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IoT Embedded Systems Answers

The document discusses emerging trends in Information Technology, focusing on the Internet of Things (IoT) and Embedded Systems. It defines key concepts, components, communication models, and applications, while also comparing various technologies such as REST API and WebSocket API. Additionally, it highlights challenges in IoT and provides examples of IoT devices.

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5 views4 pages

IoT Embedded Systems Answers

The document discusses emerging trends in Information Technology, focusing on the Internet of Things (IoT) and Embedded Systems. It defines key concepts, components, communication models, and applications, while also comparing various technologies such as REST API and WebSocket API. Additionally, it highlights challenges in IoT and provides examples of IoT devices.

Uploaded by

anupsambhex545
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Emerging Trends in Information Technology - IoT & Embedded Systems (Exam-Oriented Answers)

Q1) Define Internet of Things (IoT).

IoT is a system where physical objects (things) are connected to the internet and can collect, send,

and receive data. Examples include smart homes, smart cities, and wearable devices.

Q2) Define Embedded System.

An Embedded System is a computer system designed to perform a specific task within a larger

system. It is a combination of hardware and software.

Q3) Write components required to design Embedded System.

1. Sensor and Actuators

2. Microcontroller/Microprocessor

3. Memory (RAM/ROM)

4. Power Supply

5. Communication Interfaces

Q4) Enlist various communication models of IoT & explain any one.

1. Device-to-Device

2. Device-to-Cloud

3. Device-to-Gateway

4. Back-End Data Sharing

Explanation of Device-to-Cloud: Devices connect directly to cloud platforms using internet protocols

and send data to be stored or analyzed.

Q5) Differentiate between REST API and WebSocket API.


| Feature | REST API | WebSocket API |

|-----------------|--------------------|--------------------------|

| State | Stateless | Stateful |

| Speed | Slower | Faster |

| Memory Usage | Low | High |

| Transmission | One-way (request-response) | Two-way (full-duplex) |

Q6) Explain Physical Design of IoT.

The physical design includes actual hardware components used in IoT such as sensors, actuators,

embedded devices, gateways, and connectivity modules.

Q7) Application areas of Embedded System.

1. Automotive (Airbags, ABS)

2. Consumer Electronics (TV, Washing Machine)

3. Healthcare (Heart Monitors)

4. Industrial Automation (Robotics)

Q8) Distinguish between ARM microcontroller and PIC microcontroller.

| Feature | ARM | PIC |

|-----------------|---------------------|--------------------------|

| Architecture | 32-bit | 8/16/32-bit |

| Speed | High | Moderate |

| Power Efficiency | High | Low to Moderate |

| Used In | Smartphones | Simple automation tasks |

Q9) Distinguish between General Purpose Computing System and Embedded System.

| Feature | General Purpose System | Embedded System |


|--------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------|

| Purpose | Multiple tasks | Specific task |

| User Interface | Yes | May or may not have |

| Flexibility | High | Low |

| Example | Laptop, Desktop | Microwave, ATM |

Q10) What are different layers of the IoT protocol stack?

1. Perception Layer - Sensing the environment

2. Network Layer - Data transmission

3. Middleware Layer - Data processing and management

4. Application Layer - End-user services

Q11) Intended purposes of Embedded System.

- To control, monitor or assist the operation of equipment or machinery in real-time.

Q12) Differentiate between REST API and WebSocket API.

| Basis | REST API | WebSocket API |

|------------------|------------------|-------------------|

| State | Stateless | Stateful |

| Speed | Low | High |

| Memory | Less | More |

| Transmission | One-way | Two-way |

Q13) Most common IoT Application.

Smart Home - Allows remote control of devices like lights, fans, AC, and security cameras using a

smartphone or voice assistant.


Q14) Distinguish between Von-Neumann and Harvard Architecture.

| Feature | Von-Neumann | Harvard |

|---------------------|------------------------|-----------------------------|

| Memory | Single for data & code | Separate for data & code |

| Speed | Slower | Faster |

| Complexity | Simple | Complex |

Q15) Enlist IoT Issues and Challenges.

1. Security and Privacy

2. Power Management

3. Data Storage and Processing

4. Standardization and Compatibility

Q16) Enlist various IoT Devices.

1. Smart Thermostat

2. Smart Watch

3. Fitness Tracker

4. Smart Camera

5. Smart Plug

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