Section 1

A: Hi Sam, we'd better start planning the party, it's in less than two weeks, isn't
it?
B: Yeah, I guess it is. There isn’t much to do, is there?
A: Well, we need to sort out food, for a start.
B: Why don't we just order some pizzas?
A: But we always do that. Let's do something ___________. Besides, it's pretty
expensive.
B: What about a barbecue then, or we could just do hot dogs. A: Hmm,
___________________________. There are a lot coming, you know.
B: Sandwiches then? That's easy enough.
A: Sandwiches? That's a good idea. Hmm. hang on, that would be even more
preparation than the barbecue! ________________________________________, I
suppose.
B: Pizzas it is, then!
A: Now, we also need to think about music, and invitations.
B: Well, _______________________, I think we should just do them on the computer
and __________________.
A: Good idea. And what about music?
B: We can just _________________ we had last time. It's fine.
A: OK. well, if we don't let people know soon there won't be anyone there. So
__________________________. Have you got your laptop?
B: Yeah, told you there wasn't much to do.
Section 3
A: Hi Julie, have you got time to plan our project?
B: Sure. I've got a few minutes. We need to choose a topic
____________________________________, don't we?
A: That's right. _________________________________?
B: Well, _______________________________ water pollution last year so we could just
do that?
A: Actually, the tutor did make a point of saying not to use last year's materials.
So we'd better not.
B: _______________________________now anyway. Also, it
_______________________________and I think we're supposed to
_______________________________.
A: That's right. We could look at something totally different, like
_______________________________.
B: Hmm, good idea. And we could make sure we include all of the sources, like
traffic and factories.
A: So, what else do we need to do? Shall we go to the library and
_______________________________?
B: Actually. I think _______________________________. The good resources in the
library are often _______________________________. Anyway, before we
_______________________________which topic we've chosen, I think we need to ask
the others what they're doing.
A: You're right. We need to make sure we're not all doing the same thing. Let's
ask them this afternoon _______________________________.
B: Great idea.
LISTENING 1
II. Understanding the context;
1. You will hear a telephone conversation between a man and his daughter Susie about a
birthday party they need to organise.
2. You will hear a woman speaking on the radio about buying presents for people of
different ages.
3. You will hear two biology students explaining their research ideas to their university
lecturer.
4. You will hear an ecology student giving a presentation about a recent field trip to Canada.
III. Using the correct spelling;
3.3
1
A: And can I have your name, please?
B: Yes, it's Andrew Browne.
A: Is that spelt the same as the colour?
B: Yes, but with an E at the end.
2
A: And what's your address? In case we need to post any information out to you?
B: Oh, OK, I live at 63 Beeton Road. Thai's B-double E-T- O-N.
A: Sorry, was that last letter N or M?
B: N for November.
3
A: Do you have a website I can go to?
B: Yes, just go to www.kickers.com
A: Is that K-I-C-K-E-R-S?
B: That's right, all one word and all lower case.
4
A: Where shall we meet then? Somewhere in the city?
B: That's a good idea. What about at that hotel on the corner of Queen Street and Mary Street?
What's it called?
A: Oh, it's the Rose Hotel, like the flower.
B: Yes, that's the one. I'll see you there at seven.
A: Uh uh.
5
A: Right, and can I get your car registration number?
Have you got a normal one or is it one of those specially made ones that's a word or a name?
B: No, I haven't got the money for a personalised plate. It's just three letters and three numbers.
It's H-L-P 528.
IV. Writing numbers
4.3
1
A: I hope you've enjoyed your stay with us.
B: Yes, it was lovely, but I had to pay £95, which seems _____________________________. Last time I
stayed here, I only paid £80.
A: Yes, I'm sorry, madam. We had to _______________________________________________ this year. But that
is actually ______________________________ as you're a regular guest. It would normally be £105.
B: Oh!
2
Now, on Thursday, there will be a special class, which will be given by a wonderful local artist.
As this isn't included in your fees, you will need to pay for this on the day. We’ve kept the costs
low. It's only $10 for our regular students here. If you want to bring along anyone else who
hasn't studied with us before, the cost for them is S I5. We charge them an extra $5 for the use of
equipment, which old students have already paid for.
3
A: Can you tell me how big the garage is? I just want to make sure our cars will fit.
B: Let me have a look. How big are your cars?
A: Mine's about 1.5 metres wide and my wife's is almost the same.
B: Hmm, I don't think it's wide enough. I'm afraid. It says here that it's 3.5 metres across, and
you need at least a metre between the cars to be able to open the doors.
A: You're right. What about the height? Mine's a van I use for work and I carry a lot of equipment
on top.
B: Let me see. It's two and a half metres. Would that be tall enough?
A: Oh, not for my big ladders, no. I'd like three metres at least.
4
A: I'm thinking of taking my children to the Gold Coast in the holidays. Can you tell me how much
it would cost on the bus? I don't want to drive all that way.
B: Right, you'd qualify for a family ticket, which is the cheapest way to do it. It'll be $55
altogether, normally a child's fare is $25 and an adult is $45.
A: Oh, that's a good deal!
5
A: I'm trying to organise a party and I wondered if your hotel had a room we could use?
B: We do have several function rooms, what date did you have in mind for the party? I'll just
warn you we're already fully booked for most of June, the first available date I have is 14th July.
A: Oh, that's not a problem. It's for my dad's birthday, which isn't until 1st August.
B: That's a Tuesday.
A: Yes, so I'd like to hold it at the end of July, on the Saturday before.
B: So, that's the 29th?
A: Yes, that's right.
4.5
1 We had a good response to our survey and we found that, while 80% of our students
drink coffee, only 15% drink tea, with the rest preferring water.
2 Over 800,000 people in the US are estimated to have tried skiing. This may seem a large
number but it represents just over 0.26% of the total population of 300 million. So, per capita, it
is surprisingly small.
3 It's estimated that India is home to between 38,000 and 53,000 wild elephants, while
Africa has between 470,000 and 690,000. Exact figures are difficult to determine.
4 An elephant can weigh between 2.5 and 5 tonnes. This is comparable to the tongue of the
blue whale, which alone can weigh 2.7 tonnes. In fact, a blue whale can weigh 15 times more than
an elephant, and can grow to about 10 limes the size of a standard bus.

LISTENING 2
I. Identifying the speakers

(⊳9)
1
A: This one's a good deal. It costs £150 and airfares are included in that price. Once you land, you
still need to get to the ski slopes. It's a two-hour journey.
B: Yes, I know, I have a friend there who's going to meet me and we'll travel together.
A: Oh, that's fine, I usually organise a coach ticket for my customers, because a taxi is far too
expensive. But a lift from a local is even better. What about skiing equipment?
B: I've already got all of that, but I would like to arrange insurance if that's possible.
A: Yes, of course. And it's a very good idea for a holiday like that.
2
A: And it says here you'll be staying with us for two nights, is that right?
B: Actually, my plans have changed since I made the booking and I was hoping I'd be able to stay
for one extra night, if it's possible.
A: I'll just have a look and try to make sure you don't have to change rooms on the third night.
Yes, that's fine, and in fact you'll get a 25% discount as well.
B: Oh, great. Do you have a gym or a sports centre in the hotel? And I need access to your
business centre as well.
A: Yes, we have all of those. Now, your room is up on the tenth floor, and the elevators are right
behind you. You'll actually be on the same floor as the business centre, and it's clearly
signposted. The gym is down on this level and so is the restaurant. You need to go there in the
morning for breakfast.
3
A: Now, according to your CV, you've lived and worked in a few different countries, haven't you?
B: That's right. I was born here in England and my family emigrated to Australia when I was very
young.
A: But your longest employment so far was in America, if I'm not mistaken?
B: That's right. I moved there once I'd graduated and worked for five years before coming back
to England in January.
A: Right. And you've worked briefly in accounts but in sales, mostly ... Is that the area you are
still interested in working in? We have a very strong sales department.
B: Actually, I'm hoping to move into the area of marketing. I’ve always been interested in it. and
it was my major at university.
A: I see. Well, with your references I'm sure we can discuss it.

