functional Requirements ......................................................................................... 10

CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE ................................................................... 11
4.1 System Architecture ......................................................................................................... 11
4.2 Use case Diagram ............................................................................................................ 13
4.3......................................................................................................... Data
flow Diagram Level .......................................................................................................... 15
4.4......................................................................................................... E R
diagram.............................................................................................................................. 16

4.5........................................................................................................ Activ
ity Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 17
 Table of Contents
4.6........................................................................................................ Sequ
ence Diagram ................................................................................................................... 19

4.7 Class Diagram.....................................I..I.I ...................................................................... 21

CHAPTER 5
IMPLEMENTATION .........................................................................................................22
5.1 Tools instruction ..............................................................................................................22
5.2 Technology instruction ................................................................................................... 23
5.3 Overall view .................................................................................................................... 24
5.4 Algorithm and implementation ....................................................................................... 25
5.5 Modules........................................................................................................................... 27
5.6 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................28

CHAPTER 6
OUTPUT SNAPSHOTS ......................................................................................................29
6.1 Results snapshots .............................................................................................................29
6.2 Comparision table ............................................................................................................35
6.3 Contribution to the existing system .................................................................................41

CHAPTER 7
TESTING AND RESULTS .................................................................................................43
7.1 Testing..............................................................................................................................43
7.2 Test Cases ........................................................................................................................45

CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION.....................................................................................................................47

REFERENCES .....................................................................................................................49
BASE PAPER .......................................................................................................................55
 FIGURES

Figure 2.1 Interaction of different software components withinFogBus [1] 5

Figure 2.2 The proposed architecture diagram presented by HealthFog [2] 5

Figure 2.3 Fog computing technical architecture [3] 6

Figure 2.4 Fog computing in healthcare[4] 6

Figure 2.5 System architecture of [5] 7

Figure 2.6 A network coding protocol for wireless sensor fog 7

computing[6]
Figure 2.7 Architecture of Systems[7] 8

Figure 2.8 Distributed Data Processing in a Fog Environment [8] 8

Figure 4.1 Architecture design 12

Figure 4.2 Design of visual interface 13

Figure 4.3 Design of graphical user interface 14

Figure 4.4 Class diagram 15

Figure 4.5 E R diagram 16

Figure 4.6 Sequence diagram 17

Figure 4.7 Sequence diagram 18

Figure 4.8 Data flow diagram 19

Figure 4.9 Data flow diagram 20

Figure 5.1 General Flow of Algorithms on Dataset 26

Figure 5.2 Flow Chart of Naive Bayes Algorithm 27

Figure 6.1 Result snapshot 30

Figure 6.2 36
Comparision Table
Figure 6.3 36
Comaprision table
46
Figure 7.1 Testing process
v
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Today cloud computing is an agog liable to investigate. Cloud computing is an on request

administration given to the client. Uploading the information on the cloud is safe, as the
clienttaking this advantage totally depends on the specialist co-op and is not concerned
about how and where the information is being put away. Fog processing is currently
turning into a spine to cloud computing. In fog computing, registering a few fringe
gadgets are associated with thecloud. The nature of administration is expanded when we
use fog to help the cloud administration. The few advantages incorporate transfer speed
utilization, inactivity decrease etc. Maintaining the protection of the patient information
in a medical care area has collected a ton of consideration and preparing that specific
information should likewise be focused on since there is voluminous information
accessible today giving it over the cloud turns into a dreary undertaking. An answer for
that is fusing the fog layer in our organization. Cloud layerraises high inertness which is
settled by the fog layer which offers low inactivity correspondence. The principle
destinations of this framework are to improve effectiveness anddiminish the high volume
of information which must be moved to the cloud for handling, breaking down and
capacity and accomplishing the security of information utilizing Fog climate as preparing
information is nearby and kept hidden. The fog computing process is a functioning
examination region with genuine execution. It is likewise basic to make upgrades to the
current instruments. For building iot-empowered frameworks to both fog and cloud
foundation, this structure must be lightweight and must tackle both edge and distant assets
which have iot application arrangement, checking and the executives.
Nowadays in healthcare applications, the wireless sensor network plays a vital role. The
data is fed to the network through sensors. Sensor data is huge and doesn’t require any
form of wired network. This huge amount of data may comprise of several redundant as
well as bogus data. The data which is useful must alone be taken to carry out further
procedures like analysis, aggregation, prediction etc. The data which is free from
redundancy is used to train the modelin the fog layer. Using just clouds may lead to the
process not being efficient due to the factor of delay which might be added.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

A solution to this is to provide fog architecture, as the data remains local, the computation
is much faster. In this paper, our main aim is to improvise the existing work on the
healthcare systems. We have discussed the various algorithms that can be used to get the
result. The algorithm selected for this work is decided by comparing the various algorithms
on factors like accuracy, precision, energy consumption etc. Then that particular
algorithm is used to predict the patients’ heart disease by studying factors like blood
pressure,cholesterol etc. (discussed in section IV). The result is then forwarded further to
patients’ android devices. We have considered the master- slave architecture to build the
fog system.

1.1 Problem Statement

Maintaining the privacy of the patient data in a health care sector has garnered a lot of
attention and processing that particular data must also be prioritized since there is
voluminous data available today handing it over the cloud becomes a tedious task. A
solution to that is incorporating the fog layer in our network. Cloud layer brings up high
latency which is resolvedby the fog layer which offers low latency communication.

1.2 Objectives Of The Project

1. By using a fog framework, the prime goal is to improve efficiency over the cloud and
reducethe large volume of the dataset which should be transported to the cloud for the
purpose of processing, analyzing and storage.
2. To create a fog computing framework to offer low latency communication as most of
the nodes are closer to the clients.
3. To achieve the security of data using a Fog environment, training data is local and kept
private.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

1.3 Project Deliverables

1. Health care data is collected from smart devices integrated with the synthetic data.
2. The data collected is further uploaded to the nodes present of the fog layer.
3. In fog layer data is preprocessed, cleaned and normalized.
4. After gaining data insights, data is further classified by applying machine learning algorithms.
5. Classified data is secured as the data is local data.

1.4 Current Scope

To collect data from several iot devices, save the data on the server. Then collect patient data,
compare those parameters with the saved data and predict the output telling if the user is
suffering from any heart disease or not by looking up several conditions. The data processing
is done over the fog layer so that the burden on the cloud layer is reduced.

