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Soft Computing Numericals

The document contains a series of questions related to soft computing, focusing on fuzzy sets, image processing, neural networks, and inference rules. Each question requires specific calculations or derivations, such as finding unions and intersections of fuzzy sets, using generalized modus ponens, and applying Hebbian learning rules. Additionally, it includes practical applications like selecting travel packages based on fuzzy criteria and optimizing functions using genetic algorithms.

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18 views9 pages

Soft Computing Numericals

The document contains a series of questions related to soft computing, focusing on fuzzy sets, image processing, neural networks, and inference rules. Each question requires specific calculations or derivations, such as finding unions and intersections of fuzzy sets, using generalized modus ponens, and applying Hebbian learning rules. Additionally, it includes practical applications like selecting travel packages based on fuzzy criteria and optimizing functions using genetic algorithms.

Uploaded by

abshishekyadava98765
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOFT COMPUTING

NUMERICALS
Questions
QUESTION1)
The task is to recognize English alphabetical characters (F, E,
X, Y, I, T) in an image processing system. Two fuzzy sets
I and F are defined to represent the identification of
characters I and F.
GI=((F, 0.4), (E, 0.3), (X, 0.1), (Y, 0.1), (1, 0.9), (T, 0.8))
F =((F, 0.99), (E, 0.8), (X, 0.1), (Y, 0.2), (1, 0.5), (T, 0.5)) Find the
following:
i. IuF ii. I-F iii. FUF iv. Verify de Morgan's law

QUESTION2)
let sets of values of variables X and Y be X = (x, xxg) and (xx)
Y=(y,,y2), respectively. Assume that a proposition "if X is a,
then Y is B" is given, where A = .5/x, + 1/x+.6/x, and B=1/y,+
Aly. Then, given a fact expressed by the proposition "x is A'",
where A'= .6/x, +.9/x2+.7/x, use the generalized modus
ponens to derive a conclusion in the form "Y is B"

QUESTION 3) Find new weights through back prapogation


from the network shown in Fig. 7. Input pattern is (0.4, -0.7)
and target output is 0.1. Use the learning rate a = 0.25 and
Bipolar sigmoidal activation function.

Q4) Consider two fuzzy sets


A = ((2, 1), (4, 0.3), (6, 0.5), (8, 0.2)}
B= {(2, 0.5), (4, 0.4), (6, 0.1), (8, 1))
Perform union, intersection, difference and complement over
fuzzy sets A and B.

Q5) The task is to recognize English alphabetical characters (F,


E, X, Y, I, T) in an image processing system.
Define two Fuzzy sets I and F to represent the identification
of characters I and F.
I={(F, 0.4), (E, 0.3), (X, 0.1), (Y, 0.1), (7, 0.9), (T, 0.8))
F= ((F, 0.99), (E, 0.8), (X, 0.1), (Y, 0.2), (1, 0.5), (T, 0.5)) Find the
following:
I) IUF
II). I-F
III.) F u Fe
IV) Verify De Morgan's Law

Q6) Given
1) C v D
2) -H⇒(A ꓥ ~B)
3) (C V D) --> ~H
4) (A ꓥ ~B)⇒(RVS)
Can (R v S) be inferred from inference rules?

Q7) Consider three orthogonal vectors [1 -11 -1] [- 1 1 1 -1] .


Find the weight matrix to store all the three orthogonal
vectors and test the response of the net for each of the input
vectors given.

Q8 ) For the given input vectors S = (S1, S2 S3 S4) and output


vectors t = (t1, t), find the weight matrix using hetero-
associative training algorithm.
S= (S1, S2 S3 S4))
t= ( t1, t2),
1 = (1, 0, 1, 0) (1,0)
II = (1, 1, 0, 0) (1,0)
III = (1, 1, 1, 0) (0,0)
IV = (1,0,0,0) (0.1)

Q9)
Use the Hebb rule of discrete BAM, find the weight matrix to
store the following (binary) input-output pattern pairs. S(1) =
(1, 1, 0) , t(1) = (1,0) , S(2) = (0,1,0) t(2) = (0,1)
Using binary and bipolar step functions as the activation
functions test the response of the network on each of the
input pattern?

