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YANTRA
• Rasashastra deals with metallic, mineral and poisonous
drugs.

• These drugs are pharmaceutically processed and rendered fit

for internal administration.

• For the various processing of rasa uparasadi dhatus and for

the preparation of medicines, specific apparatuses called
‘Yantras’ are needed.

• Metals and minerals are required to undergo certain

processes like shodhana, jarana, marana, satwapatana etc
before they could be administered into the body and all these
processes could only be achieved with the help of yantras.

• For exploring and utilizing the knowledge of Rasasastra, a

better understanding of yantras is needed.

• Textbooks of Ayurvediya Rasasastra including

Rasatarangini, Rasaratna samuchaya, Rasarnavam and
Rasendra Choodamani have been the sources of literature
along with other published works on Rasasastra.

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• Only the yantras used in Rasasastra were considered here and

the yantras mentioned in the context of Salyatantra, Salakya
tantra for its use in treatment were excluded.

DEFINITION OF YANTRA

✓ **स्वेदाददकर्मदिर्ाम तुं वादतमकेन्द्रै: प्रयत्नत: ।

यन्त्र्यते पारदो यस्मात्तस्माध्यन्त्रदर्दत स्मृतर्् ॥

(र.र.स 9/2)

• Yantras are the instruments which are used for the difficult
operations of controlling parada by performing processes
like svedana etc.
✓ रसोपरसलोहाध्या र्ारणाध्यार्मदसद्धये ।
यन्त्र्यन्तेऽिे ि यस्मात्त तस्माद् यन्त्रुं प्रकीदतमतर्् ॥ (R.T 4/1)
• The different types of apparatus used for various
pharmaceutical procedures, such as swedana (Steaming),
Mardana (Trituration), shodhana(Purification), maarana
(incineration), etc on different rasa dravya are called as
yantra

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 2

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NUMBER OF YANTRAS IN VARIOUS TEXTS

S.N Classical Reference No:of Yantras

1 Rasarnavam (12th cent AD) 5

2 Rasendra Choodamani (12th cent AD) 30

3 RasaRatna Samuchaya (13th cent AD) 32

4 Rasendra Sara sangraha (16th cent AD) 9

5 Rasa Tarangini (20th cent AD) 20

YANTRAS MENTIONED IN RASASASTRA LITERATURE

SN YANTRAS RA R.Chu RRS RSS RT

1 Dola Yantra + + + + +

2 Damaru Yantra + + +

3 Sthali Yantra + + +

4 Nalika Yantra + + +

5 Lavana Yantra + + +

6 Bhasma Yantra +

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7 Swedani Yantra + + +

8 Valuka Yantra + + +

9 Puta Yantra + +

10 Dharvika Yantra +

11 Vidyadhara Yantra + + +

12 Ghata Yantra + +

13 Patana Yantra + + + +

14 AdhapatanaYantra + + + +

15 Tiryakpatana Yantra + + + +

16 Bhudhara Yantra + +

17 Patala Yantra +

18 Kachapa Yantra + + +

19 Dipika Yantra +

20 Khalva Yantra + + +

21 Taptakhalva Yantra + + +

22 Ulukhala Yantra +

23 Kanduka Yantra +

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24 Somanala Yantra + + +

25 Hamsapaka Yantra + +

26 Jarana Yantra + +

27 Deki Yantra + +

28 Valabhi Yantra + +

29 Koshti Yantra + + +

30 Palika Yantra + + +

31 Ishtika Yantra + +

32 Mridanga Yantra +

33 Garbha Yantra + +

34 Grasta Yantra + +

35 Dhupa Yantra + +

36 Nabhi Yantra + +

NAMING OF YANTRAS
a) Based on their shapes: Damaru yantra, kachapa yantra,Ghata

yantra etc

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b) Based on their functions: Swedani yantra, jarana yantra,

patana yantra

c) Based on materials used: Lavana yantra, valuka yantra,

bhasma yantra

YANTRA’s USED IN DIFFERENT PROCESSES OF

PARADA
Swedana Karma Dola Yantra, Kanduka Yantra, Swedani
Yantra, Valabhi Yantra
Mardana Karma Various types of Khalva Yantra
Patana Karma Urdhva Patana Yantra, Adhah Patana Yantra,
Tiryak Patana Yantra, Damaru Yantra,
Vidhyadhara Yantra, Kinnara Yantra
Jarana Karma Sthali Yantra, Kachchapa Yantra, Hamsapada
Yantra, Somanala Yantra, Dhupa Yantra,
Palika Yantra, Tula Yantra, Valuka Yantra
Taila Patana Patala Yantra, Akasha Yantra
Karma

