Ch 1 Force

Question Bank
Line of action: The line which is passing through the point of application to the force.
Question
Iqbal and Peter carry a 60 kg bag of cement by means of 2.4m long pole at what
distance from Iqbal must the bag be suspended so that he may carry 2/3 of the load
neglecting the mass of the pole.

2,4m
P I

bag
x
I
P

Solution
Let the bag hang from the Iqbal is at = x m.
Bag and Iqbal will produce anti clockwise moment about ‘I’
Peter produces clockwise moment about ‘I’.
According to principle of moments
Sum of clockwise moment = Sum of anticlockwise moments.
2/3 x 60 = 40kg will be carried by Iqbal (direction of force is in the upward direction)
1/3 x 60 = 20kg will be carried by Peter(direction of force is in the upward direction)
Direction of 60kg is in downward direction.
60 x ‘x’ +40 x 0 = 20 x 2.4
x = 0.8 m
From Iqbal bag must be hanged at 0.8m
Question
A 50 kg mass is being lifted by using 1 m long lever. If the length of the lever is reduced by
20%,how much more or less force is to be applied to achieve the same torque?
Answer
Torque = 50kgf x 1m = 50kgf-m
20% of 1m = 0.2m
New length of the rod = 1m – 0.2m = 0.8m
50kgf-m = 0.8 x F
F = 62.5kgf.
It is more

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Question
The diagram given below shows a uniform meter rule of weight 1.5N is pivoted by a nail at
the mark 50cm. A spring balance is attached at the mark 20cm which is hanged from the rigid
support and a 600gf weight is hanged at the mark 10cm.The rod is in equilibrium.

pivot

600gf
Solution
Calculate the reading of the spring balance.
Calculate the force exerted by a pivot.
6N x 40cm + 1.5 x 0 = Spring balance x 30
Spring balance = 8N
8N + pivot = 6N +1.5N
Pivot = - 0.5N Upward
Question
A metre scale of weight 50 gf can be balanced at 40 cm mark without any weight suspended
on it. If this ruler is cut at its centre then state which part [0 to 50 cm or 50 to 100 cm] of the
ruler will weigh more than 25 gf.

solution
[0 to 50 cm part] > [50 to 100 cm]
Question
A uniform meter scale of mass 60 g, carries
masses of 20 g, 30 g and 80 g from points
10 cm, 20 cm and 90 cm marks. Where
must be the scale hanged with string to
balance the scale

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 Solution
Let, D be the point from where the scale is hanged so that the meter scale and the various
masses are balanced.

Clockwise moments = 80 x GD

Anticlockwise moments = (20 x FD) + (30 x ED) + (60 x CD)

As the meter scale is balanced.

∴ Sum of clockwise moments = sum of anticlockwise moments

80 x GD = (20 x FD) + (30 x ED) + (60 x CD)

[80 x {90 - (50 + x)}] = [20 x (50 + x - 10)] + [30 x (50 + x - 20)] + 60x

[80 x (90 - 50 - x)] = [20 x (50 + x - 10)] + [30 x (50 + x - 20)] + 60x

[80(40 - x)] = [20(40 + x)] + [30(30 + x)] + 60x

3200 - 80x = 800 + 20x + 900 + 30x + 60x

3200 - 80x = 800 + 20x + 900 + 30x + 60x

3200 - 80x = 1700 + 110x

3200 - 1700 = 110x + 80x

1500 = 190x

x = 1500/190 ≈ 7.9 cm

Hence, the string should be hanged at 50 + 7.9 = 57.9 cm mark.

Question
A non-uniform meter rod of weight 120N is pivoted at one end as shown in the diagram given
below. Calculate the value of F to keep the beam in equilibrium.

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 Solution
CW moment = ACW moment
120N x 0.20m = F x 1m
F = 120 x 0.20m /1m
F = 24N

torque

Question
To weigh a fish, a person hangs a tackle box of mass 3.5
kilograms and a cooler of mass 5 kilograms from the ends
of a uniform rigid pole that is suspended by a rope attached to its canter. The system balances
when the fish hangs at a point 1/4 of the rod’s length from the tackle box. What is the mass of
the fish?