1.5 Future Scope

When saving the data, it incorporates a block chain so that the security is maintained and access
to the data is done only to authorized persons

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CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 Introduction
The fog infrastructure has a set of devices with no computational abilities. As we were
going via the use of test cases, we saw that in fog computing despite the potential, there
has been onlya little implementation in the healthcare domain. Data management has a
significant role in fogcomputing, this can be used by sensual statistics and is used to
remove evocative data for operator response. It is also used for data filtration, data
compression etc.

2.2 Related Works

For any latency-sensitive applications like smart healthcare and smart city, the high-
latency interaction between IoT, sensor devices and the Cloud datacenters is very high
and hence unacceptable and it degrades the quality of service. In addition, IoT devices
can produce a vastamount of data in just a fraction of a second. When these huge number
of IoT devices concurrently initiates transferring of the information to Cloud servers
through the Internet, critical network congestion will occur. To erase these obstacles of
the Cloud based IoT model,Fog computing architecture emerged as shown in Fig 2.1 [1].
A computing architecture involving Fog-based Smart Healthcare System for the
prediction of disease which uses deep learning algorithms and input from IoT devices
known as HealthFog was proposed to provide effective service to heart patients and
others, who are in need of real-time output, with less delay in response, minimum energy
and power consumption and better accuracy. HealthFog provides this service as a fog
computing service and also effectively handles the information of patients and it gets
generated from several IoT devices as shown in Fig. 2.2 [2].

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 FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 2.1 Interaction of different software components within FogBus [1].

Fig. 2.2 The proposed architecture diagram presented by Health Fog [2].

The fog computing paradigm contains a bunch of devices having zero computational
abilities such as sensors and collection of resources, which offer calculated power,
storage capacity and more, which are fog architecture nodes and cloud architecture servers
which are interconnected to form a system. We can find huge differences among the
behaviours of all these devices. These might concern, among other characteristics, like the
CPU generated power,hard disk capability, network bandwidth, computation latency, and
RAM size as shown in Fig.2.3 [3].
The Internet of things that depends on skills gives a large number of facilities and
inventions within the healthcare domain but the maximum of these facilities and
inventions are still under development. The concept of IoT, fog computing and
combination of both in the healthcare domain is presented in this research work as shown
in Fig. 2.4 [4].

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 FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 2.3 Fog computing technical architecture [3]

Fig. 2.4 Fog computing in health care[4].

Computing architecture involving the Fog paradigm is nothing but an elaboration of the
existing classic computing architecture involvingCloud network. This is designed in
order to support IoT applications characterized by limitations of security and latency.
Even though computing, storage and networking are both Cloud computing and Fog
computing features, thefog has specific features, low latency, geographic distribution, and
a huge number of computing architecture nodes compared to the centralized Cloud
computing, thus fog supports mobility and real-time interaction as shown in Fig. 2.5 [5].
In the work network coding convention for wireless fog computing, they have received a
novel transport layer information dispersal protocol known as Dissemination of Small
Values (DSV)of the architecture to apply the ideas of networks involving coding. DSV
is another correspondence convention produced for the TinyOS working framework.

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 FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 2.5 System architecture of [5]

Fig. 2.6 A network coding protocol for wireless sensor fog computing[6].

For any Internet of things framework which comprises computing involving a fog
architecture layer, the proposed engineering should be either application particular or
application specific. This design can be comprehensively arranged into fundamental
layers, things involving layers,fog architecture layers and a cloud architecture layer. The
things layer is a point where IoT gadgets are available and an assortment of information
occurs. The Fog layer comprises a few decentralized hubs present in every area. This layer
plays out the undertaking of dealing with the organizations and the information obtained.
The essential handling of information is done here. IoT based applications are improved
by controlling the information transmission to the computing architecture involving the
cloud layer, consequently decreasing the solicitation reaction delay taken for an IoT
application as shown in Fig. 2.7 [7].

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 FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

IfogSim, a simulation tool for fog computing, enables the modeling and simulation
of Fog computing to evaluate resource management across edge resources under
different scenarios. CloudSim is the layer responsible for taking care of operations
between Fog architecture components in the iFogSim simulator. The implementation of
iFogSim is made of simulated entities and services as shown in Fig. 2.8 [8].

Fig. 2.7 Architecture of Systems [7].

Fig. 2.8 Distributed Data Processing in a Fog Computing Environment[8].

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

CHAPTER 3

SYSTEM REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

It is a structured assortment of data that represents the necessities of a system. It includes

in-depth descriptions of the software that will be developed It is the collection of
information on the requirements for a system.

3.1 External Interface Requirements

3.1.1 User Interfaces

● The first step is to gather vast amounts of data from smart devices.
● The data is received at the fog computing nodes, further preprocessed for
trainingpurposes and supplied to teach the model, and tested using the test data.
● The user can enter his current status of symptoms on the web application
● Entered status of the patients is then computed with existing data and output
is sentthrough the user interface.

3.1.2 Hardware Interfaces

Laptop / PC , Android device.

3.1.3 Software Interfaces

Software Description

Windows 10 or any upgraded version of

Operating System for Project
windows 10 can be used

Front-end ASP.NET
Back-end JAVA
API development Flask REST

Table 5.1 Software Supported interfaces

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

3.1.4 Communication Interfaces

Web application and Android application

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CHAPTER 4

SYSTEM DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE

4.1 SYSTEM ARCHIRECTURE

● Thinking about the abnormalities in the current framework, computerization of

theentire action is being proposed after starting investigation.
● It may have happened so often that you or somebody of yours needs
specialists'assistance, and they couldn’t be reached as a result of different barriers..
● The framework is accomplished as a web application which reviews the
patient dataand gives suggestions.
● The executed application exhibits instant results on the patient's coronary
illnessthrough a wise framework.
● The application is trained on multiple heart illnesses and can be updated
with newdiseases in the meantime this makes the system more feasible to make more
changes.
● The executed framework enables the clients to know about their heart issues.
● The client has to enter his measures to get precise results
● Model is taught using data mining and machine learning techniques
● The output shows up with the disease, its symptoms and measures.
● The framework then sends a notification about the timestamp and predicted
result andthen the framework can be utilized in the event of a crisis.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 4.1 Architecture Design

Like the cloud layer, the fog layer is also an environment having local systems as master
and slave nodes, as shown in Fig. 4.1. Here we are creating the Fog computing
architecture environment using a local system(our laptop where we are computing or
achieving analysis ofdata) and an android app(our mobile where the user will get the data
computing result). As ourproject architecture says we have users at one end i.e patients
and the doctor will collect the data for example. age, gender, blood sugar, blood pressure,
ecg, cholesterol level etc. and at the doctor end he will feed the data through web
application which acts a gateway and the local system which is master node (includes
data manager, data storage, resource manager, machine learning model, cloud integrator)
will take the data fed by doctor or analyzer at web application end and preprocess it and
classify based on naive bayes algorithm and predicts the disease and forward the result
from cloud integrator(azure) is delivered as notification of name, disease name and date
of prediction to user's android application which is slave node. Here we are using local
data which is kept private and it is only accessed by the admin(doctor). One important
thing to note is that data is local, there is less delay in delivering the result so Fog is
better than cloud.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

4.2 Graphical User Interface

Fig. 4.2 Design of Visual interface.