II. Form completion

⊳L2_II
Amanda Dubai Palm Apartments. Amanda speaking How can I help you?
Leo: Oh hi. Amanda. I’m ringing to enquire about a holiday apartment for the month after next.
A OK. no problem Let me get your details first, then I’ll tell you what we've got. Is that all right9
L Fine, go ahead
A OK Can I have your name first, please?
L Yes. it's Leo Blucher, that's L-E-0 - that's my first name - and my surname is B-L-U-C-H-E-R
A OK. I've got that Where are you from, just out of interest, Leo?
L I'm Austrian
A Right, OK. and what's your address?
L It’s number 37 Blumengasse in Vienna.
A Right Could you just spell Blumengasse for me. please, Leo? My German's not too good
L Sure, it's B-L-U-M-E-N-G-A-double S-E.
A Great, thanks, and what’s the weather like in Vienna at the moment?
L It's pretty grey and rainy. I’m afraid Hope it’s better in Dubai
A Yes. it’s lovely at the moment Sunny and warm, but not too hot Now. can you give me your
phone number?
L Yes. it’s 4312 11057.
A Great So, you're looking for a holiday apartment. Leo How many people is it for. just yourself?
L No. there'll be four of us. two adults and two children
A Fine, and when would you like it from’
L Ideally from the 1st of January
A January the 1st. OK I'll have a look and see what we've got How long would you like to stay?
L Well, it depends a little bit on the price, but I think that about nine days would be perfect
A Fine. And. talking of prices, what would be your maximum, do you think?
L Well. I've looked on the Internet, but I don’t know if I'm being realistic if I say 200 euros per
day Things seem to range from 150 to well over 400
A Well, it depends where, of course, but I think we could probably find something for you at that
price
L Great There are various other things, though Our children are quite small, and we don't want
to take them to restaurants all the time, so one thing we’d really appreciate is a fully equipped
kitchen so we can do some cooking
A Yes. I completely understand. Do you have any other special requirements9
L Yes. we live in the city centre hundreds of miles from the sea. so we'd really like be able to see
it from our apartment
A OK. I'll note that down All our apartments come with air conditioning and central heating, by
the way
L Oh dear One thing I don't like is the noise of air conditioning in the background. Can you make
sure it's as quiet as possible?
A Yes. I'll look into that Anything else9
L Yes. just one more thing We’d like to hire a car while we're in Dubai, so we'll need to have a
parking space. I think - we don't want to have to walk a long way from the car to the apartment.
A I think you're quite right I'll look into all these things and make a list of possible apartments
Do you have an email address, so I can send them to you?

III. Note completion

⊳L3_III_3.7
Clive: Hello?
Debbie: Hi. Clive, is that you?
C Yes, hi, Debbie.
D Did you manage to see those candidates for our expedition?
C Yes. I did. and there was an extra one who was quite a surprise You know, he hadn't applied
and he just turned up out of the blue, so we haven't got any details for him.
D Really? Tell me about him.
C OK. and you can take some notes. Then we'll see what we think
D Fine
C First, he's called Sanjay Dubashi.
D OK Sanjay is spelled S-A-N-J-A-Y. right?
C Correct And Dubashi is D-U-B-A-S-H-l
D D-U-B-A-S-H-l. fine, thanks. I'm just getting that down And did you find out how old he is?
C Sure, he's around our age. you know - well, a couple of years older, he's 27, quite a big man.
quite muscular, impressive, with a big moustache
D And what does he do?
C Well, actually, he just says he's an office worker, you know, just one of those people with
quite a routine job in an office
D Mm. doesn’t sound like he finds his job very interesting Has he got any experience, do you
know, of going off to remote places on foot?
C Yes. he's been all over the place He was telling me all about a trip he made in a Land Rover
across Central Africa from one side to the other, which sounded pretty exciting And dangerous
D Great! I think it would be really interesting to cross Central Africa. I'd love to do that.
Anything physical? I mean, where he actually had to walk instead of driving - you know, being so
muscular, as you say?
 C Mm. I was coming to that Last year, he went to Russia with some friends in their summer
holidays and they went up a mountain Let's see. urn, Mount Elbrus, it's called
D Wow. now that's really quite something. By the way. Elbrus is spelled E-L-B-R-O-S. isn't it?
C Not quite, it's U-S
D Ah. OK What qualifications does he have which would interest us? Has he done any sort of
specialist training, for example?
C Well, he's done a course in first aid. which may be pretty useful. If any of us get injured, he
should know what to do.
D Good It might be useful to have someone who knows how to do first aid in case someone has
an accident. Can he swim?
C I didn’t ask. now you mention it I forgot. But he did tell me he can hold conversations in five
languages He's not fluent in all of them, but he can get by. He grew up in India, and I suppose that
helps, you know, for learning languages, though now he lives over here.
D Right. What else’ Has he been to university, for instance?
C Yes. he graduated in media studies, though he says he's never worked in the media
D: OK. and when he’s not off on expeditions to remote places, what does he like doing in his
spare time’
C He seems to do all sorts of things One thing he told me which could be useful is that he likes
fishing
D Yes. we’d better tell him to bring his fishing rod - that is. if we choose him
C And he seems to spend a lot of time at the gym - he says he really likes to keep fit And when
you meet him. you’ll believe it’s true.
D Great, another fitness fanatic, like you Well, sounds like I should meet him. doesn't it’ When
can you fix that up?
TRANSCRIPT
⊳Practice 1-1
Narrator: One
Woman: Have you moved into your new house yet?
Man: Not yet But we've got a date.
W: When's that?
M: Two weeks today. on Friday the 13th
N: two
W: Have you come far today?
M: No. just from Crawford
W: Docford? Where's that?
M: No. Crawford. That's C R A W F-O-R D.
N: Three
W: What's your phone number?
M: Do you want my home number or my mobile?
W: You’d better give me your mobile.
M: OK. it's 0870 292720
N: Four
M: Do you know Sue’s address? I want to send her a birthday card
W: Sure, it's 70 Sidney Avenue. Lowestoft
M: 17. Sidney Avenue, thanks
W: No. 70. And that s Sidney with an I, not a Y S-l-D-N-E-Y.
⊳Practise 1-2
Narrator: One
Man: What's your name?
Woman: Julenne Beiley.
M: Did you say Juliet?
W: No. Julienne. J-U-L-l-E-N-N-E
M: And Bailey with an >?
W: that’s right. B-A-l-L-E-Y
N: Two
M: I tried calling you last night, but I couldn’t get through.
W: Oh. sorry. I was out Next time, try my mobile.
M: What's the number?
W: Got a pen? OK. It’ s 0865 701158.
N: Three
W: Could you give me your address, please’
M: Sure, it's 113 Evenlode Road. Fenton.
W: 113 Evenlode Road. Ex, could you spell the name of the road for me?
M: Sure. It's E-V-E-N-L-O-D-E
W: Thanks.
N: Four
M: How long have you been here?
W: Let me see. I arrived on the 1st no. sorry. I arrived on the 3rd of April so I’ve been here for
nine days

Practice 1-3

Man: Hello. Good Moves Accommodation Agency. Ben speaking. How can I help?

Woman: Good morning. I’m calling about an apartment on your website, and was wondering if I
could have some more information.

M: Certainly. Can I take your details before we get started?

W: Sure.

M: Right, what's your name, please?

W: OK, my name is Clarice Willard. Clarice is C-L-A -R -l-C-E.

And Willard, W -l-L-L-A-R-D.

M: And have you got a contact number?

W: Yes, I’ll give you my mobile, which is 0192 8734566.

M: That’s great, thanks. And can I ask how you found US?

W: Of course. A family member used you last year and recommended you. So, I had a look at
your website and, well, that’s why I’m calling now.

M: OK, so, which property are you interested in?

W: The apartment on Statham Street, the one on the 3rd floor.

M : Let me see. Ah, I’m afraid that flat’s no longer available.

W: No?

M : No, it went this morning. It’s in a really popular part of town.

We do have a house on the same street, if you’re interested. It's £950 a month.

W: Er, no, I think that’s much too expensive. I think an apartment is all we can afford.

M : Oh, so it’s not just for you?

W: No, me and a friend. We’re both starting work in the town next month.

M: Oh right, so it’s two of you. So, let’s see. Do you have any preferences in terms of location?

W: Both our jobs are in the town centre, so it would be good to be within walking distance of
that, or perhaps a short bus journey away. Neither of us have a car, so we’d be relying on public
transport.

M: And what’s your budget?

W: I’m sorry?

M: How much can you pay a month?

W: Let me see, er, £700 a month is probably our limit.

M: Each?

W: No, that would be for the both of US. We wouldn't be able to pay more than £350 each. Oh,
and that would have to include bills. Not phone bills, obviously, but things like electricity, gas
and water.