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उलूखल यन्त्र
दशाङ् गलन्त दवस्तारे तूत्सेधे षोडशाङ् गलर्् ।
त्रयोदशाङ् गलुं चैव दिम्नत्वेि च सुंदृढर्् ॥
आयसा: दिदर्मतञ्चैव र्ध्येऽदतर्सृणीकृतर्् ।
दवुंशत्यङ् गलदीर्म श्च लोहदण्ड: सशोभि: ॥
उलूखलादभधुं यन्त्रुं बधैरेतत्प्रकीदतमतर्् ।
ताप्यादीिाुं कट्टिार्ं यन्त्रर्ेतत्प्रयज्य्ते ॥
लर्ूदि चार् दीर्ाम दण यक्त्या यन्त्रादण कारयेत् ।
द्रव्यर्ािािकूल्येि् दवधािज्ञो दभषग्वर: ॥
यन्त्राण्येतादि प्रोक्तादि ददग्दशमितया र्या।
अध्येतृणाुं दशशूिान्त सखबोधाय सत्वारर्् ॥ (र त 4/58-62)

Shape : A deep vessel shaped

Made with : Wood/Stone/Iron

Height : 16 angula

Width : 10 angula

Depth : 13 angula

Structure : Soft , Shiny, Strong

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 7

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Pestle
(Peshini)
Made With : wood/Stone/Iron

Length : 20 angula

Usage : Pounding different herbals (Leaves, roots,

tubers etc)
Minerals (Rasoparasa and loha)

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खल्व यन्त्र

Khalva Yantra ia an apparatus used for peshanadi karma

(grinding) of mercurial drugs.

✓ चषकोपममत्यच्छं सदृढ पपच्छच्छलोपमम् ।

सच्छच्छलापिपितं पात्रं खल्वयन्त्रपमिोच्यते ॥ (र त 4/53)

A bigger sized, strong ‘Pestle & Mortar’, usually made of stone

or iron, either in circular or in elliptical shape with even inner
surface is called as ‘Khalva Yantra’

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 9

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Shape : Circular or elliptical

Made with : Stone or iron

Structure : bigger, strong (Inner surface – soft &

smooth)

Types : Vartulaakaara , Droniroopa

Usage : Pounding or triturating different types of

herbal and mineral drugs

TYPES

खल्वयन्त्रुं दत्रधा प्रोक्तुं रसाददसखर्दम िे ॥ (R.S.S 9/81)

Acc. to this reference Khalva Yantra is of 3 types:

1. Ardhachandrakara
2. Vartula
3. Tapta

On the basis of materials used for the preparation of the

Khalva Yantra

1. Loha Khalva
2. Pashana Khalva

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3. Mrinmaya Khalva

On the basis of shape of khalva yantra (R.T 4/55)

खल्वयन्त्रुं दिधा प्रोक्तुं रसतन्त्रे दवशेषत: ।

प्रर्र्ुं वतमलाकारुं द्रोणीरुपुं दितीयकर्् ॥ (र.त 4/55)

1. Vartulaakara Khalva yantra (Circular)

2. Droneeroopa khalva (Elliptical)

These are the khalva yantra which are using for all the
pharmaceutical procedures.

VARTULAKARA KHALVA YANTRA

दवस्तारे तपिाङ् गल: सर्तलो िीलाब्जतल्यप्रभ: ।

दिम्नत्वे च िवाङ् गल: सर्सृणो रुद्राङ् गलोच्छायवाि् ॥

दभत्त्या ियङ् गलसुंदर्त: खल यर्ा चेन्द्राङ् गलो र्षमक: ।

खल्वोऽयुं खल दिगददत: सूतादददसद्धद्धप्रद: ॥ (R.T 4/56)

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• Vartula khalva yantra is having 12 × 4 (D × D) angula &

made up from smooth stone
• The base of the pestle should be flat and the grip of handle
is proper
• Pestle – 14 angula in length (R.T 4/56)

Shape : Elliptical

Made : Stone/Iron
with

Height : 7 angula

Length : 16 angula

Width : 12 angula

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Thickness : 2 inch
(wall)

Structure : body should be uniform, soft

Pestle
(Peshini)

