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Symbols

 HTML Charset is also called HTML Character Sets or HTML Encoding.

 It is used to display an HTML page properly and correctly because for
displaying anything correctly, a web browser must know which character
set (character encoding) to use.
 The web browser displays the alphabets, numbers and some other
symbols correctly.
 This is all possible because of the required character set that web browser
uses.
 The character set or character encoding has different character encoding
standards which assign some numbers to these character set which can
be used in the internet.

 ASCII
 American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ANSII) created
this character encoding.
 This character encoding are used in C/C++ programming. It has 128
alphanumeric characters consisting of alphabets(A-Z) and (a-z) and
some special symbols like + – * / ( ) @ etc.

 ANSI(Windows-1252)
 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) created character
encoding supported 256 characters.
 It is used as default character set in Microsoft Windows.

 ISO-8859-1
 It is used as default character set of HTML4 and also supports 256
characters.

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 The International Standards Organization (ISO) defines the standard

character sets for different alphabets/languages.
 It contains numbers, upper and lowercase English letters, and some
special characters.

 UTF-8
 UTF-8 and UTF-16 standards was developed by Unicode Consortium,
because the ISO-8859 character-sets are limited, and not compatible a
multilingual environment.
 It consists all the character and punctuation symbols.

 Attribute
Web browser must know the character encoding standard used in the
html page and this we do as given below.

Examples:
HTML4
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1">
HTML5
<meta charset="UTF-8">

NOTE: The first values from 0 to 127 are considered as the "Standard" ASCII
character set.
Characters with values from 128 to 255 are the "Extended" Character set.

 Character set for different character encoding standard:

Following list shows different character encoding standards with their
characters and their assigned number codes.

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Table 1(ASCII Device Control Characters): This table contains

Characters which are designed to control hardware devices.These are also
known as control characters.

NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

00 NUL null character

01 SOH start of header

02 STX start of text

03 ETX end of text

04 EOT end of transmission

05 ENQ enquiry

06 ACK acknowledge

07 BEL bell(ring)

08 BS backspace

09 HT horizontal tab

10 LF line feed

11 VT vertical tab

12 FF form feed

13 CR carriage return

14 SO shift out

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NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

15 SI shift in

16 DLE data link escape

17 DC1 device contyrol 1

18 DC2 device contyrol 2

19 DC3 device contyrol 3

20 DC4 device contyrol 4

21 NAK negative acknowledge

22 SYN synchronize

23 ETB end transmission block

24 CAN cancel

25 EM end of medium

26 SUB substitute

27 ESC escape

28 FS file separator

29 GS group separator

30 RS record separator

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NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

31 US unit separator

127 DEL delete

Table 2: This table contains characters having the same numbers assigned
in different character encoding.

NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

32 Space

33 ! Exclamation Mark

34 “ Quotation Mark

35 # Hash Sign

36 $ Dollar Sign

37 % Percent Sign

38 & Ampersand Sign

39 ‘ Apostrophe Sign

40 ( Opening Paranthesis

41 ) Closing Parenthesis

42 * Asterisk Sign

43 + Plus Sign

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NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

44 , Comma

45 – Hyphen/minus Sign

46 . Full-stop

47 / Slash/Divide Sign

48 0 Number Zero

49 1 Number One

50 2 Number Two

51 3 Number Three

52 4 Number Four

53 5 Number Five

54 6 Number Six

55 7 Number Seven

56 8 Number Eight

57 9 Number Nine

58 : Colon

59 ; Semicolon

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NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

60 < Lessthan Sign

61 = Equalto Sign

62 > Greaterthan Sign

63 ? Question Mark

64 @ at Sign

65 A Letter A

66 B Letter B

67 C Letter C

68 D Letter D

69 E Letter E

70 F Letter F

71 G Letter G

72 H Letter H

73 I Letter I

74 J Letter J

75 K Letter K

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NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

76 L Letter L

77 M Letter M

78 N Letter N

79 O Letter O

80 P Letter P

81 Q Letter Q

82 R Letter R

83 S Letter S

84 T Letter T

85 U Letter U

86 V Letter V

87 W Letter W

88 X Letter X

89 Y Letter Y

90 Z Letter Z

91 [ Opening Square Bracket

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NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

92 \ Backslash

93 ] Closing Square Bracket

94 ^ Circumflex Accent

95 _ Low Line

96 ` Grave Accent

97 a Letter a

98 b Letter b

99 c Letter c

100 d Letter d

101 e Letter e

102 f Letter f

103 g Letter g

104 h Letter h

105 i Letter i

106 j Letter j

107 k Letter k

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NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

108 l Letter l

109 m Letter m

110 n Letter n

111 o Letter o

112 p Letter p

113 q Letter q

114 r Letter r

115 s Letter s

116 t Letter t

117 u Letter u

118 v Letter v

119 w Letter w

120 x Letter x

121 y Letter y

122 z Letter z

123 { Opening Curly Bracket

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NUMBER CHARACTER DESCRIPTION

124 | Vertical Line

125 } Closing Curly Bracket

126 ~ Tilde

127 DEL delete

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