M: Hmm, OK, well, we do have a place in the Bampton district, which is about ten minutes by bus
from town. It’s a two-bedroom apartment, and it’s less than your budget, at £600 a month. Bills
would be extra, unfortunately, butthat should still work out at less than £700. Although
remember that electricity and gas prices are going up all the time, so I can’t guarantee that.
W: Do you have an address?

M: Ido. The apartment number is 3, and it’s at 57 Thorney Leys Road ...

W: Hang on, let me just make a note of that. 57 ...

M: Thomey Leys Road. Thorney is T-H -O -R-N -E-Y and Leys is L-E-Y-S. And the district is called
Bampton. Do you have an email address?

W: Yes.

M: In that case, I can send you the details, and then you can think about it. And if you're
interested, I could arrange fora visit so you can see the place for yourself. How does that sound?

W: Oh, that would be really helpful. It’s clarice_willard @......[fade]

PRACTISE 2

⊳Practise 2-3
Bridget: Hello, Eddie? It's Bridget.
Eddie: Oh hi, Bridget.
B: Listen, Eddie, are you still free to do an article for the college magazine?
E: Sure, is there anything in particular you’d like me to write about?
B: Well, (he next issue is about people’s lives, you know, people who have done something
interesting or exciting. Anyway, I've got someone lined up, and I was wondering if you could
interview them and then write the article.
E: All right, that’s fine with me.
B: Great. Have you got a pen?
E: Yes.
B: OK. take this down. His name is Tom Coogan.
E: Tom...?
B: Coogan. That’s C-O-O-G-A-N. Got that?
E: Sure, and what does he do?
B: He’s a travel writer.
E: I don’t think I've heard of him. What else can you tell me about him? How old is he? What’s he
written? That sort of thing.
B: OK. he's 42 years old. er. and he's written ten or twelve books. Let me just check that. Uh huh.
twelve books, including his latest. Oh, and he also presents a travel programme on TV.
E: All right.
B: Now. his latest book is about a journey he made across the Gobi desert on horseback. It took
him six months, apparently. Anyway. I think he’d like to talk about that, so make sure you ask
lots of questions.
E: Fine, I'd better look at a copy. What's it called?
B: It's called Has Anyone Seen My Horse ? I've got a copy here which I can lend you.
E: OK, and why does he want to talk about that book in particular?
B: It's just won him an award.
E: Really? What kind?
B: Travel Book of the Year.
E: Oh, wow. that's pretty impressive.
Practice 3
A: Good morning - Dave Smith speaking.
B: Hi - could I speak to the organiser of the Preston Park Run? A: Yes that’s me.
B: Great - urn - I was talking to some friends of mine about the run and they suggested I contact
you to get some more details.
A: Sure - what would you like to know?
B: Well - they said it takes place every Saturday, is that right? A: Yes it does.
B: OK-great!
A: Do you know where the park is?
B: Oh yes - I've been there before. But it's quite big and I'm not sure where to go.
A: Well there's a circular track that goes right around the park. The run starts at the café, goes
past the tennis courts then twice around the lake and finishes back where it started.
B: OK and what lime is the run?
A: Well the actual run begins at 9 am but the runners start arriving at about 8.45.
B: OK - so I need to get up early Saturday morning then. And how long is the run?
A: Well it used to be three kilometres but most people wanted to do a bit more than that so we
lengthened it to five kilometres - we now go round the lake twice and that adds an extra two
kilometres.
B: Right - not sure I've ever run that far so I'd better start doing a bit of training.
A: Thai's a good idea. But it's not a race, it's really just for fun and the best thing would be to take
it easy the first few times you do it and then see if you can gradually improve your time.
B: Is the run timed then? How do I know how well I've done?
A: When you cross the finish line you'll be given a bar code and you take this to one of the run
volunteers, who will scan it. Then you can get your lime online when you go home.
B: Oh - I see. You collect all the results.
A: Exactly.
B: I see - that's great. So how do I register?
A: Well there are several ways. I could take your details over the phone but it's much easier if
you do it using the website.
B: OK - good. Um, I think that's probably all I need to know for now. Oh yes - does it cost
anything to register or do you collect money each week?
A: Well it doesn't cost anything to register but we do charge for the run. In fact we have just
increased the charge to £1.50. It used to be a pound but because we were making a bit of a loss
we have had to increase it by 50p.
B: OK thanks. I think I have enough information on taking part in the run.¡

pause
B: Um - you mentioned volunteers. I have a friend who is interested in helping out. Can you give
me some details so I can pass them on to her?
A: Sure - well you need to ask your friend to contact Pete Maughan. He manages all the
volunteers.
B: OK - I didn't quite catch his surname - was it Morn - M-O-R-N?
A: No - just a bit more complicated - it's M-A-U-G-H-A-N
B: Right - thanks. And could you give me his phone number?
A: Yes - just a moment. It's here somewhere - let me just find it. Ah I've two numbers for him. I
think the one that begins 0-1-2-7-3 is an old one so use this one: it's Q-l-4- double 4-7-3-2-9-
double zero.
B: OK - got that. Can you tell me anything about the volunteering? Like what kind of activities it
involves?
A: Sure - well we need volunteers for basic stuff like setting up the course. We have to do that
before all the runners arrive.
B: OK - so that's a really early start!
A: Yes that's right. But if your friend would prefer to arrive a bit later she can also help with
guiding the runners so they don't go the wrong way.
B: I see. I believe you do a report on some of the races.
A: Yes that's right. In fact we do a weekly report on each race and we always try to illustrate it.
B: OK - well my friend really likes taking photographs. She's just bought a new camera.
A: Actually that would be great. I don't know whether Pete has anyone to take photographs this
week.
B: Oh, I'll let her know.
A: OK good. Could you ask your friend to phone Pete and let him know?
B: Yes I will.
A: OK thanks. Goodbye.
B: Goodbye.

LISTENING 3
I. Identifying function

(⊳11)
Section 1
A: Hi Sam, we'd better start planning the party, it's in less than two weeks, isn't
it?
B: Yeah, I guess it is. There isn’t much to do, is there?
A: Well, we need to sort out food, for a start.
B: Why don't we just order some pizzas?
A: But we always do that. Let's do something ___________. Besides, it's pretty
expensive.
B: What about a barbecue then, or we could just do hot dogs. A: Hmm,
___________________________. There are a lot coming, you know.
B: Sandwiches then? That's easy enough.
A: Sandwiches? That's a good idea. Hmm. hang on, that would be even more
preparation than the barbecue! ________________________________________, I
suppose.
B: Pizzas it is, then!
A: Now, we also need to think about music, and invitations.
B: Well, _______________________, I think we should just do them on the computer
and __________________.
A: Good idea. And what about music?
B: We can just _________________ we had last time. It's fine.
A: OK. well, if we don't let people know soon there won't be anyone there. So
__________________________. Have you got your laptop?
B: Yeah, told you there wasn't much to do.
Section 3
A: Hi Julie, have you got time to plan our project?
B: Sure. I've got a few minutes. We need to choose a topic
____________________________________, don't we?
A: That's right. _________________________________?
B: Well, _______________________________ water pollution last year so we could just
do that?
A: Actually, the tutor did make a point of saying not to use last year's materials.
So we'd better not.
B: _______________________________now anyway. Also, it
_______________________________and I think we're supposed to
_______________________________.
A: That's right. We could look at something totally different, like
_______________________________.
B: Hmm, good idea. And we could make sure we include all of the sources, like
traffic and factories.
A: So, what else do we need to do? Shall we go to the library and
_______________________________?
B: Actually. I think _______________________________. The good resources in the
library are often _______________________________. Anyway, before we
_______________________________which topic we've chosen, I think we need to ask
the others what they're doing.
A: You're right. We need to make sure we're not all doing the same thing. Let's
ask them this afternoon _______________________________.
B: Great idea.

III. Table completion – Sentence completion

TRANSCRIPTS

Thank you for calling the phoneline for the Pacton-on-Sea bus tour. This is a recorded message
__________________________________________ and it provides general information on the town bus tour.
Pacton-on-Sea is ___________________________________ and has _____________________ for many years. One
of the best ways of getting to know the town is to take the bus tour, which provides a wonderful
viewing experience from one of our open-top buses. The tour is _____________________________ and
there are a total of 4 stops where passengers can ________________________________. A lot of people
start at the first stop which is at the train station as this is where many tourists
____________________________. The next stop after the station is ____________________________ which is
famous for its dolphin show and which has recently ______________________________________. This is
well worth a visit and is very __________________________________. Leaving the aquarium, the bus tour
goes along the coast road and after a few kilometres comes to the Old Fishing Village where you
can ___________________________________________________________. There are some original buildings here
but most of the area has been modernised and is now _______________________________________________
including yachts and some amazing power boats. The tour then _____________________ to the last
stop and this is where most of the shops are. So for those of you keen to ____________________________
this is the place for you. Our advice is to go to this part of the town in the morning when it is
____________________________. It does get very busy in the afternoons, especially
_____________________________________________. This area of the town includes
____________________________________ where many people like to have their photograph taken - so do
look out for this.

