WhatI

sJSP?
JSP isacol lect
ionoftechnologiesdevelopedbySunMi crosyst
ems.Itisusedt o
developwebpagesbyi nserti
ngJav acodeintot
heHTMLpagesbymaki ngspeci
alJSP
tags.Itcanconsistofei
therHTMLorXML( combinat
ionofbothisalsopossi
ble)wit
h
JSPact i
onsandcommands.Thef ullf
orm ofJSPisJavaServerPages.

WhyuseJSP?
Her
e,ar
ereasonsofusi
ngJSP:

 InJav aser verpagesJSP,t heexecut i

oni smuchf astercompar edtoother
dynamicl anguages.
 Iti
smuchbet terthanCommonGat ewayI nt
erf
ace( CGI).
 Javaser verpages( JSP) ar
ealway scompi l
edbeforei t
spr ocessedbytheser
ver
asitreducest heeffortoftheservertocreateprocess.
 Javaser verpagesar ebuiltoverServlet
sAPI .Hence,ithasaccesst oallJava
APIs,JNDI ,JDBCEJB, andothercomponent sofjava.
 JSPisani mpor t
antpar tofJav aEE( Enter
pri
seEdi t
ion),whichisaplatf
ormfor
enter
prise-l
evelapplicati
ons.

Di
sadv
ant
ageofJSP
 Iti
shar dt
ot r
aceJSPpageser r
orbecauseJSPpagesaret
ransl
atedtoservl
et.
 AsJSPout putisHTML, i
tisnotri
chinfeat
ures.
 Iti
sveryhardt odebugortr
aceerror
sbecauseJSPpagesarefi
rstt
ransl
atedint
o
servl
etsbeforethecompil
ati
onprocess.
 JSPpagesr equir
emor ediskspaceandt imet ohol
dJSPpagesast heyare
compiledont heserv
er.

Ser
vletVsJSP
Ser
vlet JSP

Ser
vlet
srunf
ast
ert
hanJSP. JSP r
unsslowerthanser
vletasi
ttakes
ti
met ocompil
etheprogr
am andconver
t
i
ntoserv
let
s.
I
tishar
dtowr
it
ecodei
nser
vlet
. It
'seasiert
o code i
n JSP compar
ed t
o
serv
let
s.

In MVC archi
tect
ure,ser
vletwor
ksasa I
nMVCar chit
ect
ure,JSPwor
ksasav
iew
contr
oll
er. f
ordi
spl
ayingout
put.

I
tshouldbeusewhent
her
eismor
edat
a JSP i
sgeneral
l
yused when ther
eisno
pr
ocessi
nginv
olv
ed. i
nvol
vementofmuchdat
aprocessi
ng.

Ther
ei snocust
om t
agwr
it
ingf
aci
l
ityi
n Youcaneasil
ybui
ldcust
om t
agst
hatcan
ser
vlet
s. di
rect
lycal
lJav
abeans.

Ser
vleti
saj
avacode. JSPi
saHTML-
basedcode.

I
t can accept al
l pr
otocol r
equest
s, I
tcanonl
yacceptHTTPr
equest
s.
i
ncl
udi
ngHTTP.

Youcanov
err
idet
heser
vice(
)met
hod. I
n JSP,y ou can'
tov
err
ide t
he ser
vice(
)
method.

InServ
let
,bydef
aul
t,sessi
onmanagement In JSP, session management i
s
i
s notenabled,userhas to enableit aut
omat
ical
l
yenabled.
expl
ici
tl
y.

I
n Servl
et,you hav
et oimplementbothIn JSP,business l
ogi
c is spl
itfr
om
busi
nesslogicand pr
esent
ation l
ogi
cin pr
esent
ati
onl
ogicusi
ngJav
aBeans.
thesi
ngl
ef i
l
e.

Modifi
cati
on i
n Servl
et fi
leisat ime JSPmodif
icat
ioni
sfast,asy
ouj
ustneed
consumingduetorel
oading,r
ecompi
l
ing, t
ocl
i
ckonerefr
eshbut
ton.
andrestar
ti
ngt
heserv
er.

Li
fecy
cleofJSP:
AJSPli
fecy
clei
sdefi
nedast
heprocessfrom i
tscr
eati
onti
llt
hedest
ruct
ion.Thi
sis
si
mil
art
oaservl
etl
i
fecycl
ewi
thanaddit
ionalst
epwhichisr
equir
edt
ocompi l
eaJSP
i
ntoser
vlet
.

