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Assignment 4

The document outlines an assignment on sound intensity levels, calculations related to sound intensity, and the effects of various frequencies. It includes detailed mathematical derivations and results for sound levels, displacement of air molecules, and the Doppler effect. The assignment is due on May 16, 2025, and involves multiple group members from the Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering department.

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5 views

Assignment 4

The document outlines an assignment on sound intensity levels, calculations related to sound intensity, and the effects of various frequencies. It includes detailed mathematical derivations and results for sound levels, displacement of air molecules, and the Doppler effect. The assignment is due on May 16, 2025, and involves multiple group members from the Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering department.

Uploaded by

ilungaamos790
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Group Members:

Kiarra Pasquallie, 250464721


Amos Ilunga , 250791323
Zayaan Hassiem, 250456087
Simile Witbooi, 250524651
Tshikosi Orifha, 240989155
Assignment 4
Due Date: 16 May 2025
Faculty : Engineering & the Buil
Environment
Department : Mechanical and
Mechatronic Engineering
Question 1
1.1. The sound intensity level (β) is given by:
𝐼
𝛽(𝑑𝐵) = 10 log10( ) The minimum threshold
𝐼0
𝐼 intensity that can be heard is:
75 = 10 log10( )
𝐼0 𝐼0 = 10−12 𝑊/𝑚2 .
𝐼
7.5 = log10 ( )
𝐼0
𝐼
= 107.5
10−12
𝐼 = 3.16 × 10−5 𝑊/𝑚2

1.2. Using the relationship between intensity level and intensity:


Δ𝛽 = 𝛽2 − 𝛽1
𝐼2 From 𝑓 = 30𝐻𝑧 to 𝑓 = 18 000 𝐻𝑧
Δ𝛽 = 10 log10 10( )
𝐼3
𝐼2 Sound level= ±3𝑑𝐵
3 = 10 log10 10( )
𝐼3
𝐼
0.3 = log10 10(𝐼2)
3
𝐼2
( ) = 100.3
𝐼3
=2

1.3. New sound level:


4𝐼1
𝛽𝑛𝑒𝑤 = 10 log10 ( )
𝐼0
The sound level of the trumpet:
𝐼1
= 10(log10( ) + log10 4 ) 75𝑑𝐵
𝐼0
𝐼1 The total intensity of the 4
= 10 log10 ( ) + 10 log10 4
𝐼0 trumpets: 𝐼𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 4𝐼1
= 75 + (10 × 0.602)
= 81,02 𝑑𝐵

1.4. Estimated sound level:


𝐼2
Δ𝛽 = 10 log10( )
𝐼1 Measured sound
level: 140 𝑑 𝐵(30m)
𝐼1
𝛽1 = 10 log10 ( )
𝐼0 𝐼 𝐼2 𝑟1 2
𝐼∝ → = ( )
= 140 𝑑𝐵 𝑟 2 𝐼1 𝑟2
𝐼2 𝑟1 2
=( )
𝐼1 𝑟2
30 2
=( )
300
1
=
100

1
∴ Δ𝛽 = 10 log10( )
100
= −20 𝑑𝐵

𝛽2 = 140 − 20
= 120 𝑑𝐵

1.5. Calculation of the displacement of air molecules:


1
𝐼 = 𝑝𝑣(2𝜋𝑓)2 𝐴2
2
1
10−12 = (1,29 𝑘𝑔. 𝑚−3 )(343 𝑚. 𝑠 −1 )(2𝜋1000)2 𝐴2
2
2 × 10−12
𝐴2 =
(1,29)(343)(2𝜋1000)2
2 × 10−12
𝐴=√
(1,29)(343)(2𝜋1000)2
𝐴 = 1,1 × 10−11𝑚

1.6. Distance from the second speaker:


𝑣
𝜆=
𝑓 𝑑 = 1,00 𝑚
343
𝜆=
1150 𝑃1 = 4,00 𝑚 from 𝑠1
𝜆 = 0,289 𝑚
𝑓 = 1500 𝐻𝑧
1
𝑑 = (𝑛 + ) 𝜆
2
1
𝑑 = 4,00 ± (𝑛 + ) 𝜆
2
1
𝑑 = 4,00 ± (0 + )(0,298)
2

𝑑𝑎 = 4,00 + (0,149) 𝑑𝑏 = 4,00 − (0,149)


= 4,149 𝑚 = 3,851 𝑚
𝑣
1.7. A) 𝑓 ′ = 𝑓 (𝑣−𝑣 ) The frequency emitted:
𝑠
343 𝑓 = 1600 𝐻𝑧
= 1600 ( )
343 − 25
= 1726 𝐻𝑧 𝑣 = 25 𝑚. 𝑠 −1

𝑣
B) 𝑓 ′ = 𝑓 (𝑣+𝑣 )
𝑠
343
= 1600 ( )
343 + 25
= 1491 𝐻𝑧

𝑣+𝑣𝑠
1.8. 𝑓′ = 𝑓 ( 𝑣
)
343 + 3,5
= 5600 ( )
343
= 5051,02 𝐻𝑧

𝑣
𝑓 ′′ = 𝑓 ′ ( )
𝑣 − 𝑣𝑠
343
= 5051,02 ( )
343 − 3,5
= 5103,092 𝐻𝑧

𝑣±𝑣
1.9. 𝑓 ′ = 𝑓(𝑣±𝑣0)
𝑠
343+0
𝑓 = 𝑓(343−18)
′ Driver at rest: 𝑓 = 4,5 𝐻𝑧

Towards the driver: 𝑣 = 18 𝑚. 𝑠 −1


𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡 = 𝑓 ′ − 𝑓
343
4,5 = 𝑓 ( )−𝑓
325
343
4,5 = 𝑓 ( − 1)
325
18
4,5 = 𝑓 ( )
325
𝑓 = 81,25 𝐻𝑧

1.10. Pressure amplitude: Smallest sound intensity a human ear


Δ𝑝 = √2𝑝𝑣𝐼 can hear:
Δp = √2(120)(343)(1 × 10−12 𝐼1 = 1,00 × 1012 𝑤/𝑚2
Δ𝑝 = 2,87 × 10−4 m
Highest sound intensity a human ear
can hear: 𝐼2 = 1,00 𝑤/𝑚2

𝑓 = 1000 𝐻𝑧

𝑝 = 1,20 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
Displacement Amplitude:
Δ𝑝 = 𝑝𝑣𝑤𝐴
Δ𝑝
𝐴=
𝑝𝑣𝑤
2,87 × 10−5
𝐴=
(1,20)(343)(2𝜋1000)
𝐴 = 1,11 × 10−11 𝑚

𝑃
1.11. A) 𝐼1 = 4𝜋𝑟2
80,0 𝑃 = 80,0 𝑊
=
4𝜋(3)2
𝐼2 = 1 × 108 𝑤/𝑚2
= 0,707 𝑤/𝑚2

𝑤
B) 𝐼2 = 1 × 108 𝑚2
𝑃
𝐼2 =
4𝜋𝑟 2
𝑃
𝑟2 =
4𝜋𝐼2
80,0
𝑟=√
4𝜋(1 × 108 )
𝑟 = 2,52 × 10−4 𝑚

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