Chap 6
Chap 6
Client-server computing
Web technologies:
⁕ Server-side programs
⁕ Socket programs
⁕ Server sockets
⁕ Client sockets
WEB
❑ The World Wide Web is one of the most widely used
services in the Internet. Because the Web is complex,
many protocol standards have been devised to specify
various aspects and details.
Uniform Resource Locator(URL)
✓ Specifies the location and method to access a resources
✓ Reading Files From the Internet
✓ URL is a reference or address to a resource over a
network (e.g., on the Internet).
✓ URL can be used to represent the "location" of a webpage
or web-based application.
✓ A URL is really just a String that represents the name of a
resource ... which can be files, databases, applications, etc
Example
http://www.cnn.com/
http://www.google.com
http://www.google.com:8080/ipad/index.html
(HTML) Hypertext Markup Language.
❑ is a representation standard that specifies the syntax
for a web page. HTML format:
Cont’d
✓ HTTP is the primary transfer protocol that a browser
uses to interact with a web server.
✓ In terms of the client-server model, a browser is a client
that extracts a server name from a URL and contacts the
server.
✓ Four major request types that a browser sends an
HTTP request to the server.
Cont’d
Cont’d
Two Basic Internet Communication Paradigms
a stream paradigm and a message paradigm.
The Client-Server Model Of Interaction
Network -based systems consist of a server , client , and a media
for communication.
❑ A computer running a program that makes a request for
services is called client
❑ A computer running a program that offers requested
services from one or more clients is called server
❑ The media for communication can be wired or wireless
network.
HTTPs Hyper Text Transfer
Protocol
✓ Encrypts the data between the browser and the
server
✓ Ensures the security and privacy issues
Cont’d
Client-Server Communication
aClientSocket.close();
Cont..
✓ When you write JAVA applications that communicate over a network, you
are programming in the Application Layer
Protocol
✓ A Protocol is a standard pattern of exchanging
information
✓ It is like a set of rules/steps for communication. The
simplest example of a protocol is a phone
conversation:
1. Mr X : dials a phone number
2. Mr Y: says "Hello..."
3. Mr X: says "Hello..."
4. ......
5. Mr X : says "Goodbye"
6. Mr Y: says "Goodbye