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Arm Processor

The ARM processor is a 32-bit RISC microcontroller architecture developed by various manufacturers, featuring different versions like ARMv1 and ARMv2. It includes components such as the Arithmetic Logic Unit, Booth multiplier, Barrel shifter, and Control unit, which work together to execute instructions efficiently. The ARM Cortex family consists of three subfamilies: Ax-series, Rx-series, and Mx-series, each designed for specific applications.

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12 views2 pages

Arm Processor

The ARM processor is a 32-bit RISC microcontroller architecture developed by various manufacturers, featuring different versions like ARMv1 and ARMv2. It includes components such as the Arithmetic Logic Unit, Booth multiplier, Barrel shifter, and Control unit, which work together to execute instructions efficiently. The ARM Cortex family consists of three subfamilies: Ax-series, Rx-series, and Mx-series, each designed for specific applications.

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parth_iarjun
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© © All Rights Reserved
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With neat block diagram explain the function of ARM processor.

The ARM architecture processor is an advanced reduced instruction set computing [RISC]
machine and it’s a 32bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microcontroller. It was
introduced by the Acron computer organization in 1987. This ARM is a family of
microcontroller developed by makers like ST Microelectronics,Motorola, and so on. The ARM
architecture comes with totally different versions like ARMv1, ARMv2, etc., and, each one has
its own advantage and disadvantages.

ARM Architecture

The ARM cortex is a complicated microcontroller within the ARM family that has ARMv7
design. There are 3 subfamilies within the ARM cortex family :

 ARM Cortex Ax-series


 ARM-Cortex Rx-series
 ARM-Cortex Mx-series

The ARM Architecture

 Arithmetic Logic Unit


 Booth multiplier
 Barrel shifter
 Control unit
 Register file

This article covers the below mentioned components.


The ARM processor conjointly has other components like the Program status register, which
contains the processor flags (Z, S, V and C). The modes bits conjointly exist within the program
standing register, in addition to the interrupt and quick interrupt disable bits; Some special
registers: Some registers are used like the instruction, memory data read and write registers
and memory address register.

Priority encoder: The encoder is used in the multiple load and store instruction to point
which register within the register file to be loaded or kept .

Multiplexers: several multiplexers are accustomed to the management operation of the


processor buses. Because of the restricted project time, we tend to implement these components
in a very behavioral model. Each component is described with an entity. Every entity has its own
architecture, which can be optimized for certain necessities depending on its application. This
creates the design easier to construct and maintain.

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

The ALU has two 32-bits inputs. The primary comes from the register file, whereas the other
comes from the shifter. Status registers flags modified by the ALU outputs. The V-bit output
goes to the V flag as well as the Count goes to the C flag. Whereas the foremost significant bit
really represents the S flag, the ALU output operation is done by NORed to get the Z
flag. The ALU has a 4-bit function bus that permits up to 16 opcode to be implemented.

Booth Multiplier Factor

The multiplier factor has 3 32-bit inputs and the inputs return from the register file. The
multiplier output is barely 32-Least Significant Bits of the merchandise.

Booth Algorithm

Booth algorithm is a noteworthy multiplication algorithmic rule for 2’s complement numbers.
This treats positive and negative numbers uniformly

Barrel Shifter

The barrel shifter features a 32-bit input to be shifted. This input is coming back from the
register file or it might be immediate data. The shifter has different control inputs coming back
from the instruction register.

Control Unit

For any microprocessor, control unit is the heart of the whole process and it is responsible for the
system operation,so the control unit design is the most important part within the whole design.

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