Pat
hsFol
l
owedByJSP

Thef
oll
owi
ngar
ethepat
hsf
oll
owedbyaJSP−

 Compi
l
ati
on

 I
nit
ial
i
zat
ion

 Execut
ion

 Cl
eanup
ThefourmajorphasesofaJSPli
fecycl
ear
ever
ysi
mil
art
otheSer
vletLi
feCy
cle.The
fourphaseshav
ebeendescri
bedbel
ow−

JSPCompi
l
ati
on

WhenabrowserasksforaJSP,t
heJSPenginefi
rstcheckstoseewhet
heri
tneedsto
compi
l
ethepage.Ift
hepagehasneverbeencompil
ed,orift
heJSPhasbeenmodif
ied
si
ncei
twaslastcompil
ed,t
heJSPenginecompi
lesthepage.
Thecompi
l
ati
onpr
ocessi
nvol
vest
hreest
eps−

 Par
singt
heJSP.

 Tur
ningt
heJSPi
ntoaser
vlet
.
  Compi
l
ingt
heser
vlet
.

JSPI
nit
ial
i
zat
ion

Whenacont ai
nerloadsaJSP i
tinv
okesthej
spI
nit
()methodbeforeserv
ici
ngany
r
equest
s. If y ou need t o perfor
m JSP-speci
fi
c i ni
ti
ali
zati
on, over
ri
de
t
hejspI
nit
()method−

publ
i
cv oi
dj spIni
t(
){
//I
nit
ial
izationcode.
..
}
Typical
ly
,ini
ti
ali
zat
ionisperf
ormedonlyonceandaswi t
htheserv
letini
tmet hod,y
ou
general
lyini
ti
ali
zedatabaseconnect
ions,openf
il
es,andcreat
elookupt abl
esi nthe
j
spInitmethod.

JSPExecut
ion

Thi
sphaseoftheJSPl
i
fecy
cler
epr
esent
sal
lint
eract
ionswi
thr
equest
sunt
ilt
heJSP
i
sdest
royed.
WheneverabrowserrequestsaJSPandthepagehasbeenl
oadedandi
nit
ial
i
zed,t
he
JSPenginei
nvokesthe_jspSer
vice(
)met
hodi
ntheJSP.
The _j
spSer
vice(
) method takes anHt
tpSer
vlet
Requestand
anHtt
pSer
vlet
Responseasi
tspar
ameter
sasf
oll
ows−

v
oid_jspSer
vice(
HttpSer
vlet
Requestr
equest
,Ht
tpSer
vlet
Responser
esponse){
//Servi
cehandli
ngcode...
}
The_j
spSer
vice(
)methodofaJSPisinvokedonr
equestbasi
s.Thisi
sresponsi
blefor
gener
ati
ngtheresponseforthatr
equestandthi
smet hodi salsoresponsi
blefor
gener
ati
ngr
esponsestoal
lsev
enoftheHTTPmethods,i.
e,GET,POST,DELETE,etc.

JSPCl
eanup

Thedestr
uct
ionphaseoft
heJSPl
i
fecy
cler
epr
esent
swhenaJSPi
sbei
ngr
emov
ed
fr
om usebyacontai
ner
.
ThejspDestr
oy(
)methodistheJSP equiv
alentofthedestr
oymet hodforservl
ets.
Over
ride j
spDest
roy when y
ou need t
o perfor
m any cl
eanup,such as r
eleasi
ng
dat
abaseconnecti
onsorcl
osingopenf
il
es.
Thej
spDest
roy
()met
hodhast
hef
oll
owi
ngf
orm−

publ
icvoi
djspDest
roy
(){
//Yourcl
eanupcodegoesher
e.
}
HowdoesaJSPf
unct
ion
Scr
ipt
ingEl
ement
s
JSPscri
pti
ngelementsal
l
owsy out
oinser
tJavacodei
ntoJav
aSer
vletgener
atedf
rom
JSPpage.Thesearet
hescript
ingel
ements:
scr
ipt
let
,decl
arat
ion,
expressi
on&comment .

