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PHP Arrays Complete Guide

This guide covers the three main types of arrays in PHP: indexed, associative, and multidimensional, along with examples of each. It also explains how to access array elements, perform common operations like adding, removing, and merging elements, and take user input for arrays. Additionally, it lists useful array functions and best practices for working with arrays in PHP.

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Parth mehta
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6 views

PHP Arrays Complete Guide

This guide covers the three main types of arrays in PHP: indexed, associative, and multidimensional, along with examples of each. It also explains how to access array elements, perform common operations like adding, removing, and merging elements, and take user input for arrays. Additionally, it lists useful array functions and best practices for working with arrays in PHP.

Uploaded by

Parth mehta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Comprehensive Guide on Arrays in PHP

1. Types of Arrays in PHP

PHP supports three main types of arrays:

1. Indexed Array: An array with a numeric index.

Example:

$colors = array("Red", "Green", "Blue");

echo $colors[1]; // Output: Green

2. Associative Array: An array where keys are named.

Example:

$student = array("name" => "Alice", "age" => 22, "city" => "Delhi");

echo $student["city"]; // Output: Delhi

3. Multidimensional Array: An array containing one or more arrays.

Example:

$students = array(

"Alice" => array("Math" => 85, "Science" => 90),

"Bob" => array("Math" => 78, "Science" => 88)

);

echo $students["Alice"]["Science"]; // Output: 90

2. Accessing Array Elements

You can access array elements using their index or key.

Indexed Array:

$colors = array("Red", "Green", "Blue");

echo $colors[0]; // Output: Red


Comprehensive Guide on Arrays in PHP

Associative Array:

$person = array("name" => "John", "age" => 25);

echo $person["name"]; // Output: John

Multidimensional Array:

$matrix = array(

array(1, 2, 3),

array(4, 5, 6)

);

echo $matrix[1][2]; // Output: 6

3. Performing Array Operations

Here are some common array operations in PHP:

Adding Elements:

$fruits = array("Apple", "Banana");

array_push($fruits, "Mango");

print_r($fruits); // Apple, Banana, Mango

Removing Elements:

array_pop($fruits);

print_r($fruits); // Apple, Banana

Merging Arrays:

$a = array(1, 2);

$b = array(3, 4);

$c = array_merge($a, $b);

print_r($c); // 1, 2, 3, 4
Comprehensive Guide on Arrays in PHP

Searching in Array:

$numbers = array(10, 20, 30);

echo in_array(20, $numbers) ? "Found" : "Not Found"; // Found

Sorting Arrays:

sort($numbers); // Ascending

rsort($numbers); // Descending

4. Taking Array Input from User

To take input from users, use HTML forms and PHP.

Example 1: Indexed Array Input

HTML:

<form method="post">

<input type="text" name="numbers[]">

<input type="text" name="numbers[]">

<input type="submit">

</form>

PHP:

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

$numbers = $_POST['numbers'];

foreach ($numbers as $value) {

echo $value . "<br>";

Example 2: Associative Array Input

HTML:
Comprehensive Guide on Arrays in PHP

<form method="post">

Name: <input type="text" name="student[name]"><br>

Age: <input type="text" name="student[age]"><br>

<input type="submit">

</form>

PHP:

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

$student = $_POST['student'];

echo "Name: " . $student["name"] . "<br>";

echo "Age: " . $student["age"];

5. Useful Array Functions

count($array) - Returns number of elements.

array_keys($array) - Returns all the keys.

array_values($array) - Returns all the values.

array_reverse($array) - Reverses the array.

array_search("value", $array) - Searches and returns key.

in_array("value", $array) - Checks if value exists.

Example:

$names = array("John", "Jane", "Jack");

echo count($names); // Output: 3

6. Best Practices

- Always check if variable is array using is_array().

- Use foreach for iterating through arrays.


Comprehensive Guide on Arrays in PHP

- Use descriptive keys in associative arrays.

- Validate and sanitize user input before processing.

- For large data, consider using loops with conditions.

Example:

if (is_array($data)) {

foreach ($data as $item) {

echo htmlspecialchars($item);

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