Made : Stone/Iron
With

Length : 12 angula

Usage : Pounding & trituration

DRONEEROOPA KHALVA YANTRA

उत्सेधे तरङ्गागल: खल कलातल्याङ् गल्यश्चायतौ दवस्तारे

तपिाङ्गलश्च र्सृण दभत्या च वै ियङ् गल: ।

र्षम: सूयमसर्ाङ् गल: सदवशदो लोहादददभदिदर्मत: खल्वोऽयुं

रसदसद्धद्धकृदिगाददतो द्रोणीदिभोऽत्यत्तर्: ।। (R.T 4/57)

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 13

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Shape : Elliptical

Made with : Stone/Iron

Height : 7 angula

Length : 16 angula

Width : 12 angula

Thickness : 2 inch
(wall)

Structure : body should be uniform , soft

Pestle
(Peshini)

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 14

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Made With : Stone/Iron

Length : 12 angula

Usage : Pounding & trituration

TAPTA KHALVA YANTRA

लोहो िवाङ् गल: खल्लो दिम्नत्वे च षडङ् गल: ।

र्दम कोऽष्टाङ् गलश्चै व तप्तखल्लादभर्ोऽप्ययर्् ॥ (RRS 9/85)

Shape :

Made with : Iron/carbon steel

Height : angula

Length : 9 angula (18cms)

Width & depth : 6 angula (12cms)

Pestle (Peshini)

Made With : Iron / carbon steel

Length : 8 angula (16cms)

Usage : Parada shodhana

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✓ This khalva yantra is placed over an iron stand specially

meant to place this yantra.

✓ While trituration process is carried out, the ‘glowing

charcoal’ are placed in a ‘sarava’ & kept beneath the khalva
yantra.

✓ The heat generates below keeps the yantra warm the yantra
warm and assists

DOLA YANTRA

✓ द्रवद्रव्ये ण भाण्डस्य पूररताधोदकस्य च ।

र्खस्योभयतो िारियुं कृत्वा प्रयत्नत: ॥

तयोस्त दिदिपेद्दण्डुं तन्मध्ये रसपोट्टलीर्् ।

बद् वा त स्वेदयेदेतद्दोलायन्त्रदर्दत स्मृतर्् ॥ (RRS 9/3-4)

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Dola yantra is an apparatus used for Shodhana process of Rasa

aushadha, in which drug containing pottali to be suspended like

dola (swing) in particular liquid media for specific time.

Use: SWEDANA & SHODHANA of Rasa aushadha

• A pot is taken & 2 small holes are made at the neck of the

pot opposite to each other

• So as to insert a rod in these holes to hang or suspend the

pottali like a swing inside the liquid in such a way that it

may not touch the bottom by means of a thread

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• Liquid is filled up to the pottali should be immersed

properly into it.

• Then mild heat is applied from below just sufficient to

maintain boiling of the liquid inside the pot

• There is a difference of opinion amongst different scholars

regarding the amount of liquid media filled in the pot.

• Here in this reference (RRS 9/3-4), liquid should be filled

half to the pot & in the commentary of D.A Kulkarni to this

verse;

• Liquid should be filled 16 times to the drug

• Though liquid should be filled like that pottali is immersed

properly & maintain the level by adding liquid in between

the process.

• This process is carried out in open boiling not covered with

lid.

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GHATA YANTRA

चतष्प्रस्र्जलाधारश्चतरङ् गदलकाऽऽिि: ।

र्टयन्त्रदर्दुं प्रोक्तुं तदाप्यायिकुं स्मृतर्् ॥ (R.R.S 9/51)

The pot which has capacity of 4 prashtha (768mg) liquid & the

mouth of pot is 4 angula is known as Ghata yantra or

Apyayanaka

Use : For filling any liquid material

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SWEDANI YANTRA

साम्बस्र्ालीर्खाबद्धे वस्त्रे पाक्युं दिवेशयेत् ।

दपधाय पच्यते यत्र स्वेदिीयन्त्रर्च्यते ॥ (RRS 9/5)

Swedani yantra is an apparatus used for purification or

fermentation process of rasa oushadha in which drug is put

over the cloth & to be fermented through vapours of boiling

liquid media for specific time.

• An earthen pot is filled with liquid media & its mouth is

covered with cloth

• Then material is placed on that cloth & closed with sharava.

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 20

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• That apparatus is subjected for specific time of heating

• Due to boiling of liquid media, drug is fermented through

vapors & gets soften

• Mild heat should be maintained to avoid the liquid media

reach up to the cloth

PATANA YANTRA

The ‘Patana procedure’ & the ‘Patana yantra’ are the

rudimentary forms of present – day ‘distillation process’ &

‘simple distillation apparatuses’.