A graphical user interface (GUI) is the way that users interface with the Windows and
Macintosh operating systems. This is also referred to as a point-and-click interface. Users
can use a mouse to click on an object and drag it into position. Our project graphical user
interfacediagrams are shown in Fig. 4.2 and Fig. 4.3.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 4.3 Design of graphical User Interface

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

4.3 Class Diagram and Classes

A class diagram is used to visualize, describe, document various different aspects of the system,
and also construct executable software code. It shows the attributes, classes, functions, and
relationships to give an overview of the software system. It constitutes class names, attributes,
and functions in a separate compartment that helps in software development. The diagram
alongside represents the class diagram of the proposed system. Our project class diagram is
shown in Fig. 4.4

Fig. 4.4 Class Diagram

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

4.4 E-R Diagram

An Entity Relationship (ER) Diagram is a type of flowchart that illustrates how “entities” such
as people, objects or concepts relate to each other within a system. ER Diagrams are most often
used to design or debug relational databases in the fields of software engineering, business
information systems, education and research. Our project E-R diagram is shown in Fig. 4.5.

Fig. 4.5 ER-Diagram

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

4.5 Sequence Diagram

Fig. 4.6 Sequence Diagram

Sequence Diagrams are interaction diagrams that detail how operations are carried out. They
capture the interaction between objects in the context of a collaboration. Sequence Diagrams
are time focused and they show the order of the interaction visually by using the vertical axis

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

of the diagram to represent what messages are sent and when. Our project sequence
diagramsare shown in Fig. 4.6 and Fig. 4.7.

Fig. 4.7 Sequence Diagram

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

4.6 Data Flow Diagram

Fig. 4.8 Data Flow Diagram

A data flow diagram shows the way information flows through a process or system. It
includesdata inputs and outputs, data stores, and the various sub processes the data moves
through. DFDs are built using standardized symbols and notation to describe various
entities and their relationships. The objective of a DFD is to show the scope and
boundaries of a system as a whole. The diagram alongside represents the data flow

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

diagram of the proposed system. Ourproject data flow diagrams at user and admin side
are shown in Fig. 4.8 and Fig. 4.9.

Fig. 4.9 Data Flow Diagram

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

4.7 Conclusion

In the conducted experiment,the main spotlight is on the domain of healthcare for patients
suffering from heart problems by suggesting a novel Fog based Smart Healthcare System
created with a fog environment with one master and many slave architectures for
spontaneous detection of the heart using machine learning. Here we use decision trees and
Naive Bayes techniques for prediction. Fog environment is very flexible and it can be
used to provide healthcare as a service and coherently manage the input of the sufferer
which is imminent from different IoT devices. Here we are reducing latency or delay in
communication and improving efficiency. In the future we would like to develop a one
to one communication between the master node and the slave node. And for further
increase in security we would liketo implement the system with blockchain.

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 IMPLEMENTATION
CHAPTER 5

5.1 Tools Introduction

● Visual code studio
● Microsoft Sql server management studio
● Android Studio

5.2 Technology Introduction

Visual Studio 2019 software is used for Designing and coding the framework described.
SQL Server 2019 manages and optimises the schema of the database, with tables,
extracting on demand data using query, for storing data or to keep records or to upgrade
the database..

Hardware Requirement:

➢ Processor with an intel core 5 or any upgraded version.

➢ Memory: 1 GB RAM
➢ A disk space of : 50 GB
➢ Connectivity to the internet

Software Requirement:

➢ Windows 10
➢ Visual studio 2019.
➢ SQL Server 2019.

5.3 Overall view of the project in terms of implementation

FRONT END TECHNOLOGY

Microsoft .NET Framework

It was first featured in the late 1990s by Microsoft to execute primarily on windows os.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

The library used to execute is FCL[Framework Class Library], which also supports using
two or more programming languages on the same platform.

The environment created for execution is known as Common Language Runtime where a
virtual concept is made use to manage all aspects like protection, data management,
exception management.

Introduction to ASP.NET Server Controls : The primary controls used in ASP.NET

are asp.net server pages.ASP.NET server controls are utilized by ASP.NET page designers to
programWeb pages.

Any customer entered values to the server are kept by Server controls. This control state will
not be put away on the server. keep in mind likewise that customer-side content is not
required.

These asp.net server controls can be used in structural jobs such as security,data access, data
manipulation, creating master pages and validation. In addition, all the events, methods and
properties possessed by the System.Web.UI.Control and WebControl class are inherited by
asp.netserver control.

BACK END TECHNOLOGIES:

Microsoft SQL Server: The Microsoft SQL Server is basically a SQL based, client
and worker information storage. Each of these words describes a foundation part of the
working of aSQL Server.

Database: The database organises the data in a structured manner that can be accessed easily
using language specific queries.The data in a database is usually supplied to a specific
applicationthat makes use of the data to produce useful business insights.A manufacturing
data warehouse can be built to store huge amounts of data.

The database contains tables, attributes, views, and procedures to support the

application.The DBMS answers for exhibits the information base construction:

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

● The structure of data relations can be seen in a simplified manner.

● The information displayed after each query is accurate.
● During the datacenter failures it also provides a system of backup for recovering the data

Examples of servers are:

A particular database can be allocated in the backend for a live worker. An interconnecting
segmentis used so applications can run for a single client and disclose the information base
for an organization. The SQL Server correspondence segment permits execution between a
framework executing on the worker node and SQL Server.

The design of the system application allows working with many customers simultaneously
and SQL server also supports the same feature to support the application framework. It also
provides isolation to the data such that other users cannot modify the data being used by
others.

