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Data Visualization Python Basics

This document covers the basics of data visualization in Python using Matplotlib and Pandas. It includes instructions on setting up for visualization, creating simple plots, handling figures and subplots, and customizing plots with titles and styles. The module concludes with an overview of essential techniques for effective data visualization.

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Dare Devil
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5 views3 pages

Data Visualization Python Basics

This document covers the basics of data visualization in Python using Matplotlib and Pandas. It includes instructions on setting up for visualization, creating simple plots, handling figures and subplots, and customizing plots with titles and styles. The module concludes with an overview of essential techniques for effective data visualization.

Uploaded by

Dare Devil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Data Visualization Python Basics

Week 7
Data Visualization using python

Week 7: Data Visualization Using Python

Data visualization in Python is primarily done using Matplotlib and Pandas’ built-in plotting
functionalities. This week covers how to create and customize plots using these libraries.

1. Setting Up for Visualization

Before starting with plotting, the required libraries need to be imported:

python

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

Additionally, in Jupyter Notebook, `%matplotlib notebook` can be used to enable interactive plotting​.

2. Creating Simple Plots

2.1 Generating Data

To create a basic plot, data must be defined. For instance:

python

x = np.arange(10)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()

This generates a simple line plot of the sine function​.

3. Figure and Subplots

Plots are contained within a figure object, which allows multiple subplots to be placed within it.

3.1 Creating a Figure Object

python

fig = plt.figure()

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This creates an empty figure. Subplots can be added using:

python

ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 1) # (rows, columns, index)


ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 2)
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 3)
ax4 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 4)
plt.show()

This will create a 2×2 grid of subplots, where each subplot can have its own graph​.

4. Pandas’ Built-in Visualization

Pandas’ `plot()` function can quickly generate different types of plots from DataFrames.

4.1 Line Plot

python

df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(10, 4), columns=list("ABCD"))


df.plot()
plt.show()

Each column is plotted as a separate line​.

4.2 Bar Plot

python

df.plot.bar()
plt.show()

This generates a bar plot where each column is represented as bars​.

5. Customizing Plots

Matplotlib allows customization of title, labels, legends, colors, and more.

5.1 Adding Title and Labels

python

plt.plot(x, y, label="Sine Curve", color='red', linestyle='--')


plt.xlabel("X-axis")
plt.ylabel("Y-axis")
plt.title("Sine Wave Plot")
plt.legend()
plt.show()

5.2 Changing Styles

Matplotlib offers different styles, e.g.,

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python

plt.style.use("ggplot")

Other options include `"seaborn"`, `"fivethirtyeight"`, and `"classic"`.

6. Conclusion

This module covered essential Matplotlib and Pandas visualization techniques, including basic plots,
figure handling, subplots, and styling​.
Sources

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