Q10)
Let R be a crisp relation among the two sets {X =
dollar ,pound, franc, mark) and Y = (United States, France,
Canada, Britain, Germany), which associates a country with a
currency. Represent it as a fuzzy relation using 2-dimensional
membership array.
Q11)

Q12)
Consider four travel packages offered by Thomas Cook, Club
Mahindra, World around, and Himalaya Travels.
We want to choose one. Their costs are INR 100,000, INR
200,000, INR 150,000 and INR 175,000. Their travel time in
hours is 150, 200, 100, and 125 respectively. They are viewed
as interesting with degrees 0.4, 0.3, 0.6, 0.5. Define your own
fuzzy set of interesting travel packages whose cost and travel
times are acceptable and use this set to choose one of your
own packages.

Q13)
Given a conditional and qualified Fuzzy proposition 'P' of the
form. P: If x is A, then y is B is S where 'S' is fuzzy truth
qualifier and a fact is in the form "x is A" We want to make an
inference in the form "y is B". Develop a method based on
the truth-value restrictions for getting the inference.

Q14)
Use the Hebb rule of discrete BAM, find the weight matrix to
store the following (binary) input output pattern pairs:
S(1) = (1, 1, 0) t(1) = (1, 0)
S(2) = (0, 1, 0) t(2) = (0,1)

Q15)
Find the weights required to perform the following
classification using perceptron network. The vectors (1, 1, 1,
1) and (-1, 1,-1,-1) are belonging to the class (so have target
1), vectors (1, 1, 1,-1) and (1,-1,-1,1) are not belonging to the
class (so have target value -1), Assume learning rate is 1 and
weights is 0.

Q16)
Use GA to solve the following non-linear programming
problem:
Minimize (x-2.5)2+(y-5)2 subject to 5.5x+2y2 -18≤0 ,0≤x, y≥ 5
Q17) Use the Hebb rule to find the weight matrix to store the
following (binary) input output pattern.X(1)=(101)
r(1)=(10)X(2)=(010) r(2) = (01)

Q18)
Using the binary step function (with threshold 0) as the
activation function for both layers, test the response of your
network in both directions of each binary training pattern.
Initial activation of the other layers is set to zero.

Q19) Let a function f(x)=x-x/16 be defined on the interval [0,


31]. Illustrate the use of GA for determining the maximum of
the given function.

Q20) Draw the architecture of Hopfield net. Design Hopfield


net for 4 bit bipolar pattern The training pattern are sample
S1[1, 1,-1,-1] II Sample S2[-1, 1, -1, 1] III sample S3[-1,-1, - 1,
1]. Find the weight matrix and energy for three input
samples.

Q21) Consider three fuzzy sets given by :


A = {(low, 1), (medium, 0.2), (high, 0.5))
B = {(positive, 0.9), (zero, 0.4), (negative, 0.9))
C = {(low, 0.1), (medium, 0.2), (high, 0.7))

Find the fuzzy relation for the Cartesian product of A and B.


Find CoR using max-min composition.

Q22) For the given input vectors S = (S1, S2, S3, S4) and
output vector T = (T1, T), find the weight matrix using hetero
associative training algorithm.
S=(S1, S2, S3, S) T= (T,, T2)
1) (1,1,0,0) (0,1)
2) (1,0,0,1) (1,1)
3) (1, 1, 0, 0) (1,0)
4) (0, 1, 0, 1) (0,0)

Q23) Consider four destination wedding packages P1, P2, P3


and P4. We want to choose one. Their cost are INR 1,00,000,
INR 1,50,000, INR 2,50,000 and INR 3,50,000. Their days for
packages are 10, 20, 30 and 35 respectively. They are viewed
as interesting with degrees 0.4, 0.3, 0.6, 0.5. Define your own
fuzzy set of acceptable days of packages. Then determine the
fuzzy set of interesting wedding packages whose cost and
days for package are acceptable and use this set to choose
one of your package.

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