[pause]
Now some details of ______________________________. A family ticket, which includes two adults and
up to three children, costs £30. An adult ticket costs £1 5, children under the age of fifteen are £5
and student tickets are £10 as long as you have a student card. ______________________________________,
which means that you can get on and off the bus as many times as you like _________________________.
So you could, for example, start the tour in the afternoon and complete it the following morning.
The first bus of the day _________________________ at 10 am and the last one of the day leaves at 6 pm.
Buses leave every thirty minutes and each tour takes a total of fifty minutes. There are many
attractions at each of the stops, so wherever you get off the bus there will be plenty to do. The
bus tour tickets ________________________________ to any of these attractions apart from the museum
______________________________________________. Some buses have ______________________, who will point
out places of interest and will provide information on the town. However, we cannot
______________ that every bus will have a guide and so we also have ___________________________ that
has been specially recorded for the bus tour by the tourist office. _______________________________ on
the bus and these are ______________________. There is no extra charge for these - just
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________.
Due to the winter months being rather cold and wet in Pacton- on-Sea, the bus tours only
_______________________________________. The weather is usually warm and sunny during these months
so remember to ____________________________________, especially on hot days. And of course,
_____________________________________ here in the summer so if the weather looks bad, remember to
________________________________________. The bus tours are available no matter what the weather.
_____________________________________ the tours can get very busy so __________________________________.
You can book tickets online, over the phone and also at the station and at any of the other tour
stops. When ___________________________________ you can collect your tickets at any of the stops at the
start of your tour. When you do it online you can _______________________________ which you must
remember to bring with you.
Thank you for calling the Pacton-on-Sea phoneline and we look forward to seeing you soon on
one of our tour buses.
PRACTICE 1

⊳L3_Practise 1_1
Good morning, everyone, and welcome to the museum Um there are a few points that you need
to remember, so. before you go in. I'll just ________________ Then you can all go off and have a good
time!
So. first of all. you've all paid and you all have a ticket that allows you to go anywhere in the
museum and _________________________ the 3D cinema So you need to make sure that you put the
ticket somewhere that is ____________________________________. This is ____________________ you'll need to
show it to our staff if you decide to go out at any time - there are two restaurants which are
outdoors, for example - and. um. anyone who does decide to go outside should go and
______________________________. ____________________________________________ unless there really is an
emergency!
Now. I'm afraid that if you want to take photographs, you have to _________________________________
we don't allow visitors to take photographs of anything in the museum unless they have a
permit If you'd like a picture of you and your friends at any time, just let us know We have
__________________________________________________ who'll take a photo for you
Um, another thing is that you must keep everything that __________________________ with you all the
time. A lot of people will come to the museum during the day - you'll probably be here for most
of the day yourselves - so __________________________________ and make sure you don't leave your
mobile phone anywhere. It's easily done, and ______________________________________________ while
you're here.
Er, as I mentioned earlier, you can go and see any of the films that are on in the 3D cinema. I’ll
tell you about those in a minute - there's also a _____________________________________________________.
I suggest you ________________________________________________________________ early It takes very little
time to seat everyone, so you won't be waiting for the show to begin.
Well, I think those are all the instructions I need to give you

⊳L3_Practise 1_2
OK . the films which are on today are being shown at different times. They’re also about some
amazing subjects__________________________________________ about them.
The first one is called The Secrets of the Nile and _________________________ at ten o’clock. It’s a
beautiful film and it ____________________________________ that was made down the river Nile for the
very first time . starting in the mountains of Ethiopia and ________________________ the Sudan and
Egypt before reaching the Mediterranean Sea. You'll ________________________________ as they explore
some of Africa’s truly ____________________________________.
The second film moves off land and into the sea. It’s called Wild Ocean, and this one begins at 11
45 So you have some time to look round the museum first if you _______________________. In this film,
you'll join the huge number of fish and other animals that ___________________________________________.
You'll see them search for food, ____________________________________________________.
Dinosaurs Alive is the third film showing today. It starts at 1.45 p.m and runs for just 30 minutes.
This is a film for people who like __________________________ because there are plenty of them.
Scientists now have __________________________ to show that some animals from the dinosaur family
are still living on Earth. So in this film, you'll __________________________ of dinosaur that has been re-
created using computers
Our final film today is simply titled Arabia It starts at 2 30 and is a little longer than the others,
but it’s a really wonderful experience You'll _______________________________________________ You’ll also
_______________________________ of the Red Sea where you'll ______________________________________________
Well, these are all __________________________, so I’ll let you decide what you want to see If anyone
has any questions

PRACTICE 2
⊳L3_Practise 2_1

Hello, everyone. In a few minutes we'll be ___________________________ to tire Palace of Korn Ombane.
There are a few things I should mention before we go. so please ____________________________
Now. there are three groups of us on this trip, and we’ll be using three coaches to _________________
______________. They each have numbers ___________________, and ours is coach 2. Please check that
you _________________________, both at this end and when we come back, otherwise I'll be running
around looking for you. So, coach 2.
The palace is probably going to be very busy, so please ______________________________ when we get
there. If you lose me, __________________________________ which is _________________________________, and
you'll find me there. Alternatively, call me on my mobile. The number’s in your information pack.
Your pack also _________________________________________________. Keep hold of this, as you can use it to
_______________________________ in the cafes and restaurant at the palace.
Now. these days, the palace is a museum, but you’ll be surprised to hear that people still live
there. No. they’re _____________________________ but local people who work at the palace, and their
families. Many of them _____________________________, so they make a great subject for a photograph.
But please ask them if it's OK before doing this. These people may also offer to sell you small
__________________________________ that they've made. They ___________________________. They'll probably
ask you for about $20 or so for these, but ____________________________ - indeed, its usually expected
to offer them less. 30 percent below the asking price would be _____________________________, but
please don’t try to go lower than that. The statues, by the way, are a copy of the large statue of
King Hupugarta which is just ____________________________. A quick word of warning: This is of great
significance to the locals, and while nobody will _________________________________________. they don t
like people toughing it. So, _____________________________________ when you walk past him, please.
OK. so that's the ____________________________________________. Does anyone have any questions about…

⊳L3_Practise 2_2
I’ d like to briefly tell you about ________________________________ at the palace. You'll find these on the
map in your information pack. Now, one of the first things you'll see is the statue of King
Hupugarta which I just mentioned. This is on the right hand side of Monument Court
_____________________________________________________, er, Monument Court so called because of the
many statues of kings, queens and other ____________________________ there. Dating back to 123 BCE,
the King’s statue is 6 metres high, ___________________________________________, and dotted with jewels.
That’s _______________________, by the way. not just paint. Unfortunately, the jewels are made of
glass. ____________________________ were stolen many centimes ago.
Just ___________________________ is the Temple of the Sun. This is the oldest pal of the palace, and is
___________________to be about 2.700 years old. It ____________________________, but now there are just
the columns that supported it There are ___________________________, each one rising between 20 and
25 metres from the ground to ____________________________________ on which the roof originally rested
To the left of the Temple of the Sun is the New Palace, and it's here that you'll find the Royal
Chambers. Er, it's called the New Palace because it's the newest part of _____________________________,
although it was actually completed in 1346, which makes it quite old. really. Anyway, the Royal
Chambers were where kings and queens from ____________________________________ had their private
rooms, bedrooms, bathrooms, things like that. It was also where they would have ________________
______________, although these have now been moved to the palace museum, which is also worth a
visit. This was opened in March 2010. no sorry. 2011. As well as valuables like ____________________
___________________________, the museum also ___________________________________________________, including
a sword that is said to have belonged to King Hupugarta himself.