1)Scr
ipt
let
 Ascri
ptl
etcancontai
nanynumberofJAVAlanguagestatement
s,v
ari
abl
e&
expr
essi
onsthatar
evali
dint
hepagescri
pti
nglanguage.
 I
tcan’
tcont
ainmet
hoddef
inat
ionbuty
oucancal
lmet
hodwi
thi
nscr
ipt
let

Fol
l
owingi
sthesy
ntaxofScr
ipt
let−
<%codefr
agment%>

Exampl
eofScr
ipt
let<% %>
1)Desi
gnasi
mpl ej
sppaget
odi
spl
ayf
oll
owi
ng
I
nput:-

Out
put:
-

Cli
entFilename:-Index.
html
<html>
<head>
<t
itl
e>Scr
ipt
letExampl
e</
ti
tl
e>

</head>
<body>
<for
m acti
on="
server
.j
sp"method="post
">
EnterName:<i
nputty
pe="
text"name="t1"
><br
>

<inputt
ype="
submi
t"name="
b1"v
alue="
send"
>
</
form>

</body>
</
html>
Ser
verFi
lename:
-ser
ver
.j
sp

<%@pagecont
entTy
pe="
text
/ht
ml"pageEncodi
ng="
UTF-
8"%>
<!
DOCTYPEhtml>
<html>
<head>

<ti
tl
e>Scr
ipt
letExampl
e</
ti
tl
e>
</head>
<body>
<%

Str
ingn=request.
get
Paramet
er(
"t1"
);
out.
pri
ntl
n("Welcome"+n)
;
%>
</body>
</
html>

Example
2) Designasi
mpl
ecal
cul
ator
Input
:-

Output:-
Addit
ion=15
Cli
entFileName: -i
ndex.
html
<html>
<head>
<ti
tl
e>SimpleCalcul
ator
</t
it
le>
</head>
<body>

<f
orm act
ion="
calcul
ator.j
sp"method="
get">
Enter1stNo:<inputtype="
text
"name="t1"><br
>
Enter2ndNo: <i
nputtype="t
ext"name="t
2"><br>
<inputt
ype="submit"name="add"val
ue="+">
 <inputt
ype="
submi
t"name="
sub"v alue="-
">
<inputt
ype="
submi
t"name="
mult"v alue="
*">
<inputt
ype="
submi
t"name="
div
"v alue="/"
>
</
form>

</body>
</
html>

Ser
verFi
lename:
-cal
cul
ator
.j
sp

<%@pagecont entType=" t
ext /ht
ml"pageEncoding="UTF-8"
%>
<html>
<head>
<tit
le>Cal culator
</ ti
tl
e>
</head>
<body >
<%
intc=I nteger .
parseInt(request.
get Paramet
er(
"t
1"));
intd=I nteger .
parseInt(request.getParamet
er(
"t2"
));
i
f(request .getParamet er (
"add")
!=null)
{
inte=c+d;
out .
print l
n("Additi
on=" +e);
}
i
f(request .getParamet er (
"sub")
!=null
)
{
intf=c- d;
out .
print l
n("Subtracti
on=" +f);
}
i
f(request .getParamet er (
"mult"
)!=null
)
{
intg=c* d;
out .
print l
n("Multi
plication="+g);
}
i
f(request .getParamet er (
"div
")!
=null)
{
inth=c/ d;
out .
print l
n("Divi
sion="+h) ;
}
%>
 </body>
</
html>

2) Decl
arat
iont
ag

- I
fy ouwanttodefinemethodsorfi
elds,
youcanuseJSPdecl
arati
on.TheJSP
declar
ati
onissurroundedbythesi
gn<%!and%>.Forexample,i
fyouwantto
declar
eav ar
iabl
ex, y
oucanuseJSPdecl ar
ati
onasf
oll
ows:

<%! i
ntx=10; %>

- Thef
inal
semi
col
oni
srequi
red.