Like a worker in a client/server organization, SQL Server also planned to function; it is

likewise supported for filling in a non dependent database straightforwardly on the clients.
The versatility and ease of use highlights of Structured Query Language based Server permit
this to execute proficiently upon a customer without burning-through an extra number of
sources.

Structured Query Language (SQL) : To retrieve the information from a data set, there
is a need to utilize a defined order and proclamations that are explained in the DBMS
programming language syntax. There exist many programming languages,which are utilized
along with social information bases.

1.1.1 Features of SQL Server : SQL Server of Microsoft provides a bunch of

characteristics to the client which offers the below advantages:

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

● The deployment, installation and use of the application framework is

effortless : SQL Server is embedded with a bunch of advanced device frameworks that
enhancethe capacity to implement, channel, supervise, and use SQL Server across a few
locales.
● Scalability : SQL is supported by all versions of windows, linux, unix and
otherforms of system, it can also be scaled to other forms of databases available
like RedShift etc.
● Data warehousing : The SQL query is structured for the ease of use for the clients
it resembles more to the format of English.
● Integration of system with different server soft wares: Structured Query
LanguageServer can integrate with almost all third party applications like email, the Internet,
and Windows os .

SQL Server manages various databases, with each informational index stores either data with
relations or data disengaged in various informational collections. With a real world example,
a laborer with one informational index that accommodates singular information and another
one thatsaves dependent data. Contrarily, one information base can be loaded with live client
request information, and another with a related data set can store chronicled client
arrangements that are utilized for yearly revealing.An information base, comprehends the
pieces of a data set and to planthe parts to assure that the data set works in a consistent format
after it is carried out.

5.6 Explanation of Algorithm and How it is being Implemented

● Naive bayes classifier takes the assistance of the bayes theorem.
● This algorithm predicts the probability at a particular data point of that particular
classfor which the data belongs. The class having the highest probability contemplates
being the most likely class to be shown in Fig. 7.1 and Fig. 7.2.
● To classify the classes, we compute X with respect to Y. This can be followed by
carrying out the equation below:

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

The Naive Bayes classifier calculates the probability of an event

in thefollowing steps:

● Step 1: Calculate the prior probability for given class labels

● Step 2: Find Likelihood probability with each attribute for each class
● Step 3: Put these values in Bayes Formula and calculate posterior probability.
● Step 4: See which class has a higher probability, given the input belongs to the higher
probability class.

Fig. 5.1 General Flow of Algorithm on Dataset

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 5.2 Flow Chart of Naive Bayes Algorithm

5.4 Information about the implementation of Modules

The system comprises 2 major modules as follows:

Admin Module:

1. Add Training Data to the model

2. Provide doctor details

3. View User Details that is previously saved

4. Sight Feedback provided by the customers

5. Sight the Doctor Details

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

6. Sight the Training Data as well as add any new data if required.

User Module:

1. Register (With Details like Age, Sex, etc.)

2. Check Heart by providing Details like

● Age in Years (29-62)

● Gender (0- male, 1-female)
● Chest Pain Type (1- typical angina, 2- atypical angina etc.,)
● Fasting Blood Sugar (1- present, 0- absent)
● Resting Electrographic Results (Restecg; 1- having, 0- normal)
● Exercise Induced Angina (Exang; 1- present, 0-absent)
● The slope of the peak exercise ST segment
● Number of major vessels coloured by fluoroscopy (0-3 vessels count)
● Thal- Thalassemia
● Trest Blood Pressure ( a numeric value)
● Serum Cholesterol in mg/dl (a numeric value)
● Maximum heart rate achieved (Thalach; 140,173)
● ST depression induced by exercise (Old peak)

3. System will accordingly view the Doctor to consult.

4. Provide feedback

5. Sight doctor

5.5 Conclusion
Naive Bayes' calculations have been used extensively in spam filtering,determining the
feelingsof the crowd,giving suggestions based on the study of history and so forth. They
are quick andelementary to execute, yet their greatest obstacle is that the prerequisite of
index is to be autonomous. Complementing this with the decision tree will give us the
most consequential result prediction.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Choice Support in the Heart Disease Prediction System is likewise evolved utilizing the
NaiveBayesian Classification strategy. Treatment records of millions of patients can be
put away andmechanized and information mining strategies may help in several
significant and basic inquiries identified with medical care. Naive Bayes order can
be utilized as a best choiceemotionally supportive network.

5.6 Code Implementation

MainLogin.aspx
<%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/MasterPage.master"
AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="MainLogin.aspx.cs" Inherits="MainLogin" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" Runat="Server">

<style type="text/css">
.auto-style1 {
width: 100%;
}
.auto-style2 {
height: 125px;
width: 33%;
}
.auto-style3 {
height: 25px;
width: 33%;
}
</style>
</asp:Content>
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1"
Runat="Server">
<br />
<br />

<table style="border: 1px solid #C0C0C0" width="80%">

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

<tr>
<td height="250" align="center" class="auto-style2">
<asp:ImageButton ID="ImageButton1" runat="server"
ImageUrl="/images/Admin.jpg" PostBackUrl="/AdminLogin.aspx" Width="170px"
/>
</td>

<td width="33.35%" align="center">

<asp:ImageButton ID="ImageButton3" runat="server" ImageUrl="/images/User.png"
PostBackUrl="/UserLogin.aspx" Width="180px" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" class="auto-style3">
<asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" Font-Bold="True" Font-
Size="Large" Font-Underline="False" ForeColor="#333333"
PostBackUrl="~/AdminLogin.aspx" style="font-family: candara; font-size: xx-
large">Admin Login</asp:LinkButton>
</td>

<td width="33.35%" align="center" height="20">

<asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton3" runat="server" Font-Bold="True" Font-
Size="Large" Font-Underline="False" ForeColor="#333333"
PostBackUrl="~/UserLogin.aspx" style="font-family: candara; font-size: xx-
large">User Login</asp:LinkButton>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br />
<br />
</asp:Content>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Web.config
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="Heart" connectionString="Data Source=SG2NWPLS14SQL-
v09.shr.prod.sin2.secureserver.net;Initial
Catalog=Healthfog;User
ID=Healthfog;Password=Ws27$5xm" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
</connectionStrings>
The following attributes can be set on the <httpRuntime> tag.
<system.Web>
<httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />
</system.Web>
-->
<system.web>
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5"/>
<authentication mode="Forms">
<forms loginUrl="~/Account/Login.aspx" timeout="2880"/>
</authentication>
<membership>
<providers>
<clear/>
<add
name="AspNetSqlMembershipProvider"
type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider"
connectionStringName="ApplicationServices" enablePasswordRetrieval="false"
enablePasswordReset="true"
requiresQuestionAndAnswer="false"
requiresUniqueEmail="false"
maxInvalidPasswordAttempts="5"
minRequiredPasswordLength="6" minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters="0"
passwordAttemptWindow="10" applicationName="/"/>
</providers>
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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