LISTENING 4
I. Identifying distractors
(⊳13)
1
A: Right, so, you need to book some flights, is that right?
B: Yes. for me and my family. We're going to Scotland for my sister's wedding.
A: Oh. lovely! When’s the wedding?
B: It's on 21st July.
A: That should be wonderful, but 1 assume you'll want to fly in earlier? What about the 20th or
even the 19th?
B: It will have to be the 18th, I've actually got to attend a special dinner on the 19th.
2
Welcome aboard, everyone! I hope you’ll enjoy your stay with us and get a lovely glimpse of
country life. We're going to a wonderful market on Tuesday morning. I’m sure you'll love that
with all the local farm produce on sale. Then on the Wednesday you'll get to see where all that
lovely produce comes from as John Smith, a local farmer, has invited us to see him at work. On
Thursday, you’ll have a day to relax before we leave on Friday.
3
A: So. what topic arc we going to choose for our project? It's due in three weeks.
B: I know, it's not a lot of time. I was going to suggest we do one on the environment.
A: But that's so broad a topic. We should try to narrow it down. What about recycling?
B: That’s a good idea, there's a lot of information and I think the other groups are concentrating
on pollution. So this would be nice and different.
4
We encountered quite a few problems during our research. Firstly, the weather was horrendous
and made our work conditions very difficult indeed. Luckily, we had the right equipment to deal
with that, and could carry on regardless. Unfortunately though, in spite of having so many
volunteers, we did run out of funds halfway through the project. So, we were forced to postpone
the second half of our trip.
II. Recognising paraphrase
(⊳14)
1
A: We really need to organise our trip, you know.
B: I know, I was thinking the same. We need to arrange accommodation and flights.
A: And we'll need transport while we're there - we could hire a car?
B: My dad said we could borrow his.
A: Well, that's one less thing to worry about.
B: I'm a bit worried that hotels will all get booked up.
A: OK. let's sort that out straight away.
B: Yes. then I can contact the travel agent and book our flights in the morning.
A: Great.
2
I just wanted to tell you about some of the recent changes we've made to the garden at the back
of the complex, which we all have access to. As you know, there are some attractive and well-
established plants in there and we didn't want to take any of these out. But many of these are
struggling in the harsh sun, which falls directly on that area. To solve this we're going to plant
trees along the western edge of the garden, just near the pond. This should also become a very
pleasant place to sit and watch the ducks in the water.
3
A: It's nearly there. I think we've found plenty of information.
B: Yes. lots, in fact do you think we need to reduce any of it?
A: Not at all. in fact, I was thinking we could try and include some of those nice graphics you
found.
B: OK, it would certainly make it look a bit more interesting.
4
Studying ice cores in the South Pole can tell us a lot about the past climate, which, in turn, can
help us understand how today's climate is changing. My particular area of study is snow. While
we scientists understand the process of how snow is created, very little is known about how
snow interacts with the atmosphere and influences our weather patterns. One of the things
we’re trying to do is to link what we already know about meteorology and clouds and determine
the impact that snow has on that.

III. Selecting from a list

(⊳15)
In today's show I'm going to be looking at what's new in technology this week. And I'd like to
start by looking at the much-awaited OP56 mobile phone from technology giants Optiware. It
has some amazing features. The first thing you notice is how much slimmer and lighter it is
compared to the heavier older models. It's incredible considering that they have actually
increased the screen size on this one, though it still fits neatly into your pocket. They've also
improved the camera and you'll find you can take much better quality photos on this model. This
has an impact on the batten' though, as it takes a lot of power and I found it didn't run for very
long before needing to be recharged. Despite all its amazing features, it’s extremely easy to use.
but I do have to say that it is overpriced, and will be beyond the budget of most people shopping
for a new phone.
IV. Sentence completion – Pick from a list
⊳L4_Sentence completion, Pick from a list_1
Irina: Good morning. Can you tell me about ___________________________________, please?
Man: Certainly, we've got ___________________________, depending on whether you want to just visit
____________________________ or all of it It’s ________________________________________, and because it's so
large, you may not be interested in everything or have time for everything. You can buy tickets
just for the sections you want to visit, and that ____________________________________
I: Well. um. I've really come here to see things to ___________________________________.
M: Right Then I think you'll find the first part of the exhibition as you go in is ___________________
It's all about electronics and how we can use them to protect the world around us - you know,
the environment and what we can do to ____________________________________
I: Protecting the environment. That sounds interesting. Anything I should specially look out for
there
M: There are _____________________________. One which fascinated me when I went round was
____________________________________________ how the temperature of the ocean changes at different
levels, and this can be done from a ship _________________________________________________________
I: Great, I' ll look out for that
M: OK. and I see you've got your son with you, which is nice because the subject of the next
section is all about different things for ______________________________________________ and looking after
their safety. It ______________________________________, from __________________________________ to children's
electronic games and even a number of new devices to _________________________________ when they'
re at home.
I: That sounds useful.
M: Yes, there's even an invention for older children - you'll ___________________________________ of it
while you're there which helps parents to make sure their kids are going to school. Really useful
in families where both parents work It ______________________________________ parents about their kids
attendance and sends them _________________________________________.
I: very convenient. But my son is a bit young to worry about that yet. Are there any other
sections which feature electronics?
M: Sure. There's another section - it's the third you come to, I think - which should interest
everyone _____________________________________________________________________ for looking after and
working with money - you know, like that thing you must have heard of which counts what
you're putting into your supermarket trolley and _____________________________ as you go around.
I: Right, money - that sounds interesting, too. Well, thanks for the information I'd like tickets for
myself and my son for those three sections, then, please
⊳L4_Sentence completion, Pick from a list_2
Woman: Excuse me
Irina: Yes?
W: Before you go through, I wonder if you could help us by answering a few questions for a
survey. It won’t take long.
I: No problem. We’re not in any hurry
W Fine, thanks. Now. er, let’s look at the questions
I: OK
W: Here they are. First one: Why are you visiting the exhibition?
I: Well, I want to _________________________________________________________________, you know - I was
recommended by a friend to come here and see what ____________________________________________ and
learn a bit I mean. I don’t generally go shopping for new electronics. I'm not _______________________
who goes out and buys __________________________ - the prices are too high when they’re new. But it
interests me, and I thought also there would be things which would interest my son and he’d
enjoy it as well, so that’s why we're here.
W: OK and here’s a question to find out what _____________________ you are: Have you bought any
electronics recently?
I: Recently? Sure I was thinking of buying ________________________________, but I decided it wasn’t
really necessary because I can _____________________________ just as easily on a computer. Anyway, I
got a new laptop recently because, you know, they have so many applications and they don’t
___________________________________either. Better to have lots of things on the same device. I think the
other thing I bought was a present for my husband’s birthday. I thought it would be nice to have
_________________________________________, so I bought him a camera and I’m hoping to get him more
______________________________. I’m not very keen on the sort of pictures you can take with a mobile
phone, you see I think it's belter to ____________________________________
W: Right And here’s a question about this building I know you haven’t had a chance to look
around a lot yet. but at first sight, what do you think of it?
I: Oh. it looks pretty good to me. It’s got ______________________________________, so you don’t have to
___________________________________________, which can be _______________________________. It feels very
large and spacious, which is great because although it’s full of activity and quite noisy, it doesn’t
______________________________. Also, when you __________________________________________ with the design
of stars and planets on it. That’s something I really like. I'm not so keen on those __________________,
though I always feel I’m going to get stuck in one
W: And did you have any difficulties getting to the exhibition’
I: Well, coming at this time of day the roads weren’t too busy, so that was all right and there
were _______________________, so the car park was easy to find. The only problem was it was full
when I arrived - I guess I should have come earlier - so I had to find another one quite a long
walk away, which was a pity. Then we had to stand outside for quite ________________________________
- this exhibition is pretty popular. That was a bit of a problem, because my son ____________________,
but fortunately it wasn't raining, otherwise we might have gone home.

Practice 1
Transcripts
⊳L4_Practise 1_1

Researcher: Hello. Joe. Good to see you again.