- Thedi f
ferencebetweenav ariabl
eusingdecl
arationandav ar
iabl
eisdecl
ared
usingscriptl
etisthatav ariabledecl
aredusingdecl ar
ati
ontagisaccessi
ble
byallmet hods,whil
eav ari
abl edecl
aredusingscriptl
eti
sonlyaccessi
bleto
the_jspservi
ce()methodoft hegener
atedservletfr
om theJSPpage.
Example
1) Desi gnasi mplecalculat
orbyusi ngDeclarati
ont ag
Input:-

Output:-
Addit
ion=15

Cli
entFilename:-i
ndex.
html
<html>
<head>
<ti
tl
e>Cal
cul
atorusi
ngDecl
arat
iont
ag</
ti
tl
e>
</head>
 <body >
<f
or m act
ion="
declarati
on_server.
jsp"met hod="get"
>
Enter1stNo:<inputtype="t
ext"name=" t1"><br>
Enter2ndNo: <i
nputtype="text"name=" t2"
><br>
<inputt
ype="submit"name=" add"v alue="+">
<inputt
ype="submit"name=" sub"v alue="-"
>
<inputt
ype="submit"name=" mul t
"v alue="*"
>
<inputt
ype="submit"name=" div"value="/">
</form>

</body>
</
html>

Ser
verFi
lename:
-decl
arat
ion_
ser
ver
.j
sp

<%@pagecont entType=" t
ext/html"pageEncoding="UTF-
8"%>
<!
DOCTYPEht ml>
<html>
<head>
<tit
le>SimpleCalculatorusingDecl ar
ati
on</ti
tl
e>
</head>
<body >
<%!
inti=0,j
=0;
%>
<%
i
=Integer.
parseInt(r
equest.getParameter
("t
1"))
;
j
=Integer.
parseInt(r
equest.getParameter
("t
2"))
;
i
f(request
.getParamet er(
"add")!
=null
)
{
ints=additi
on();
out .
pri
nt(
"Addition="+s);
}
i
f(request
.getParamet er(
"sub")!
=null
)
{
ints=subtracti
on( )
;
out .
pri
nt(
"subtracti
on="+s);
}
i
f(request
.getParamet er(
"mult")
!=nul
l)
{
 ints=mul t
ipli
cati
on( );
out .
print(
"Mul ti
pli
cat i
on="+s);
}
i
f(request.getParamet er("
div")
!=nul
l
)
{
ints=di vi
sion();
out .
print(
"Divisi
on=" +s);
}
%>
<%!
publicintaddi t
ion()
{
i
ntk=i +j;
returnk;
}
publicintsubt r
action()
{
i
ntk=i -j
;
returnk;
}
publicintmul ti
pli
cation()
{
i
ntk=i *j
;
returnk;
}
publicintdivisi
on()
{
i
ntk=i /j
;
returnk;
}
%>
</body >
</
html>

3.JSPexpr
essi
ont
ag

Thecodepl aced wi
thi
nJSP expr
ession t swr
agi it
tentotheoutputst
ream oft
he
response.Soyouneednotwr
iteout.
print
()towri
tedat
a.I
tismainl
yusedtopri
ntt
he
v
aluesofv
ari
abl
eormet
hod.

Thi
stagal
l
owt
hedev
elopert
oembedanyj
avaexpr
essi
onandi
sshor
tforout
.pr
int
ln(
).

Asemi
col
on(
;)doesnotappearatt
heendoft
hecodei
nsi
det
het
ag.

Sy
ntax:
-

<%= st
atement%>

Exampl
e:

Fi
l
e:i
ndex.
html

<ht
ml>

<body
>

<f
orm act
ion="
wel
come.
jsp"met
hod=”
post
”>

<i
nputt
ype="
text
"name="
uname"
><br
/>

<i
nputt
ype="
submi
t"v
alue="
go"
>

</
for
m>

</
body
>

</
html
>

Fi
l
e:wel
come.
jsp

<%@pagecont
ent
Type=”
text
/ht
ml”
%>

<ht
ml>

<body
>

<%

St
ri
ngs=r
equest
.get
Par
amet
er(
"uname"
);

%>

<%="
Wel
come"
+s%>

</
body
>
</
html
>

4.JSPcommentt
ag

JSP comment
saresimil
l
artoHTMLcomment s<!
--
Htmlcomment-
->exceptJSP
commentsar
enev
ersentt
otheuser
’sbr
owser
.

HTMLComment
sar
evi
si
blei
nthepagesour
se.

Sy
ntax:
-<%-
-JSPComment-
-%>

Exampl
e:-

<ht
ml>

<head>

<t
it
le>HTMLandJSPComment
s</
ti
tl
e>

</
head>

<body
>

<!
--
Thi
sisHTMLcomment
;vi
sibl
eint
hepagesour
ce-
->

<%-
-Thi
sisJSPcomment
;inv
isi
blei
nthepagesour
ce-
-%>

</
body
>

</
html
>