Scribd
Upload
6 views6 pages

Class12 Physics Handwritten Ch1to5

The document covers fundamental concepts in electrostatics, current electricity, magnetism, and their mathematical formulations. Key topics include Coulomb's Law, electric fields, capacitance, Ohm's Law, magnetic forces, and the properties of magnetic materials. It provides essential equations and principles governing electric and magnetic phenomena.

Uploaded by

gamerbhai2018
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views6 pages

Class12 Physics Handwritten Ch1to5

The document covers fundamental concepts in electrostatics, current electricity, magnetism, and their mathematical formulations. Key topics include Coulomb's Law, electric fields, capacitance, Ohm's Law, magnetic forces, and the properties of magnetic materials. It provides essential equations and principles governing electric and magnetic phenomena.

Uploaded by

gamerbhai2018
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

1.

Electric Charges and Fields

<b>Coulomb’s Law:</b> F = k * q■ * q■ / r²
k = 1 / (4πε■) = 9 × 10■ Nm²/C²
<b>Electric Field:</b> E = F/q = kQ/r²
<b>Electric Dipole:</b> p = q × 2l
<b>Electric Field of Dipole:</b>
- Axial: E = (1/4πε■)(2p/r³)
- Equatorial: E = (1/4πε■)(p/r³)
<b>Electric Flux:</b> Φ = EA cosθ
<b>Gauss’s Law:</b> ■E·dA = q_enc/ε■
2. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

<b>Electric Potential:</b> V = kQ/r


<b>Potential Energy:</b> U = qV = kQq/r
<b>Capacitance:</b> C = Q/V
<b>Parallel Plate Capacitor:</b> C = ε■A/d
<b>With Dielectric:</b> C' = KC
<b>Energy Stored:</b> U = ½CV² = ½QV = ½Q²/C
<b>Series:</b> 1/C_eq = 1/C■ + 1/C■
<b>Parallel:</b> C_eq = C■ + C■
3. Current Electricity

<b>Ohm’s Law:</b> V = IR
<b>Resistance:</b> R = ρl/A
<b>Power:</b> P = VI = I²R = V²/R
<b>Drift Velocity:</b> v_d = I / (nAe)
<b>Mobility:</b> µ = |v_d| / E
<b>Current Density:</b> J = I/A
<b>Resistors:</b>
- Series: R = R■ + R■
- Parallel: 1/R = 1/R■ + 1/R■
<b>Kirchhoff’s Laws:</b>
- Junction Rule: ∑I_in = ∑I_out
- Loop Rule: ∑∆V = 0
4. Moving Charges and Magnetism

<b>Magnetic Force:</b> F = q(v × B)


<b>Wire in Magnetic Field:</b> F = I(l × B)
<b>Biot–Savart Law:</b> B = (µ■/4π)(Idl × r■)/r²
<b>Long Straight Wire:</b> B = µ■I/2πr
<b>Circular Loop:</b> B = µ■I/2R
<b>Ampere’s Law:</b> ■B·dl = µ■I
<b>Parallel Wire Force:</b> F/L = (µ■I■I■)/(2πd)
<b>Torque:</b> τ = nIBA sinθ
5. Magnetism and Matter

<b>Dipole Moment:</b> M = m × 2l
<b>Torque:</b> τ = M × B
<b>Potential Energy:</b> U = -M·B
<b>Bar Magnet:</b>
- Axial: B = (µ■/4π)(2M/r³)
- Equatorial: B = (µ■/4π)(M/r³)
<b>Magnetization:</b> M = m/V
<b>Intensity:</b> H = B/µ - M
<b>Susceptibility:</b> χ = M/H
<b>Permeability:</b> µ = µ■(1 + χ)
<b>Earth's Magnetism:</b> Declination, Inclination, Horizontal component

You might also like