As per our classics there are 3 types of ‘patana yantra’ as

mentioned below:

1. Urdhva Patana Yantra

2. Adhah Patana Yantra

3. Tiryak Patana yantra

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URDHVAPATANA YANTRA

• Urdhva patana yantra is an apparatus used for upper

sublimation of parada in which unequal size of 2 pots are

put inversely.

• It is also known as patana yantra

• 2 unequal sizes of pots are taken

• Among them upper earthen pot has the base of 16 angula

size with 10×8×4 (l×b×h) angula size of Toyadhara which

is prepared on the base of this pot

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• Lower pot is taken smaller to the upper pot is inversely put

on it.

• The conjoining space of both the pots is sealed with

mahisha ksheera, churna, mandora and phanita.

• Now this set of apparatus is put on fire and filled water in

toyadhara.

• As a result of heating, water becomes hot and is replaced

constantly by cold water

• The patana yantra is described by the name of urdhva patana

yantra in the later text like Ayurveda prakasha

USE – Upward sublimation of mercury from hingula & patana

samskara of parada

ADHAH PATANA YANTRA

• Adhah patina yantra is an apparatus used for downward

sublimation of parada in which 2 pots are put inversely

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• 2 unequal sizes of earthen pots are taken

• Water is filled in lower pot & inversely put on lower pot.

• The conjoining space of both the pots is sealed with mud or

any specific material

• Now heating is given to upper pot by means of cow dung

cakes and Hg is obtained in lower pot by condensing of

Hg vapours in the H2O

USE – Downward sublimation of mercury from hingula &

patana samskara of parada

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 24

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TIRYAK PATANA YANTRA

• Tiryak yantra is an apparatus used for transverse

sublimation of parada

• In modern science ‘Tiryak patana’ is described as an

independent process known as ‘Distillation’

• The paste of Hingula or other material is applied in big

earthen pot & hole is made at the neck of this pot so as to

insert a tube in this hole & connect with the hole of other

pot which is kept at lower level in transverse state.

• Lower small pot is filled with water for condensing

• The mouth of both the pots is sealed with earthen saucer.

• Heat is given to big pot & due to heating vaporized

mercury is collected through the tube by condensation in

small pot.

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USE – Transverse sublimation of mercury from hingula &

patana samskara of parada

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DISTILLATION APPARATUS

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DAMARU YANTRA

• Damaru yantra is an apparatus used for sublimation of

parada in which 2 same sizes of earthen pots are put

inversely onto each other.

• Damaru yantra is named as it resembles like the musical

instrument of Lord Shiva

यन्त्रस्र्ाल्यपरर स्र्ालीुं न्यब्जाुं दत्त्वा दिरुन्ध्येत् ।

यन्त्रुं डर्रुकाख्युं तद्रसभस्मकृते दहतर्् ॥ (RRS 9/58)

• From 2 earthen pots, the paste of drugs i.e, Hingula,Somala

(Gouripashana – arsenenious trioxide – As2O3) are applied

in the lower pot with same size is inversely put on it.

• The joint of both the pots are sealed properly with clay

• Now, it is put on fire and condensed upper pot by wet

cloth

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 28

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USES

• Upper sublimation of mercury, arsenic etc drugs.

• Preparation of Hingulotta parada and rasa bhasma

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STHALI YANTRA

• Sthali Yantra is an apparatus in which the paste of Tamra etc.

is applied in the pot, covered by sharava and applied heat

from the below.

• Sthali (Pot) is used for process, hence it is known as sthali

yantra

स्र्ाल्याुं ताम्रादद दिदिप्य र्ल्लेिाऽऽस्युं दिरुद्धय च ।

पच्यते स्र्ादलकाधस्तात्स्र्ालीयन्त्रदर्दुं स्मृतर्् ॥ (RRS 9/67)

• Sthali (earthen pot) containing the paste of tamra, somala etc

is closed by sharava with clay.