Joe: Hi, you too.
R: So how did you ______________________________ we asked you to test torus?
J: Oh. Fine. well. mostly
R: OK. well we‘ll come back to those in a minute. First of all, I was wondering if I could ask you a
few questions about your _______________________________________________. This will help us with future
marketing. Is that OK?
J: Sure.
R: OK. First of all. how much do you spend on electronic items a month?
J: hmm. let me see. _____________________________ so I don't have much left after I've paid for things
like rent, bills, food and so on. Anything else is a luxury. So, I'd guess about 5%, maybe 10% of
my monthly salary.
R: All right, and what ____________________________________________________? Say you wanted a new
mobile phone, how would you decide which one to buy?
J: Won. first I _______________________________________ you know, what other customers think about
them. Then I'll ask my friends what they think. In fact, ____________________________________________
than anything.
R: How much does ______________________________________________________?
J: I think that depends on how the product is advertised, and who is advertising it.
R: For example?
J: Well, if it’s someone I respect, you know, like ________________________________ or actor, that can
________________________________ I know it shouldn't really, but it does
R: And where do you buy most of these products? I he High Street? The Internet?
J: Most people seem to avoid shops, these days, don't they, for things like that? They
________________________________________________________________________.
R: Right.
J: But I find that if you say to _________________________ that you can get a new. er. camera for
example, for £100 on the Internet they'll often _______________________________ So. that’s where I go.
R: Any ______________________________?
J: Well, you ________________________________ and you don't have to wait for the product to be
delivered. ___________________________ means you have to wait, sometimes for ages, to get the things
you've just bought. I hate that. I guess ____________________________________
R: OK. one final question. Do you ever see a product and think “I've absolutely got to get one of
those”
J: Oh. all the time, especially if I'm walking past a shop and I see a new electronic item in the
window. especially if _______________________, you know. something I’ve never seen before.
_______________________________________________...

⊳L4_Practise 1_2
Researcher: Right Joe. let’s move on. Now. we gave you three items to test for us. Let’s start with
the mobile phone.
Joe: OK. well, it has its good points and its bad points
The ______________________________________________________________________, you know, modern, exciting.
R: Right. Anything else?
J: Wei. It’s very small, isn’t it? I know people say small is good, but in this case I think you might
_______________________________________.
R: In what way?
J: it can be _________________________________. especially if you’ve got big hands like mine. You press
one key, and you ________________________________________________________. On the other hand, thanks to
the oval design, _____________________________________________. Mobiles are usually _______________________,
aren’t they? I think this is much better?
R: OK.
J: What else? When I was sending text messages, I had tea problems seeing what I was writing.
It’s not that the screen was too small, just that ____________________________. If you're outside, you
can hardly see anything on it.
R: We added a few things that you don’t __________________________. What did you think about those?
J: Ah. right, well. that noise it makes if you move away from it? __________________________________. It’s
basically a good idea, but I Hunk that after a while it would ______________________________.
R: So. you probably wouldn’t buy it?
J: Probably not. When I buy a mobile phone, I don't want one that's going to _______________________.
There’s no point having a phone that looks good if you have to ______________________________________
or send a text message It's fumy, but I find that more expensive mobile phones are more difficult
to use than cheaper ones. It should he the other way round
R: So keep it simple, right?
J: Right And I want a phone that doesn't have problems _________________________________ or doesn’t
____________________________________________________. And all those games and other things you get on a
mobile? I really can't see the point in those
R: Fair point Next, the digital radio. What did you think?
J: The _____________________________________ and clear, even if you turned it up really loud. Some
sound systems can _________________________________________________________, but not on this one. So 10
out of 10 for that
R: Great
J: The thing is. I’m not sure if it's the area I live in. but _______________________________________________.
It didn't make any difference what I did with the aerial or where I put the radio, __________________,
low down on the floor And there seemed to be a delay when you turned up the volume.
R: What do you mean?
J: Well, when you __________________________________, for example, nothing seems to happen for a few
seconds. And the same thing happens when you want to _____________________________s.
R: OK. the third item was the laptop computer. What's your opinion on that?
J: Oh. I really liked it. It’s so small, so ______________, but easy to use at the same time. I don’t think
you could make it smaller if you tried But at £900. I’m not sure you’d get many customers. That’s
a lot of money for a laptop. _________________________________, say. £400 and things might be different
R: Any other changes you'd make? Like adding more memory, for example?
J: l think that’s fine as it is. Three hundred gigabytes of memory are probably more than enough
or most people. Oh. and incidentally, ______________________________________ so that it’s like a full-size
one? That's really clever. But the computer doesn’t have anywhere you can play CD-ROMS. And
I’d _____________________________________________ so you can use it when it’s dark.
R: Well, thanks Joe for your comments. I think we (fade]
Transcripts
⊳L4_Practise 2

Randhir: Hello - I'm Randhir Ghotra from the ____________________________________.

Dave: Ah yes. Good. I'm Dave Hadley. Thanks for coming to see me.
Randhir: That's OK. I believe you want us to do some work for you?
Dave: Yes that's right. Um, I'm responsible for __________________________________________ and I use a
computer system to ____________________________________________ and _______________________________. But
it really doesn't suit the way we work these days. It’s over ten years old and although it was fine
when it was first introduced, it is just not good enough now.
Randhir: OK - ________________________________________________?
Dave: Well, 20 years ago, the college was quite small, and we didn't have the numbers of
students or tutors that we have now.
Randhir: So the system can't __________________________________________...
Dave: Well, there's a lot more data now and it sometimes seems __________________________________
but, in fact, it just takes ages to go from one screen to the next.
Randhir: Right. Is that the only problem?
Dave: Well that's the main one, but there are others. In the past, doing the timetabling was quite
simple but now we have a lot more courses and _____________________________________ is that many of
them have options.
Randhir: Right - but the system should ___________________________________.
Dave: Well no, it doesn't. ________________________________ - and a few years ago we did ask someone
from the technologies department to fix it, but they never seemed to have the time.
Randhir: Hmm ... are there any other issues with the system?
Dave: Well - I've been given _____________________________ and so I have even less time to do the
timetabling. If there was anything you could do,
Randhir, to _________________________________________, that would be really helpful.
Randhir: Well it sounds like you could do with an assistant but that's ______________________________,
so what about having an online system that student can use to do their scheduling
Dave: How would that work?
Randhir: Well - it may mean less choice for students, but we could ____________________________
_________________________________and they could then view what was available ...
Dave: ... and work it out for themselves - that sounds great.
Randhir: OK. so ... um ... we’ll need to decide whether or not to _____________________________________
or to __________________________________________.
Dave: Well I'd much prefer to have a new system. Quite frankly. I've had enough of the old one.
Randhir: OK - that'll probably take longer although it may save you money in the long run.
When were you hoping to have this in place?
Dave: Well it's January now and _________________________________________ will be in September. We
need to __________________________________________ - in the next few weeks really.
Randhir: Well it will take more than a few weeks, I'm afraid. As ___________________________________ I
think we'll be looking at April or May to improve the existing system but for a new system it
would take at least nine months. That would be October at the earliest.
[pause}
Dave: What are the next steps if we are to have a new system?
Randhir: Well, the first question is - do you have support from your _______________________________?
Dave: Yes, I've already discussed it with them and they're also keen to gel this work done.
Randhir: OK, because I was going to say, that's the first thing you need to do and
______________________________________________________________.
Dave: Yes, I've done that.
Randhir: That's good.
Dave: Actually, they mentioned that there's ________________________ I need to complete to
______________________________________________.
Randhir: Yes - that's the next thing you need to do. I'll send you an email with a link so you can
fill it in online. It's called a _______________________________.
Dave: OK, great. And then what happens?
Randhir: Well, I have a list of things, but I think the third thing you should do is see Samir.
___________________________ who will look at the system and identify what needs to be done.
Dave: OK - can you ______________________________ and I'll set up a meeting with him.
Randhir: OK that's good, so we should soon be able to get a team together to start the work.
Some members of our team work in different locations so it's not easy to
________________________________________.
Dave: That's OK - ______________________________________________ providing they are not late at night.
Randhir: Right - so I'll send you details of the team and if you could ____________________________
that would be great.
Dave: OK, I'll do that.
Randhir: Thanks.

Practice 3:
⊳L4_Practise 3

Martina: Oil hi George, how's it going?