</membership>
<profile>
<providers>
<clear/>
<add
name="AspNetSqlProfileProvider" type="System.Web.Profile.SqlProfileProvider"
connectionStringName="ApplicationServices" applicationName="/"/>
</providers>
</profile>
<roleManager enabled="false">
<providers>
<clear/>
<add
name="AspNetSqlRoleProvider" type="System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider"
connectionStringName="ApplicationServices" applicationName="/"/>
<add
name="AspNetWindowsTokenRoleProvider"
type="System.Web.Security.WindowsTokenRoleProvider" applicationName="/"/>
</providers>
</roleManager>
<pages controlRenderingCompatibilityVersion="4.0"/>
</system.web>
<system.webServer>
<modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
</system.webServer>
</configuration>

MasterPage.master
<%@ Master Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true"
CodeFile="MasterPage.master.cs" Inherits="MasterPage" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title></title>
<asp:ContentPlaceHolder id="head" runat="server">
</asp:ContentPlaceHolder>

<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css" /><style

type="text/css">._css3m{display:none}</style>
<script src="includes/jquery-1.10.2.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<style type="text/css">
.tabular
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
}
.ATMtabular
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
background-image:url(images/ATM.jpg);
height:300px;

}
.intabular
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
background-color:White;
}
.sidebar
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
-moz-border-radius: 10px;

background-color:White;
}
</style>

</head>
<body style="background-image:url(images/Heart_Background.jpg); background-
attachment: fixed">

<form id="form1" runat="server">

<div>
<center>
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server">
</asp:ScriptManager>
<table class="tabular" width="80%">

<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<img src="images/human-heart.jpg" width="100%" class="intabular"/>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<asp:Panel ID="Panel1" runat="server">
<ul id="css3menu1" class="topmenu">
<li class="topfirst"><a href="AddDoctor.aspx" style="height:16px;line-
height:16px;">Add Doctor</a></li>
<li class="topmenu"><a href="AddTrainingData.aspx" style="height:16px;line-
height:16px;">Add Training Data</a></li>
<li class="topmenu"><a href="ViewUser.aspx" style="height:16px;line-
height:16px;">View User</a></li>
<%--<li class="topmenu"><a href="ViewDoctor.aspx" style="height:16px;line-

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
height:16px;">View Doctor</a></li>--%>

<li class="topmenu"><a href="ViewTrainingData.aspx" style="height:16px;line-

height:16px;">View Training Data</a></li>
<li class="topmenu"><a href="ViewFeedback.aspx" style="height:16px;line-
height:16px;">View Feedback</a></li>
<li class="toplast"><a href="Logout.aspx" style="height:16px;line-
height:16px;">Logout</a></li>
</ul>
</asp:Panel>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<asp:Panel ID="Panel2" runat="server">
<ul id="css3menu1" class="topmenu">
<li class="topfirst"><a href="CheckHeart.aspx" style="height:16px;line-
height:16px;">Heart Analysis</a></li>
<li class="topmenu"><a href="ViewDoctor.aspx" style="height:16px;line-
height:16px;">View Doctor</a></li>
<li class="topmenu"><a href="Feedback.aspx" style="height:16px;line-
height:16px;">Feedback</a></li>
<li class="toplast"><a href="Logout.aspx" style="height:16px;line-
height:16px;">Logout</a></li>
</ul>
</asp:Panel>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="intabular"> <center>
<br />
<asp:ContentPlaceHolder id="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="server">

</asp:ContentPlaceHolder>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
<br />

</center>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #333333; color: #e4c4ab;" align="right"
class="intabular">
Fog Data Analysis For Smart HealthCare System || Team Yaseen </td>
</tr>
</table>
</center>
</div>

</form>

</body>
</html>

CheckHeart.aspx
<%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/MasterPage.master"
AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="CheckHeart.aspx.cs" Inherits="CheckHeart" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" Runat="Server">

<style type="text/css">
.style1
{
font-size: xx-large;
}
.intLog
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
}

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
.style9

{
height: 40px;
}
.style10
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
font-family: Calibri;
}
.style11
{
font-family: Calibri;
font-size: large;
color: #333333;
font-weight: 700;
}
.style12
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
font-family: Calibri;
font-size: large;
}
.style13
{
width: 20%;
}
.style14
{
width: 20%;
}
.auto-style1 {

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
height: 23px;

}
</style>
</asp:Content>
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1"
Runat="Server">
<asp:Panel ID="Panel1" runat="server">
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="Results :" style="font-size: x-
large"></asp:Label>
<asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="" style="font-size: x-
large"></asp:Label>
</asp:Panel>
<br />
<table style="border: 1px solid #C0C0C0; background-image: url('Images/bg.jpg'); "
width="60%" class="intLog">
<tr>
<td colspan="3"
style="background-image: url('Images/blurred.jpg')"
align="center" class="intLog" bgcolor="#CC3300">
<asp:Label ID="Label3" runat="server" style="font-family: calibri; font-size: xx-large;
color: #FFFFFF;" Text="-- Check your Heart --"></asp:Label>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" align="right" style="color: #FF0000; font-size: small">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" align="center" style="color: #FF0000; font-size: small">
* Kindly fill up all the details given below<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
<td align="right" class="style13">

&nbsp;</td>
<td align="left">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" align="left" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td align="left">
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox14" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Chest Pain Type" required="Required"
Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" align="left" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td align="left">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" align="left" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
</td>
<td class="style9" align="left" >
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox4" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Fasting Blood Sugar" required="Required"
Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
</td>

<td width="33%" align="left" class="style14">

&nbsp;</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox5" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Resting Electrographic" required="Required"
Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox6" runat="server" CssClass="style12"

placeholder=" Exercise Induced Angina" required="Required"