• Then this apparatus is place on fire for heating

USES

• For paka of tamra etc. drugs

• For gandhaka jarana

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 30

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PALIKA YANTRA

• Palika yantra is an apparatus used for gandhaka jarana in

iron cup with long curved handle

चषकुं वतमलुं लौहुं दविताग्रोवमदण्डकर्् ।

एताद्धद्ध पादलकायन्त्रुं बदलजारणहे तवे ॥ (RRS 9/50)
• Loha chashaka (iron cup) is attached to long iron handle

with a curved on its upper end

• Sulphur is put in loha chashaka and melted on fire

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USES:

• For Gandhaka jarana, preparation of rasa parpati

• Used in preparation of varatika bhasma (acc.to RSS)

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DARVIKA YANTRA

चषकुं ददवमकाकल्पुं दीधमहस्तकसुंयक्तर्् ।

ददवमकायन्त्रर्ेतद्धद्ध गन्धशोधिसाधकर्् ॥ (R.T 4/39)

• Darvika yantra is a simple tablespoon used in kitchens but

of the bigger size

• The spoon should be made of iron or steel

• Its head should have a strong, deeper bowl like structure

• Its handle should be strong & long (1 to 1.5 hastha/ 18 to

27 inches)

USES :

• Melting gandhaka, naga, vanga etc during their shodhana

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BHUDHARA YANTRA

• Mercurial drugs containing closed crucible is kept in a pit

and heating is provided on the surface of the earth through

valuka.

• Hence it is known as bhudhara yantra

वालकागूढसवाम ङ्गाुं गते र्ूषाुं रसाद्धितार्् ।

ददप्तोत्पलै: सुंवृणयाद्यान्त्रुं तद् भूधाराह्यायर्् ॥ (RRS 9/44)

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• A wide and circular earthen vessel of cylindrical bucket

like structure is selected.

• At its base, 2 angula valuka (sand) is spread

• Above that, the tightly enclosed and sealed sharava

containing medicine is firmly placed.

• Above and all sides of the sharava, 2 angula thick sand is

filled

• Above this sand the specified no:of dry cow dung cakes are

placed and ignited. This is called as Bhudhara Yantra

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• Instead of using earthen vessel, small sized ‘pit’ may be

done in the ground and the same remaining procedure may

be carried out .

• If done so, the name ‘bhudhara yantra’ suits better to this

yantra

USES : Preparation of rasa bhasma

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PATALA YANTRA

• Patala yantra is an apparatus used for extraction for the oil

from the oily substances in the pot which is put under the

earth

• Here the finished product (oil) is collected under the earth

(patala) , so it is known as patala yantra

• A big pot is taken and filled with the material from which

oil is to be extracted

• The opening of the pot is 1st closed with an iron mesh and

covered by the other vessel with tightly sealed

• 1 hastha (18 inc) of garta (pit) is prepared and put this set

of apparatus in such a way that material containing big pot

is placed under the earth

• Heat is given to the big pot by cow dung cakes and after

self – cooling oil is to be collected from the lower vessel

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VALUKA YANTRA

• A glass bottle (kacha kupi), which is lengthy with elongated

neck, which has round and firm base with amber colour is

selected

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• It is covered with 7 layers of wet cloth smeared with mud

and dried as explained in references

• 1/3rd of the bottle is filled with ‘parada’ & other required

drugs and kept ready

• A 12 angula deep and wide strong iron ‘cylindrical

bucket’ like vessel is taken

• On its outer surface, 2 to 3 layers of wet mud and cloth

is put

• At the base of this vessel 2 angula, dry and clean sand is

put

• Over this the earlier prepared bottle is firmly placed at the

centre of the vessel

• Later on all sides of the bottle, the sand is carefully filled

upto its neck level

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• Now the vessel is carefully placed over ‘Bhatti’ (oven) and

the heat of required intensity is applied for stipulated time.

• This type of yantra is called as ‘valuka yantra’

USE :

• Gandhaka jarana, sindoora Kalpana like rasasindoora ,

makaradwaja, mallasindoora etc.

• Bhasma like rasa bhasma, tamra bhasma etc

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LAVANA YANTRA

लवणस्य च दििेपादे वुं लवणयन्त्रकर्् ।

प्रकीदतमतुं दभषग्वयैर्ृमगाङ्काददरसार्मकर्् ॥ (RT.4/32)

• Lavana yantra is the same as ‘Valuka yantra’ explained

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• The only change here in ‘valuka yantra’ is, instead of valuka

(sand), lavana(salt) is filled around the bottle in the

cylindrical iron vessel

• All the procedure of heat application is also same

• This is used for ‘mringanka rasa’ and such other preparations

BHASMA YANTRA

• If bhasma of any dry wood is filled in place of valuka or

lavana in the above yantra, it will be ‘Bhasma Yantra’

