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Describe The Role of Exchange in Telecommunication

The exchange in telecommunications is essential for routing calls between parties, managing connections, and providing features like call waiting and forwarding. It operates through a series of steps including call receipt, number translation, call routing, and disconnection, while also handling billing and signaling information. Manual switching, an outdated method, is being replaced due to its inefficiencies, limited capacity, high costs, and lack of advanced features.

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32 views3 pages

Describe The Role of Exchange in Telecommunication

The exchange in telecommunications is essential for routing calls between parties, managing connections, and providing features like call waiting and forwarding. It operates through a series of steps including call receipt, number translation, call routing, and disconnection, while also handling billing and signaling information. Manual switching, an outdated method, is being replaced due to its inefficiencies, limited capacity, high costs, and lack of advanced features.

Uploaded by

sumanchy2055
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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describe the role of exchange in

telecommunication
The exchange plays a crucial role in the functioning of the telecommunications network
by enabling a phone call to connect between two or more parties.

The main role of an exchange is to route incoming calls to the correct destination,
whether it be another telephone, a group of telephones, or a computer. It also manages
the connection of the call and disconnects the call when it is finished. The exchange can
be a physical location, such as a telephone exchange building, or it can be a virtual
location, such as a software-based switch.

The exchange can be connected to a number of telephone lines, either via copper or
fiber cables, or to a wireless network. It uses the telephone number dialed by the caller
to determine the destination of the call, by referencing a database of telephone
numbers, which is known as a routing table.

Once the destination of the call has been determined, the exchange establishes a
connection to the destination telephone or group of telephones. This is done by using a
switch, which is a device that connects and disconnects telephone lines. The switch can
be a mechanical device or a digital device, such as a computer.

The exchange also manages call connections and disconnections, by detecting when a
call has been answered and when a call has ended. It also manages call features such as
call waiting, call forwarding, and three-way calling.

In addition, exchanges are also responsible for connecting calls to other communication
networks such as the internet. They allow for the routing of calls to emergency services
and also provide signaling and billing information for the call.

Overall, the exchange is the heart of the telecommunications network, managing the
routing and connection of calls, providing features and services, and connecting to
other networks to ensure that the calls reach their intended destinations.

describe the operation of exchange in


telecommunication
The operation of an exchange in telecommunications involves several key steps
that are used to route and connect telephone calls.

1. Call receipt: The exchange receives an incoming call on a telephone line.


The caller's telephone number and the number dialed by the caller are used
to determine the destination of the call.
2. Number translation: The exchange uses a database of telephone numbers,
known as a routing table, to translate the dialed number into the actual
destination of the call. This process is known as number translation.
3. Call routing: Once the destination of the call has been determined, the
exchange routes the call to the appropriate destination. This is done by using
a switch, which is a device that connects and disconnects telephone lines.
The switch can be a mechanical device or a digital device, such as a
computer.
4. Call establishment: The exchange establishes a connection between the
calling and called parties. This process is known as call establishment.
5. Call monitoring: The exchange continuously monitors the call to detect
when it has been answered, when it is in progress, and when it has ended. It
also manages call features such as call waiting, call forwarding, and three-
way calling.
6. Call disconnection: Once the call is finished, the exchange disconnects the
call. This process is known as call disconnection.
7. Billing and signaling: The exchange also provides signaling and billing
information for the call. It generates the records of the call's duration, the
caller's and called number, time and date of the call, and other relevant
information that is needed for billing and call records.

In summary, the exchange plays a crucial role in the functioning of the


telecommunications network by routing calls to their destinations, managing the
connection and disconnection of calls, and providing signaling and billing
information. The more advanced exchanges also handle IP-based calls and
multimedia services, and can also be integrated with other communication
networks such as the internet.
demerits of manual switching in
telecommunication
Manual switching, also known as operator-assisted switching, is a
traditional method of switching in which a dedicated physical connection,
or circuit, is established between two or more parties for the duration of the
call. This method is being phased out as it has several drawbacks:

1. Inefficiency: Manual switching is a labor-intensive process that


requires operators to manually connect calls by physically plugging in
cords to the appropriate lines. This process is time-consuming and
can lead to delays and errors.
2. Limited capacity: Manual switching systems have a limited capacity
for handling calls, as the number of operators available to connect
calls is limited. This can lead to long wait times for customers and can
limit the overall capacity of the telecommunications network.
3. High cost: Manual switching systems are expensive to operate, as
they require a large number of operators to connect calls. This can
make the service expensive for customers and can limit the
profitability of the telecommunications company.
4. Limited call features: Manual switching systems typically do not have
the capability to provide advanced call features such as call waiting,
call forwarding, and three-way calling.
5. Poor scalability: Manual switching systems are not easily scalable and
do not adapt well to changing customer needs and network
expansion.

Overall, manual switching is an outdated method of switching that is being


phased out in favor of more modern and efficient methods such as
automated switching.

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