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The document discusses various topics related to computer systems, including interrupt-based mechanisms, serial communication, scheduling algorithms like Rate Monotonic Scheduling and Earliest Deadline First, and the importance of interrupts. It poses questions about interrupt controllers, time calculations for handling interrupts, and character transmission rates for different serial lines. Additionally, it includes a pseudocode example for a temperature-controlled embedded system.

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Vedant Ramos4
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10 views2 pages

Questions

The document discusses various topics related to computer systems, including interrupt-based mechanisms, serial communication, scheduling algorithms like Rate Monotonic Scheduling and Earliest Deadline First, and the importance of interrupts. It poses questions about interrupt controllers, time calculations for handling interrupts, and character transmission rates for different serial lines. Additionally, it includes a pseudocode example for a temperature-controlled embedded system.

Uploaded by

Vedant Ramos4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Interrupt-Based Mechanism Questions:


A computer system uses an interrupt-based mechanism to handle device requests efficiently
instead of polling. The system has 10 external peripherals (keyboard, mouse, printer, etc.), each
generating interrupts at unpredictable times. To manage this, an interrupt controller is used,
which can handle 8 interrupt lines per controller. The CPU operates at 2 GHz, and the interrupt
handling process includes the following steps:

Interrupt Recognition: 10 clock cycles

Saving CPU State: 15 clock cycles

Executing Interrupt Handler: 40 clock cycles

Restoring CPU State: 12 clock cycles

Questions:

How many interrupt controllers are required to manage all 10 peripherals?

Calculate the total time taken (in nanoseconds) to handle one interrupt.

If polling was used instead, where each device was checked every 3 milliseconds with each
check taking 150 microseconds, how much total CPU time is wasted per second?

2. Serial Communication Question:


Consider an embedded system where the serial interface at the transmitter divides the data
stream into packets and encapsulates them as frames with 1 start and 1 stop bit. Assume that
the number of bits per character is 30. Find out the number of characters per second that can
be transmitted through:

Asynchronous serial lines with a 4800 bps baud rate.

Synchronous serial lines with a 4800 bps baud rate.

3. Rate Monotonic Scheduling (RMS) Feasibility Check:


Given three periodic tasks:

T1 (Execution Time: 1ms, Period: 4ms)

T2 (Execution Time: 2ms, Period: 6ms)

T3 (Execution Time: 4ms, Period: 12ms)


Check if the system is schedulable using Rate Monotonic Scheduling (RMS).

4. Importance of Interrupts:
Explain why interrupts are important. (3 marks)

5. Earliest Deadline First (EDF) Scheduling:


Consider two processes P1 and P2 with the following details:

P1: Period = 50, Processing Time = 25

P2: Period = 75, Processing Time = 30

Analyze the scheduling using the EDF (Earliest Deadline First) algorithm.

6. Temperature-Controlled Embedded System Pseudocode:


In a temperature-controlled embedded system, if the sensor gives a value of 38°C, the fan must
turn ON. Write a simple pseudocode logic to demonstrate input processing and output control.

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