TextMode="SingleLine" Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox7" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Slope" required="Required" TextMode="SingleLine"
Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
</tr>

<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox8" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" No. of Major Vessels(CA) " required="Required"
TextMode="SingleLine" Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox9" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Thal" required="Required" TextMode="SingleLine"
Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
&nbsp;</td>

<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox10" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Trest Blood Pressure" required="Required" TextMode="SingleLine"
Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox11" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Serum Cholesterol" required="Required" TextMode="SingleLine"
Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
<td width="33%" class="style14">

&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox12" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Maximum Heart Rate achieved(Thalach)" required="Required"
TextMode="SingleLine" Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
<td>

<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox13" runat="server" CssClass="style12"

placeholder=" ST Depression Induced by Exercise(Oldpeak)" required="Required"
TextMode="SingleLine" Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td>
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" class="auto-style1">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" colspan="3">

<asp:Button ID="btnAnalyse" runat="server" Text="Analyse Heart"

CssClass="style10"
Height="38px" Width="200px" Font-Size="X-Large" ForeColor="#333333"
BorderColor="#009933" OnClick="btnAnalyse_Click"/>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
&nbsp;</td>

<td>
<asp:Label ID="lblAge" runat="server" Visible="False"></asp:Label>
<asp:Label ID="lblSex" runat="server" Visible="False"></asp:Label>
</td>
<td width="20%">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</table>
</asp:Content>

Register.aspx
<%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/MasterPage.master"
AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Register.aspx.cs" Inherits="Register" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" Runat="Server">

<style type="text/css">
.style1
{
font-size: xx-large;
}
.intLog
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
}
.style9
{
height: 40px;
}
.style10
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
-moz-border-radius: 10px;

font-family: Calibri;
}
.style11
{
font-family: Calibri;
font-size: large;
color: #333333;
font-weight: 700;
}
.style12
{
-webkit-border-radius: 10px;
-moz-border-radius: 10px;
font-family: Calibri;
font-size: large;
}
.style13
{
width: 20%;
}
.style14
{
width: 20%;
}
</style>
</asp:Content>
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1"
Runat="Server">
<table style="background-image: url('Images/bg.jpg'); "
width="60%" class="intLog">
<tr>
<td colspan="4"

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
style="background-image: url('Images/blurred.jpg')"

align="center" class="intLog" bgcolor="#CC3300">

<asp:Label ID="Label3" runat="server" style="font-family: calibri; font-size: xx-large;
color: #FFFFFF;" Text="-- Register --"></asp:Label>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="2">
<span class="style11">Id : </span>
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" CssClass="style11"
Text="Label"></asp:Label>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="2">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
<td colspan="2">

<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server" CssClass="style12"

placeholder=" Name" required="Required" Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="2">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Address" required="Required" TextMode="MultiLine"
Width="99%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="2">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
</tr>

<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
</td>
<td align="left" colspan="2">
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox3" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Mobile No." required="Required" MaxLength="10"
Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
<br />
<asp:RegularExpressionValidator ID="RxvMobNo" runat="Server"
ControlToValidate="TextBox3" ErrorMessage="Invalid Mobile No.!"
ForeColor="#FF3300" ValidationExpression="^[7-9]\d{9}$"
style="font-family: Calibri"></asp:RegularExpressionValidator>
</td>
<td width="33%" align="left" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
</td>
<td class="style9" align="left" colspan="2" >
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox4" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Email Id" required="Required" Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
<br />
<asp:RegularExpressionValidator ID="RxvEmail" runat="Server"
ControlToValidate="TextBox4" ErrorMessage="Invalid Email Id!"
ForeColor="#FF3300" ValidationExpression="\w+([-+.']\w+)@\w+([-.]\w+)\.\w+([-
.]\w+)*"
style="font-family: Calibri"></asp:RegularExpressionValidator>
</td>
<td width="33%" align="left" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
<tr>

<td align="right" class="style13">

&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="2">
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox5" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Your Age" required="Required" MaxLength="3"
Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="2">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="20%">
<asp:Label ID="Label4" runat="server" style="font-size: large; font-family: calibri;
font-weight: 700;" Text="Gender : "></asp:Label>
</td>
<td>
<asp:RadioButtonList ID="RadioButtonList1" runat="server"
RepeatDirection="Horizontal" style="font-family: calibri; font-size: large"
Width="100%">
<asp:ListItem>Male</asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem>Female</asp:ListItem>
</asp:RadioButtonList>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
&nbsp;</td>

</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="2">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox6" runat="server" CssClass="style12"
placeholder=" Password" required="Required" TextMode="Password"
MaxLength="16" Width="100%"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="2">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="33%" class="style14">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="style13">
</td>
</tr>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
<tr>

<td align="center" colspan="4">

<asp:Button ID="btnSubmit" runat="server" Text="Submit" CssClass="style10"
Height="35px" Width="100px" Font-Size="X-Large" ForeColor="#333333"
BorderColor="#009933" OnClick="btnSubmit_Click" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right" class="style13">
&nbsp;</td>
<td colspan="2">
&nbsp;</td>
<td width="20%">
&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</table>
</asp:Content>

Result.aspx
<%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/MasterPage.master"
AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Result.aspx.cs" Inherits="Result" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" Runat="Server">

</asp:Content>
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1"
Runat="Server">
<div style="font-family:Candara">
<h1>Prediction Result</h1>
<hr />
<br />
<h3>This person might suffering from</h3>
<asp:Label ID="LabelResult" runat="server" ForeColor="DarkGreen" Font-
Size="40px" Font-Bold="true" Text="No Data Available"></asp:Label>

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
<br /><br />
<i style="color:grey">(the result is predicted based on inputs received from the

user)</i>

<br /><br />

<table style="width:80%">
<tr>
<td>
<h3 style="text-align:left;text-decoration: underline;">Symptoms</h3>

<asp:Label ID="LabelSymptoms" Font-Size="Large" runat="server" Text="No Data

Available"></asp:Label>

<br /><br />

<h3 style="text-align:left;text-decoration: underline;">Treatment</h3>

<asp:Label ID="LabelTreatment" Font-Size="Large" runat="server" Text="No Data

Available"></asp:Label>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /><br />
<center>

<asp:Button ID="btnAnalyse" runat="server" Text="Refresh" CssClass="style10"

Height="38px" Width="200px" Font-Size="X-Large" ForeColor="#333333"
BorderColor="#009933" OnClick="btnAnalyse_Click"/>
</center>
</asp:Content>

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CHAPTER 6
OUTPUT SNAPSHOTS

6.1 Result Snapshots

The Fig. 6.1shows home page of the application which consists of login options for admin
anduser. The admin logs in using admin login and and user logs in using the user login.