George: Hi Manina, it's going well. How about you? How's university life?
Martina: Well it's great - _________________________________________.
George: Yeah - me too! What are you studying? I seem to remember that you were going to do
Art. That was your best subject, wasn't it?
Martina: No - not really - I just liked the teacher. He was French and ______________________________.
My favourite subject was History, but I couldn't see _______________________________________________
George: Ah, right. So what did you choose?
Martina: Well _________________________________________________. I was really good at Science but I must
admit I never really enjoyed studying it. So, in the end I ____________________________ which was my
__________________________________ and I thought it would be more useful to me than studying
anything else. So - that's what I'm doing. Um - how are you finding university?
George: Well - ______________________________________________
Martina: Are you finding it difficult?
George: Well, some of it. I'm doing Mechanical Engineering which is really interesting, but it
covers quite a lot of areas like _________________________________________________________ and of course
mechanics - and they're all fine. But it's maths that _____________________________________. It's a lot
harder than it was at school.
Martina: I can believe it. It all sounds very difficult to me. But then I never was very
____________________________________. I suppose it must ________________________________________________?
George: Well - not at the moment. Currently, it's nearly all theory, so it's _________________________
Martina: I guess you need to start with that so that you can ______________________________________
and learn a few facts before you start _________________________________. It must be a lot different to
the course that I'm taking.
George: Yes - but in a few weeks we'll be having a lot more ____________________________. In fact. I've
got a great assignment this term ______________________________________ which means I'll be going on
_________________________________________________.
Martina: Oh - that's great. It sounds like you're going to be very busy.
George: Yes I'm not sure how I'm going to ________________________. We have a lot of lectures - and
that's fine. ____________________________________ and I learn a lot from them. But we also have a lot of
seminars, and I find with so many people ____________________________, it can _________________________.
It would be better if we didn't have so many of those.
Martina: Yes - it's the same for me.
(pause)
Um - how are the students at your place?
George: Well I haven't really met anyone yet. __________________________
Martina: Perhaps they're working hard - ____________________________________ here, but they are very
friendly, I must say I've been doing a lot of sitting around and chatting over the last week or so.
George: Well that's good. The only person I've spoken to really is my tutor. He's very
___________________ and seems to understand how difficult it can be starting university.
Martina: It's good to have someone you can talk to. And he may help you meet other students.
George: __________________________________. I'm __________________________________________________________.
It's more a question of finding out what I need to do, where to go and so on. I hope he can help
me with that.
Martina: Oh I would have thought so. Well, ______________________________________________________. It
seems like a long time, doesn't it - studying for three years.
George: Yes it does - but I'm sure it'll go quickly. You know I'm really ______________________________
Martina: Yes - for the course I'm doing we have to hand our first one in ____________________________.
George: Really - so have you got the topic yet?
Martina: No - but we'll get it soon. I'm not sure how much we have to write yet - not too much, I
hope!
George: I know what you mean. And it's hard to study especially where I am now.
Martina: Oh - where are you living?
George: ___________________________________. I thought that would be a good idea as there'd be a lol of
people around but I'm finding ________________________. I can see that I'm going to have problems
when I really need to _________________________________.
Martina: So I guess you need to be somewhere on your own then?
George: Yes - well I do like to have some people around me, so I'd prefer to live with a family
somewhere in a house not too far from the university.
Martina: Well good luck with that.
George: Yes thanks - and good luck to you as well. _________________________________. I've another
lecture in ten minutes. Bye for now.
Martina: Bye.

LISTENING 5
I. Identifying attitudes and opinions
(⊳23)
1 Well, I agree up to a point.
2 I think that's a really valid point.
3 Well. I'm not so sure about that.
4 I think you’re absolutely right.
5 Hmm. that's a bit hard to believe.
6 I think that's highly unlikely.
7 That seems doubtful to me.
8 I have to admit I don't like the sound of that at all.

(⊳24)
A: So what did you think about the research?
B: I thought it was well thought out, although it did take three years to produce any results.
A: Yes, but that's to be expected given the age of the participants. I mean, they had to chart their
progress over several years.
B: I suppose so.
A: But didn't you think the results were astonishing? I know I did.
B: Yeah, me too. Il's amazing to think that watching TV can have such a clearly demonstrated
effect on children's obesity problems. It's quite alarming really.
A: I agree.
B: People were generally unimpressed by the findings though, which is typical when there's a
suggestion that we change our behaviour.
II Persuading and suggesting
⊳25
A: Right, let's _____________________________________ on the new science equipment, shall we?
B: Yes, I'm a bit worried _________________________________ - we only have 10 minutes.
A: Why don't we go through each section then.
B: OK. what about the introduction? I think that's OK.
A: Hmm. It's not very exciting.
B: I don't think we should cut any of it though.
A: Of course, and we can still do it the same way. but maybe we should ____________________________?
B: Great idea, that would help _________________________________. Now, next we look at the benefits of
this technology. We've got plenty about that.
A: I agree. In fact, some of the ones we've chosen are _________________________, I think, perhaps we
could _______________________?
B: Agreed. And that would save some time.
A: Yes. now, _______________________________________. I'd like to propose something a little different.
B: I like that section, it's always enjoyable hearing about technology going wrong!
A: Well, we've got a few ____________________________________________________ from people who've
_____________________________________. And we were planning on just reading them out, but I think we
should video them and ______________________________.
B: Oh. that would be better. And if we use ___________________________, I think we’ll gel a higher mark.
A: Yes. That's what I was thinking.
B: OK. let's give it a try. Now, what about the conclusion? Should we include something else? It's
pretty short at the moment.
A: Yes. but I think that's OK. There's not much more to say, really. We've already __________________
___________________, so I don't think there's anything else left to do.
B: Well. I think I'll do an Internet search anyway, just to be sure we haven't missed anything.
A: OK. it would be good to be able to state that we have included ____________________________________.
B: Absolutely.
III. Reaching a decision
(⊳26)
Section 1
A: How are we going to __________________________________? Shall we get a taxi?
B: It would be nice and convenient, but _______________________________.
A: That's true. Well, if you want to save money, we could always take the bus.
B: It might be cheaper, but the bus doesn't start running until 7 o'clock and we need to be at the
airport by 6. I'll ask my sister if she can _____________________________.
A: That would be great if she could drive us.
B: Yes. I'm sure she won't mind.
Section 3
A: So, what else have we got to do?
B: Well, we've __________________________________. I don't think we need to find out anymore.
A: You're right. Should we go and see Professor Smith, then? We could ask his advice.
B: Well, he could check it for us and make sure we've done enough. But I'd rather do that after
we've put it all together. At the moment, we only _________________________________________. I don't
want to show him that.
A: OK. Let's ___________________________ and each put it on to a disc so that we can
________________________________________________________
IV. Matching items
TRANSCRIPTS
⊳L5_Matching items
Man: So, we have to _____________________________________________________________________________
Woman: Yes. Do you have any ideas?
M: Well. I've been on the Internet and _______________________________________
W: OK - I’ve got some suggestions, too
M: Right well, you start.
W: OK um. his name’s Mahmoud Kaboor and he’s _______________________________ in the United Arab
Emirates
M: Sounds good
W Yes He’s the ________________________________ of a very big film company
M: So what made him successful?
W ____________________________________________________________ and because of that, he started making
short films when he was only 16.
M: That’s quite young and were they good?
W: Yup He _____________________________________________________________, and that’s how his career
developed.
M: Great. Um, here’s one of my suggestions She was _____________________________ - born in St
Petersburg in Russia in 1881
W: Anna Pavlova OK - why have you picked her?
M: Well, firstly, because _________________________________ - they were very poor, in fact - and yet she
still went to the School of Imperial Ballet at ten years of age
W That's so young. Was she very talented?
M: Yes. she was. but she __________________________________________. She was very individual and did
things that were _________________________________ at the time.
W Ah - and that’s what ___________________________________
M: Yes
W: OK. I’ve got another woman - Marie Curie
M: She's very famous. Wasn’t she Polish?
W: Yeah, born in 1867, but did you know that she was _______________________________ at the
University of Paris and the first woman to win a Nobel prize?
M: Yes - amazing'
W: There were many brilliant scientists around when she was working.
M: So why did she do better?
W: Other scientists couldn't get ahead of her because she ___________________________________________
M: What a clever thing to do!
W: Yeah - everyone ________________________________ these days, but all those years ago. people often
didn't think about it.
M: Great! Well, here's one more.
W: OK - who is it?
M: This is an African-American guy who _________________________________________ His name was
George Crum.
W: Did he _________________________________ or something?
M: Not exactly - but without him. we wouldn't have the potato chip. Or crisps, as the British call
them.
W: Oh!
M: Yeah Apparently, he had a customer who was annoyed because his French fries were too fat
and soft. So, he ______________________________________ he could and fried it until it was ________________
_______________________________________________
W: and a new snack was created
M: Well. I think we’ve got some interesting people here

