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Problem Sheet 1

The document is a problem sheet for Math 104, containing various mathematical assertions and problems related to vector spaces, linear independence, and subspaces. It includes tasks such as determining the truth of assertions, proving properties of vector spaces, and finding bases for given sets. The problems cover concepts such as linear combinations, dimensions, and specific examples of vector spaces over different fields.

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4 views1 page

Problem Sheet 1

The document is a problem sheet for Math 104, containing various mathematical assertions and problems related to vector spaces, linear independence, and subspaces. It includes tasks such as determining the truth of assertions, proving properties of vector spaces, and finding bases for given sets. The problems cover concepts such as linear combinations, dimensions, and specific examples of vector spaces over different fields.

Uploaded by

jigeli3360
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Sheet 1, Math 104

1. Determine whether the following assertion are true or false giving brief justifications:
(a) The empty set is a subspace of every vector space.
(b) Any non-zero vector space over R has infinitely many distinct vectors.
(c) The set of all non-invertible matrices in Mn (F) is a subspace.
(d) Let a be a fixed real number. For any x, y, α ∈ R define x ⊕ y = x + y − a and α ⊙ x = αx + a(1 − α). Then, R is a
vector space over itself with respect to ⊕ and ⊙.
(e) Consider the set of real numbers in the open interval (−1, 1). For any x, y ∈ (−1, 1) and for any α ∈ R, define
x+y (1 + x)α − (1 − x)α
x⊕y = and α ⊙ x = . Then, (−1, 1) is a vector space over R with respect to ⊕ and ⊙.
1 + xy (1 + x)α + (1 − x)α
2. Let V be a vector space. Suppose v, w ∈ V . Explain why there exists a unique x ∈ V such that v + 3x = w.

3. Determine whether or not the set n     o


2 1 0 1 1 1
, ,
1 0 1 2 1 1
is linearly independent over Z5 .
4. Suppose u, v ∈ V , a vector space over a field F. If F = R, then show that {u, v} is linearly independent if and only if
{u + v, u − v} is linearly independent. What happens when F = Z2 ?

5. If {u, v, w} is a linearly independent subset of a vector space, show that {u, u + v, u + v + w} is also linearly independent.
 
x −x
6. Let V be the vector space of all 2 × 2 matrices over the field F. Let W1 be the set of matrices of the form and
  y z
a b
let W2 be the set of matrices of the form .
−a c

(a) Prove that W1 and W2 are subspaces of V .


(b) Is W1 ∪ W2 subspace of V ?
7. Let P = {(a, b, c) | a, b, c ∈ R, a = 2b + 3c}. Prove that P is a subspace of R3 . Find a basis for P . Give a geometric
description of P .
8. If V is a vector space of dimension n over the field Zp , how many elements are in V ?

9. Prove that the real vector space of all continuous real-valued functions on the interval [0, 1] is infinite-dimensional.
10. Suppose V = R4 and U is a subspace spanned by the vectors
         
1 1 1 1 2
 2  2  4   1  5
 , , , , 
 2  1  2   2  0
−1 1 −4 −1 2

Find the basis of U .

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