Solution
Let the weight of the fish is W
3.5 x l/2 + W x l/4 = 5 x l/2
W = 3kg

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Question
If the Centre of gravity of a metre scale of mass 80 g lies at 45 cm mark, and the fulcrum
is at the mark 60cm.How much effort should be applied at the mark 100cm of the scale to
balance it. Draw a neat labelled diagram for an arrangement
Solution
80 x 15 = E x 40
E = 30 g

Question
A wheel of radius R and negligible mass is mounted on a horizontal
frictionless axle so that the wheel is in a vertical plane. Two small
objects having masses m and 2M, respectively, are mounted on the
rim of the wheel, as shown. If the system is in static equilibrium, what is
the value of m in terms of M?
(A) 2M
(B) M
(C) 3M/2
(D) 5M/2
Applying rotational equilibrium at the centre pivot we get:
+mg(R)[ACW] – 2Mg(R)[CW] = 0.
we arrive at the answer 2M.
Question
(a)Name the device which works on the principle of moments.
(b) What do you mean by couple arm?
Refer Text book
Question
If the Centre of gravity of a metre scale of mass 80 g lies at 45 cm mark, and the fulcrum
is at the mark 60cm.How much effort should be applied at the mark 100cm of the scale to
balance it. Draw a neat labelled diagram for an arrangement.

80g

80 x 15 = E x 40
E = 30 g

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 Question
A 0.5 kilogram object rotates freely in a vertical circle at the end of a
string of length 2 meters as shown above. As the object passes
through point P at the top of the circular path, the tension in the string
is 20 newtons.
Copy the diagram, and clearly label Tension force on the object when
it is at the point P.

Question
State the sign conventions used for applying principle of moments when
different forces act towards the left or right of the fulcrum for the body to be in a
state of equilibrium.
Solution
Force to the left of fulcrum acting downwards produces anticlockwise
moments taken as positive.
Force to the left of fulcrum acting upwards produces clockwise moment
taken as negative.
Force to right of the fulcrum acting downwards produces clockwise moment
taken as negative
Force to the right of fulcrum acting upwards produces anticlockwise
moment taken as positive.
Question
A wheel of diameter 1.6m with axle at its geometric centre is applied with
a force of 4N at point B tangential to the circumference of the wheel.
Determine the moment of force about a point A situated at its diametrically
opposite end on the periphery of the wheel. If the same force acts vertically
along the axle would the moment of force be maximum or minimum?
Solution
The moment of force about point A which is at the diametrically
opposite end to point B would be
= [4 x 1.6]
= 6.4Nm

If the same force acts vertically along the axle the perpendicular distance
of line of action of force would be zero hence moment of force would be
minimum equal to zero.

Question
The physical quantity for which N m cannot be written as joule is:
(a) Kinetic Energy (b) Work done (c) Torque (d) Potential energy

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Question
The force applied on a pivoted body, produces __________
(a) linear motion (b) rotational motion (c) Translational motion (d) vibratory motion
Question
Give one example each for a body in static and dynamic equilibrium.
Refer Text book
Question
A truck loaded with iron is more stable than a truck loaded with cotton, because:
a. iron has more mass then cotton for the same volume
b. Centre of gravity lowered when loaded with iron
c. Neither i nor ii
d. Both i and ii
Question
Which of the following best describes centripetal forces?
a. Forces used to make objects fly into space.
b Forces that pull people together
d None of the above
Question
If centripetal force is removed what will happen to an object moving in a circular
path?
Ans – It will move on the linear path tangentially

Question
An object moving on the circular path, which of the following quantity may remain constant?
(a) Speed (b) acceleration (c) magnitude of acceleration (d) both
(a) and (c)

Ans: (d) both (a) and (c)

Question
A door (seen from above in the figures below) has hinges on the left-hand side. Which
force produces the largest torque? The magnitudes of all forces are equal.

