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Programming Languages Handout

The document provides an overview of five programming languages: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, C#, and C++. It outlines their basic structures, core elements, key concepts, and common uses in web development and software applications. Each language is described in terms of its purpose and syntax, highlighting how they contribute to creating dynamic and visually appealing content.

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3 views3 pages

Programming Languages Handout

The document provides an overview of five programming languages: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, C#, and C++. It outlines their basic structures, core elements, key concepts, and common uses in web development and software applications. Each language is described in terms of its purpose and syntax, highlighting how they contribute to creating dynamic and visually appealing content.

Uploaded by

durkiolil549
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Programming Languages -

Comprehensive Handout
1. HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
HTML is the standard markup language used to create the structure of web pages.

Basic Structure:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a Heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>

Core Elements:
- <html>: Root of the document
- <head>: Metadata and links to CSS/JS
- <body>: Visible content
- <h1> to <h6>: Headings
- <p>: Paragraph
- <a>: Hyperlinks
- <img>: Images
- <div>: Division container
- <span>: Inline container

Uses: Structuring web content, embedding media, and linking documents.

2. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)


CSS is used to style HTML documents — it controls layout, colors, fonts, spacing, and
responsiveness.

Syntax:
selector { property: value; }

Types of CSS:
- Inline: style="color:blue;"
- Internal: <style> in HTML <head>
- External: Linked .css file

Key Properties:
- color, background, font-size, margin, padding, border, display, position, flexbox, grid

Uses: Creating visually attractive and responsive web designs.

3. JavaScript (JS)
JavaScript is a scripting language used to create dynamic and interactive web content.

Basic Syntax:
let x = 10;
function greet() {
alert('Hello World');
}

Main Concepts:
- Variables (var, let, const)
- Functions, Loops (for, while), Conditions (if, else)
- DOM Manipulation: document.getElementById()
- Events: onclick, onload

Uses: Form validation, dynamic updates, API calls, interactivity.

4. C# (C-Sharp)
C# is a modern, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft, commonly
used for Windows apps, web services, and games.

Basic Structure:
using System;
class Program {
static void Main() {
Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
}
}

Core Concepts:
- Classes & Objects
- Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation
- Data Types, Loops, Methods, Events

Uses: Desktop applications, Unity game development, backend services (ASP.NET).


5. C++
C++ is a powerful, high-performance language that supports both procedural and object-
oriented programming.

Basic Structure:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "Hello, World!";
return 0;
}

Key Concepts:
- Variables, Data Types
- Functions, Loops, Conditions
- Classes, Inheritance, Pointers, Templates

Uses: Game development, system/software development, high-performance applications.

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