Fig. 6.1.1 Home page

Once the admin login icon is clicked the admin login page will appear. Fig. 6.2 is the
snapshotof the admin page. the admin may login using his credentials.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 6.1.2 Admin Login

The registered user has to enter his details like username and password and can login.If
the user is not registered he can register in the new user option using sign up. Fig. 6.3 is
the user login page.

Fig. 6.1.3 User Login

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

The new user has to enter details like name, address, mobile no., email id, age, gender
and cangive a password and register. the Fig. 6.4 is the user registration page.

Fig. 6.1.4 New User Registration Page(Sign Up Page)

The Fig. 9.5 shows the example for new user registration.

Fig. 6.1.5 New User Registration Page(Sign Up Page)

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

The Fig. 6.1.6 shows the doctor's details page.

Fig. 6.1.6: Doctor Information Page

And we can also add a new doctor to the list, by giving details like name , address,
mobilenumber, email id , age , gender, and filling the speciality of the field handled by
the doctor.
Fig. 6.1.7 is the add doctor page.

Fig. 6.1.7 New Doctor Registration Page

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

We can directly add training data to the database through the add training data page.
Fig. 6.1.8shows the add training data page.

Fig. 6.1.8 Adding new data to database

Fig. 6.1.9 shows the output for given test data.

Fig. 6.1.9 Analysed Result Page

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

We can see the disease result from the input given, and also symptoms and treatment
givenby the system. Fig. 6.1.10 is the snapshot of the same.

Fig. 6.1.10 Analysed Result Page

Disease results will be sent as notification to the slave node (User’s android application)
fromthe master node. Fig. 6.1.11 is the picture of the notification in the mobile
application.

Fig. 6.1.11 View of the Slave node(User’s android application)

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

6.2 Comparison Table

Confusion matrix drawn for a random sample: This is used to find the performance of
any classification model. It is carried out over the test data set where we are aware of the
true values as shown in Table 9.1 and Table 9.2.
Here for a known sample of 36 random samples from the train data set we have drawn a
confusion matrix and found out the accuracy. We see that in machine learning, when it is
required to solve any problem that includes statistical classification, this confusion matrix
would be described as an error matrix. This table helps us to analyse the performance of
any algorithm required.
True data V/s Predicted data

RHE HBP CHF STR MHA HVD

RHE 3 0 4 0 0 0

HBP 0 4 0 4 0 0

CHF 1 0 8 0 0 0

STR 0 0 4 0 0 0

MH 0 0 0 0 4 0
A

HVD 0 0 0 0 0 4

Table 6.2.1 Confusion matrix

Random samples taken , N =36

Accuracy is given by the formula (TP+TN)/N * 100

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

disease TP TN FP FN ACCURACY

RHE 3 28 4 1 0.8811

HBP 4 28 4 0 0.8888

CHF 8 27 1 0 0.9722

STR 4 28 0 4 0.8888

MHA 4 32 0 0 0.1

HVD 4 32 0 0 0.1

Table 6.2.2 Accuracy calculation

Average accuracy is 0.9351

Fig. 6.2.1 Comparison of the Naive Bayes algorithm to other algorithms.[2]

When naive bayes is compared to various other algorithms we see that it has better
accuracythan others.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 6.2.2 Comparison of the Naive Bayse algorithm to other algorithms. [2]

The above graph shows the comparison of naive bayes with knn and logistic regression
on theirprecision.

Fig. 6.2.3 Comparison of the Naive Bayse algorithm to other algorithms in Google
Colabusing the Heart data set.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

After applying Logistic regression, K-nearest neighbours and Naive Bayse algorithm, we
haveachieved a testing accuracy of 80%,67% and 93% respectively and thus we conclude
that NaiveBayse algorithm has a better accuracy.

Fig. 6.2.4 Example for Topology simulation

We have considered different topologies to draw the conclusion.The topology seen is one
of the examples. Since we have implemented the project on a master and a slave node ,
and we don't have resources to extend it to more nodes we have simulated the same and
drawn conclusion.Topologies Considered to draw conclusion: to measure the accuracy
we have usedthe dataset for other components like power consumption, latency we have
used the storage capacity ( occupied by dataset) to measure the load.

Here in the above topology the data is being collected by the sensors and is being
delivered tothe fog nodes [slave, master] for the computation purpose, and to further
optimize theimplemented system the data can be sent to the cloud architecture so that the
output can be sent as an notification to the sufferer.

Prediction accuracy: The chosen dataset for this model comprises 1027 examples. To
improveon the testing accuracy and not to cause much delay to the training time, we must
divide the available training data equally across all the master nodes as shown in Fig.
6.16 and Fig. 6.17.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 6.2.5 Graph showing accuracy when algorithm is applied on different sizes of
trainingdataset [2].

Fig. 6.2.6 Graph showing accuracy when algorithm is applied on different sizes of
testingdataset [2].

As the calculation is applied to various sizes of dataset, we can see that the preparation
and testing precision increases with the expansion of the dataset. Here we have taken best
and normal perceptions of exactness for each dataset size and plotted the diagram to
demonstrate that as the size of the dataset builds the calculation's exhibition turns out to
be better.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Time characteristics: Low latency compared to cloud, because in fog communication

single hop data transfer takes place while in cloud there is multi hop data transfer which
leads to high latency as shown in Fig. 6.18.

Fig. 6.2.7 Graph showing variation of latency [2].

Network usage: By the study of network usage in different cases and cloud, we can see
that the fog uses less bandwidth when compared to the cloud, in fog there is a chance that
the network bandwidth can increase when the worker node increases as shown in Fig.
6.2.7.

Fig. 6.2.8 Graph showing variation of network usage based on parameters such as
bandwidth.[2]

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Power consumption: With the simulation observations The power consumption in the
fog node is less but in cloud is more because of the high capacity servers, but in fog there
is no need for the complex infrastructure and the setup is very simple when compared to
cloud as shown in Fig. 6.2.8.

Fig. 6.2.9 Graph showing variation of power consumption. [2]

After analyzing these parameters for result analysis we found that fog is better than
cloud andwe move ahead with fog architecture for the implementation of smart health
care systems.