Ans :C
Question
A massless rigid rod of length 3d is pivoted at a fixed-point W, and two forces each of
magnitude F are applied vertically upward as shown. A third vertical force of magnitude F may
be applied, either upward or downward, at one of the labelled points. With the proper choice of
direction at each point, the rod can be in equilibrium if the third force of magnitude F is applied
at point.
(A) Y only (B) V or X only (C) V or Y only (D) V,
W, or X
Ans: (B)

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Question
The state of equilibrium when a boy is standing on his head is
(a) static equilibrium
(b) dynamic Equilibrium
(c) rotational equilibrium
(d) all the above

Question
When a car moves along a ghat section the outward seeking force is....
[a] due to inertia of motion
[b] due to centrifugal force
[c] due to inertia of direction
[d] both b and c

Question
Principle of moments is applicable for......
[a] flexible beam
[b] non-pivoted body
[c] couple
[d] uniform beam

Question
Force towards the right of fulcrum acting upwards are considered to
produce............ [ positive / negative] torque.
Question
The uniform beam can attains………….(static/dynamic/NO) equilibrium when couple
acts on a body.
Question
The diagrams below show a force F = 40 N acting on a rod AB pivoted at A in different
directions. Identify the correct statement

a) P and S have opposite moments.

(b) The magnitude of the moment of force is maximum in R.
(c) The magnitude of the moment of force is maximum in P and Q.
(d) The moment of force in R is negative

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Answer

Analysis
In P and Q perpendicular distance b/w line of action and axis is maximum (80cm) therefore
torque is maximum
In R and S perpendicular distance b/w line of action and axis (d1 and d2) is less than P and Q.

Question
A roller with a diameter of 0.2 m is raised over a pavement AB by applying forces F1 and F2, as
shown in the diagram
If the magnitude of both forces is 20 N, then compare the magnitudes of the torques produced by
the two forces.

Pivot is A
d1<d2 as d1 is diameter and d2 is radius
Torque by F1 = 20 N x 0.2(diameter) = 4Nm
Torque by F2 = 20 N x 0.1(radius) = 2Nm
Torque 1 : Torque 2 = 1:2

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Question
Two students are conducting experiments with identical 100 g mass simple pendulums, each
raising the bob 5m above the mean position. The graph depicting the relationship between
distance from the mean position and velocities is presented in the diagram.
(a) Demonstrate, using mathematical calculations, that the path followed by student 1 is
devoid of friction.
(b) Does the situation involving student 2 exhibit a breach of the law of conservation of
energy?

Answer
Student 1
PE = mgh
PE = 0.1kg x 10ms-2 x 5m
PE = 5J
From energy conservation PE is converted into KE
KE = ½ mv2
5J = ½ x 0.1 x v2
v2 = 100m/s
v = 10m/s
therefore total energy is conserved
Student 2
PE = mgh
PE = 0.1kg x 10ms-2 x 5m
PE = 5J
From energy conservation PE is converted into KE
KE = ½ mv2
5J = ½ x 0.1 x v2
v2 = 100m/s
v = 10m/s
but in case of student 2 v ≠10m/s
therefore law of energy conservation is not obeyed.

Question
A lever applies a force of 100N at the end of a spanner to tighten the bolt. The length of the
spanner is 0.5m. How much torque is exerted on the bolt. If the machine increases the force
applied by 20% but holds the spanner closer at 0.4m, would it result in an increase or decrease in
torque?
Torque1 = 100N x 0.5m = 50Nm
Torque2 = 120 N x 0.4m = 48Nm
Decrease in torque

Centrifugal force is not a real force. Unlike centripetal force, there is no real force
acting on the object like gravity, tension, etc. It is the inertia of the object that tries to
maintain a straight path of motion against the circular motion. This inertia pulls the
object off the circular path.
Centrifugal force acts on the body because we observe the body from the non-inertial
frame.

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