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KACHCHAPA YANTRA

• A wide circucular (earthen or of any metal) measuring 15

to 20 angula width is selected

• ½ of the vessel is filled with water

• Another similar vessel comparatively smaller than the earlier

one, which can float in the water of the earlier vessel is

selected

• Now, the crucible filled with the medicine (parada or

gandhaka etc) is placed in the middle of the smaller vessel

and it is covered inverted with a strong earthen lid

• Above by lid on all sides in the small vessel, the charcoal is

filled and ignited

• This yantra is called as kachchapa yantra

• As it is looks like kachchapa (Back portion of tortoise) , it

is called as Kachchapa yantra

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• This yantra is prominently used for gandhaka jarana and it is

also called as jala – kurma yantra by some other authors

TULA YANTRA

• 2 even sized vrintaka musha are taken

• At the neck of both theses crucibles, a hole is made on one

side and a thin ‘metal pipe’ of required length is fixed

• The pipe connecting place and the pipe’s outer surface is

properly smeared with met mud and dried

• Now, in one crucible, ‘Sudha gandhaka’ and in another

‘Sudha parada’ are put in desired ratios and the vrinthaka

musha are closed with their lids, sealed with wet mud and

dried

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• Since the shape of this apparatus appears like that of the

physical balance, it is called as ‘tula yantra’

• Later, this entire apparatus is placed in a ‘valuka yantra’

and subjected for intense heat

• Here the vapours of Sudha gandhaka travel through the

pipe into another crucible containing ‘Sudha parada’

and will be digested in it.

• This yantra in olden days was used for the purpose of

‘gandhaka jarana’

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VIDHYADHARA YANTRA

चषकुं ददवमकाकल्पुं दीधमहस्तकसुंयक्तर्् ।

ददवमकायन्त्रर्ेतद्धद्ध गन्धशोधिसाधकर्् ॥ R.T 4/39

Vidhyadhara yantra is an apparatus used for sublimation of

parada in which 2 earthen pots are put in same direction and

heating is given by 4 opening hearths

• The paste of drugs (hingula, somala etc) are applied in lower

pot and put another pot of same size in same direction

• The joint of both the pots are sealed properly with clay

• Keep on 4 opening hearths (chullika) for strong heating

• Upper pot is filled with water

• With intense heat mercury from hingula rises up and adheres

at the base of upper pot in droplet form

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• Mercury is collected when it’s cool on its own. (Hingulottha

parada)

PUTA YANTRA

• Rasaushadha are closed in sharava samputa and heated for 2

yaama in karisha agni

• This yantra is known as puta yantra

शरावसम्पटान्त:स्र्ुं करीषेष्वदिर्ािदवत् ।

पचेच्चल्ल्ाुं दियार्ुं वा रसुं तत्पटयन्त्रकर्् ॥ (RRS 9/45)

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 47

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• The material is taken in one sharava , cover it with another

and made sharava samputa

• Keep inside karisha agni for 2 yaama in a furnace (puta)

• It is usually used to apply heat to loha, abhraka and such

other drugs

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ELECTRIC MUFFLE FURNACE

MODERN PHARMACEUTICAL INSTRUMENTS

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ELECTRONIC CHEMICAL BALANCE

KASHAYA VESSEL

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TABLET PUNCHING MACHINE

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LEHYAM FILLING MACHINE

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Long Essays

1. Define Yantra and Write in detail about Vidhyadhara yantra,

Tiryak patana yantra, Dola yantra and ulukhala yantra with
specific uses
2. Define Yantra. Enumerate different Yantras explained in
Rasashastra texts and explain any 4 yantras with their utility
3. Explain Yantras required for parada ashtasamskaras and
write their importance in each of those ashta samskaras
4. Definition, enumeration and importance of yantra and
explain patana yantra

Short Essays

1. Tiryak Patana Yantra

2. Describe Valuka Yantra
3. Define and explain importance of yantras with an example
of damaru yantra
4. Dola yantra
5. Nirmana and upayoga of vidhyadhara yantra
6. Construction of Damaru yantra and its uses
7. Explain in brief regarding patala yantra

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Short Answers

1. Bhudhara Yantra
2. Damaru Yantra
3. Tapta Khalva
4. Samputa yantra (puta yantra)
5. Vidhyadhara yantra
6. Yantra
7. Use of dola yantra and patana yantra
8. Uses of swedani yantra

Dr.Saranya Sasi MD(Ayu) Dept.of RSBK SSRAMC & H Inchal Belgaum 56