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Computer Hardware Components and Functions 1748344898

The document explores essential computer hardware components, including the CPU, motherboard, memory, storage, graphics processing units, and input/output components, highlighting their functions and examples. It emphasizes the significance of these components in driving a $411 billion global market and the importance of system integration for optimal performance. Future trends such as AI accelerators and quantum computing are also mentioned as considerations for system builds.

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yhawkhing648
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2 views8 pages

Computer Hardware Components and Functions 1748344898

The document explores essential computer hardware components, including the CPU, motherboard, memory, storage, graphics processing units, and input/output components, highlighting their functions and examples. It emphasizes the significance of these components in driving a $411 billion global market and the importance of system integration for optimal performance. Future trends such as AI accelerators and quantum computing are also mentioned as considerations for system builds.

Uploaded by

yhawkhing648
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Hardware:

Components & Functions


Explore the essential physical components that make computers work,
driving a $411 billion global market.

We'll cover key hardware categories, their functions, and practical


examples to understand the building blocks of modern computing.

kB
by kodzo Duncan Baidu

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Central Processing Unit
(CPU)
The "Brain" Clock Multi-Core
Speeds
Processes Measured in 2-64 cores for
instructions GHz (e.g., 3.0- parallel
and performs 5.0 GHz). processing.
calculations.

Key
Examples
Intel Core i9,
AMD Ryzen 9,
Apple M2.

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Motherboard: The System's Foundation
Main Circuit Board Component Hub Data Pathways System Initialization
Connects all hardware Houses CPU, RAM, and Uses buses for inter-
components. expansion ports. component BIOS/CMOS for startup
communication. processes.

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Memory and Storage
RAM (Random Access Memory)
Temporary, volatile storage (4-64GB typical) for active programs.

Hard Disk Drives (HDD)


1-18TB capacity for long-term storage.

Solid State Drives (SSD)


250GB-4TB, 5x faster than HDDs for rapid data access.

Optical Drives
CD/DVD/Blu-ray for media and backups.

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Graphics Processing
Components
1 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
Handles image and video rendering with dedicated VRAM.

2 Video/Graphics Card
Expansion card containing GPU and VRAM.

3 Integrated Graphics
Graphics built directly into the CPU or motherboard.

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Input/Output (I/O)
Components
Power Supply Unit Sound Card
(PSU) Provides audio processing
Converts AC to DC power for (often integrated on
components (400-850 watts motherboards).
typical).

Network Interface Card (NIC)


Enables network/internet connectivity (Ethernet/Wi-Fi).

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Connection Ports and
Interfaces
These interfaces are crucial for connecting peripherals and ensuring high-
speed data transfer within the system.

USB Ports
Connect peripherals and storage; USB 3.2 offers 20 Gbps.

SATA Connectors
Connect hard drives/optical drives at 6 Gbps (SATA III).

PCI and PCI Express


Expansion slots for cards; PCIe 4.0 provides 16 GB/s
bandwidth.

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The Complete System:
Putting It All Together

$411B
Global hardware market value (2024).

18
Months for computing power to double (Moore's Law).

All components work as an integrated system, where performance relies


on balance.

Consider future trends like AI accelerators and quantum computing for


your next system build.
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