6.3 Contribution To The Existing System

• In our model which we have implemented follows the slave [replica] concept such
thatdon’t have to store the results in the master node but sent to the replica so
there is a better resource management and at the slave node we have achieved the
resource management as we have used azure cloud integrator in the fog
architecture for forwarding the result.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

• We have achieved improvements in the properties like time delay or latency,

power consumption, energy consumption and network bandwidth with the help of
simulation.
• We have achieved an accuracy of 93% which is more than the existing system in
terms of prediction algorithm.

Dept.of CSE, RGIT 2021-22 Page | 68

CHAPTER 7
TESTING AND RESULTS

7.1 TESTING

Software testing establishes whether or not a piece of software is correct, complete,

andof good quality. Validation is the process of verifying that the generated software
satisfiesthe user's expectations. The actions that take place during the testing phase
basically, determine whether the system's capabilities fits the criteria. The most
important is the goal of software testing is to find bugs in the program. Errors occur
when a component fails. It is discovered that parts of the developed system are
erroneous, incomplete, or inconsistent. The procedure where software is executed with
the purpose of detecting software bugs is one example of a test technique (errors or other
defects). It entails the process of evaluating one or more properties of a software
component or system interest.

• Meet the criteria that guided the design and development of the product.
• Responds to all types of inputs accurately,
• It completes its tasks in a reasonable amount of time.
• Is it useable in a reasonable amount of time?
• It can be installed and run in the contexts it was designed for.
• Obtains the desired general outcome from the stakeholders

Given the virtually limitless ways possible for the number of tests for even
simple components, all software testing employs some approach to pick tests which are
practicable given the time and things available. Therefore, software testing is commonly
(but not always) performed. Solely tries to run an application with the goal of getting to
know anything such as bugs in software. It provides objective, unbiased results,
impartial information to users about the quality of software and the danger of failure as
well as sponsors. As soon as executable software is available, software testing can begin.
In a staged approach, for example, the majority of testing occurs after the system

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Requirements have been specified and then implemented. Program that can be tested
Requirements, programming, and testing are all handled differently in an agile approach.
Testing is frequently carried out in parallel. Both valid and invalid inputs are chosen by
the test designer. It calculates the proper output without knowing anything about the
internals of the test object Structure.

Unit Testing

Single units of source code sets of one or more program modules, as well as
accompanying control data, processes, and procedures are examined to see whether they
are suitable for the use of unit testing.

Integration Testing

Individual software segments are joined and assessed as a group during the integration
testing phase of software testing. Integration testing is used to assess a system's or
component's compliance with stated functional requirements. It happens between unit
testing and validation testing.

System Testing

This is a type of testing that is done on an entire integrated system to see if it meets its
criteria. All the components that have successfully cleared the integration testing are
given into system testing.

Since the project is on a large scale,developers would require testing to make it

successful. In the case where each piece works appropriately in every regard and
provides expected output for a wide range of data sources then the task is required to be
efficient. So if the destination issuccessful, this ought to be attempted.

Testing Tools and Environment

For the sake of removing errors that are in various stages The topic of levels of testing
comes into the picture. The normal stages of testing are as follows:

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Fig. 7.1 Testing Process

A long sequence of tests was done on the proposed system as shown in Table 8.1 before
it wasall set to take user acceptance testing.

7.2 TEST CASES

Since the project is on a large scale, developers would require testing to make it
successful. In the case where each piece works appropriately in every regard and provides
expected output for a wide range of data sources then the task is required to be efficient.
So if the destination issuccessful, this ought to be attempted.

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FOG DATA ANALYSIS FOR SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Use Case Test Case Description Procedure Expected Result

UC01: Client wants TC01: Client sends the Client submits the Client supplies it's The client is
to registration registration UserID successfully
register request POST request with and other attributes registered..
UserID and other to the body of the
components. POST request is
constructed and it is
updated in the
database
UC02: Client wants TC02: Client sends the Client registers in the the client The android app
to mapping request to master node. downloads the apk receives
connect a Fog node. file into android notification when
slave node to executed.
app and
the master authenticates using
node. the login
credentials.

Table 7.1 Test Cases

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CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION

8.1 Findings and Suggestions

• In this research work, we are focusing on the healthcare aspects for heart patients by
proposing a novel Fog based Smart Healthcare System for Automatic Diagnosis of
Heart Diseases using machine learning.
• Here we are using decision tree and naive bayes techniques for prediction. Health Fog
provides healthcare as a fog service and efficiently manages the data of heart patients
which is coming from different IoT devices.
• Here we are reducing latency or delay in communication and improving efficiency.

8.2 Significance of the Proposed Research Work

• Our model which we have implemented follows the slave [replica] concept such
that we don't have to store the results in the master node but send them to the replica
so there is better resource management.
• Fog has features like low latency, low energy consumption and low network usage.
(From simulation result)
• Fog has high efficiency compared to cloud due to its features. (From simulation result)
• Naive bayes algorithm is a fast, highly scalable algorithm,
• Doctors get more clients online and instant diagnosis (instead of waiting for the lab
results we can directly check in the implemented system).

8.3 Limitations of this Research Work

• The system is not fully automated, it needs data from the user or Doctor for full
diagnosis.
• An internet connection is compulsory when running a web application. Still there are
many parts of the world where the internet is not accessible.
• Since in-fog environment controllers and storages are distributed across various
locations in the network, it needs more maintenance.
• Browser Support – Unfortunately, we don’t all use the same browser. This means
during development we have to ensure that all features have to be supported across a
variety of browsers.

8.4 Directions for the Future Works

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In this research work, the essence being to develop a novel fog-based healthcare system
and this is created with a fog environment with one master to many slave architectures
for Mechanized prediction of diseases related to the heart using machine learning
algorithms withinput being taken from several IoT devices. Here we use decision trees
and Naive Bayes techniques for prediction. Fog environment is very flexible and it can
be used to provide healthcare as a service and coherently manage the input of the sufferer
which is imminent from different IoT devices. Here we are reducing latency or delay in
communication and improving efficiency. In the future we would like to develop a one
to one communication between the master node and the slave node. And for further
increase in security we would liketo implement the system with block-chain.

Page | 74
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INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE SURVEY
SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
SPECIFICATION
SYSTEM DESIGN AND
ARCHITECTURE
IMPLEMENTATION
OUTPUT SNAPSHOTS
TESTING AND RESULT
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
BASE PAPER