V. Multiple choice
(⊳L5_ Multichoice 1)
Advisor Good morning, The Writing School, can I help you?
Caller Oh. hi. I'm ringing about the ____________________________________________________
A Yes would you like me to _________________________________________?
C Um. I would, but I also have some questions
A OK. well, let me take your details first, and then I can ___________________________________ after that.
C OK.
A I just need to __________________________ so, urn. Can you give me your first name, please?
C Yes, it’s Alex
A That's great. Alex And what's your last name?
C It’s Sachdeva
A OK - can you spell that for me?
C Yes. it's S-A-C-H-D-
A Is that P?
C No. D-E-V-A
A OK. I've got that now. Can you give me your address?
C Well, I'm staying with friends at the moment, but I’ll be in my new flat in Preston next week
A Well, perhaps the Preston address is best
C OK. So that's Flat 4A. 396 New Valley Road
A New Valley Road
C Yes. that’s right
A OK - that's great and we know the town that's Preston.
C Yes.
A Do you know what ________________________ will be there?
C Oh - I think I’ve got it somewhere on ____________________ let me see yes. here it is Er, it's PN63BZ.
A BS?
C No, BZ
A Right I guess you don’t have a phone number yet?
C No. not at the flat and ______________________________________ right now. I have to take it to the shop
and see what's wrong.
A Oh, I hope it’s nothing serious
C Well, it’s new. so, it should be all right.
A You could give me the number anyway for the future
C Yes. OK Um. It’s 0787 345077
A That's three-five-four-zero-double seven
C No. three-four-five
A Oh. thanks. I'll note that your phone is not working right now
C OK. thanks
A Now. The last thing I need is an email address
C OK, it’s [email protected] That’s ___________________________
A ……….ptu dot com Fine Now. as you're moving, I'll put something in the message box so that
_____________________________ doesn’t come too early
C Yes. Could you do that?
A I’ll put ’deliver brochure next week'
C Oh. That’s great
A Now. What would you like to do about
(⊳L5_ Multichoice 1)
Advisor: Now. You can see on our website that we have a lot of courses what are you interested
in doing?
Caller: Well. I don't want to ____________________________ I just want to __________________________________
A Yes. it depends on whether you want to. you know, write creatively or for fun We also have
fiction writing - that includes writing children's stories
C Well. I work in an advertising agency, so I'd like to write better so that well, I'd like my salary
to rise
A OK. so we can send you our brochure for business writing and if you think it'll be right for you,
then you can enrol
C Great What happens after that?
A Then we send you the course pack
C What does that contain?
A You get some books that will help you with your writing skills, an audio course on CDs and
instructional DVDs to watch, and some lesson texts to read
C OK What if I change my mind’
A Well, you can send the materials back to us You have 21 days to decide, and we'll refund your
fees within that time
C Ah. that's quite good I see So the enrolment fee includes the course materials?
A Yes. it does - for all our courses.
C So are there different fees for different courses?
A Yes. at the moment, your course is let me see They've just raised the prices it was £340. but I
think it’s £375 now Yes. fees rose a month ago. I’m afraid, um. by ten percent - most of our
courses are now between three and four hundred pounds.
C OK. that’s not bad - so. who will teach me?
A Well, before we decide that, you do your first written assignment It’s like a personal profile
C So I write about things like my background and where I was brought up’
A No. it’s the future we’re interested in.
C Oh. OK. so what I want to get from the course, and how it will help me to achieve my ambitions’
A That’s right We get a picture of who you are and your needs and then we match you to a
personal tutor who will teach you and work with you
C That’s a good idea And how do I get that to you’
A Well, you send it in to us by post or through our website
C What about lessons’
A There are 15 lessons altogether, and each one has an assignment.
C And what sort of feedback will I get’
A There's continuous online support, and part of that is a web-based facility for all the students
on your programme to get together
C Oh. so we can share ideas and things9
A That’s right With no need to go into a classroom or be tied to weekly schedules
C OK Thanks. I think that’s all my questions
A Don't hesitate to call if you have any more.
C OK. thanks Bye

Practice 1
(⊳L5_Practise 1)
Woman OK. so we have to choose one of these four people
Man It's going to be difficult
W Well, why don’t we agree on some criteria that will help us?
M Do you mean things like how old they were when they became successful?
W Yeah - except I’m not sure how old they all were! Um. what about choosing a woman
M Is it fair to select someone because of their gender1? And look at celebrities - there are lots of
women
W But it was different in the past
M Oh. I see Yeah, OK, let’s pick a woman
W Great Right, well, they’re all pretty talented, aren’t they’ Some have even won awards
M Yeah, but maybe their fame won’t last for ever
W No so we should pick someone who's done something great on an international level
M Yeah, that changed the world OK. I think that’s it We’ve got our two criteria So what do we
need to do before we meet again?
W Well, how much information have we got’
M Quite a lot of detail about their lives, but not enough about what they did
W OK - so before we meet again, lets both find out as much as we can It's always better to have
too much information.
M Yeah, you're right. What about pictures?
W Yeah - I don't even know what this person looks like!
M OK - well, we might get some from the library - but I can look on the Internet as well.
W Once we’ve done that, we can get together and talk about the next stage.
M Yeah - I don't think we can write the presentation for the seminar yet. do you?
W No - anyway, it'll be fun working together
M Yeah' It's been quite an education doing this.
W Yes - it’s made me think about success and what it really means
M It isn't about money, is it?
W No - and you don’t have to be experienced to achieve it. It can just be luck
M But perhaps in most cases you need to have some natural ability
W Yeah - I agree And I also think you do have to work hard and be determined
M Yeah - and really want to succeed
W No matter where you are or what you've done before
M Mm It's quite a curious thing

Practice 2
(⊳L5_Practise2 2)
Tutor So, Fahad, let's talk about your presentation Um. you've done a rough outline, so. er. let's
go over it and then you can go away and write it all up
Fahad Sure
T I asked you to choose a topic related to water, and you've chosen desalination - removing salt
from seawater. Now. why did you choose that’
F Well. I come from the United Arab Emirates, and we have the world's largest desalination plant
T Right, that's very relevant, and I think you should include that - you know, your personal, er.
Reasons - at the start.
F Say why I decided on this topic9
T Yes - just give a sentence or two. that’ll do.
F OK - I mean. I thought I should keep the introduction brief
T Yes. but you can say why you like the topic it’s a good choice of topic - very interesting - and
then I can follow the introduction easily.
F OK
T Now. let's go on to the historical background
F Mm. I want to make it clear that seawater purification isn't a new idea
T No indeed, that’s a good point to make
F So I'm going to describe some of the 'older' methods from the past
T Mmm I got a bit lost reading your notes here
F Ah-ha Is it too long?
T Well. I think the real problem is that the information isn't in any logical order
F I see well, it is just notes.
T Well, you start in the 18th century, then move to the present day. then go back to the 20th
century
F So it needs re organising
T Yes. that would help
F OK - I'll make it clearer What about the description of the process?
T Ah. yes. that looks pretty good to me. but we'll go over it in more detail in a moment.
F OK I may need to cut it down
T Yes, definitely - it goes on for a long time and gets a bit technical
F Sure, er OK After the process. I want to talk about the pros and cons of desalination, because
that seems to be the big debate
T I totally agree But you need to sort this section out
F Yes. it is a bit confusing
T I think you should present the main points one at a time.
F OK - what. er. the advantages and disadvantages?
T Yes. and talk about each one individually
F OK - rather than presenting them all together?
T Mmm - it’s hard for your listeners to take in like that It’s all a bit unclear at the moment
F I see
T So. lastly, you conclude that we need to look for alternative ways to remove salt from sea
water.
F Well, yes Do you think that’s the wrong conclusion’
T No. no - not at all However, you should tell your audience exactly why you think this.
F I will in the previous section.
T Mmm, but you need to summarise the reasons again in the final part of your presentation
F Oh. I see. Right . I'll mention them briefly, then.
T Just a list will do That’ll make the conclusion a better length as well

(⊳L5_Practise2 2)
Tutor OK. so let’s have a closer look at the section on the process of desalination
Fahad Well. I just need to outline the principle of the process, don’t I?
T Uh-huh Yes. yes. You need to explain first what desalination means
F Well. I want to start by referring to a natural form of desalination Um, and to say that a sea
bird filters salt out of sea water in its throat
T OK. that's interesting so they just spit the salt out, do they?
F Yes
T Right, that’s a good introduction. Then you can go on to describe the mechanical process
F Yes - well, the first stage is the collection urn it involves a large plant that collects the water -
actually, it goes through a canal and that passes the water into the plant, which treats it. you
know
T Removes all the rubbish.
F Yes
T So the treatment’s the second stage What happens next’
F Well, the next stage is that it goes through a lot of pipes until it reaches the point where the salt
is removed
T OK - so that's the next point on your chart
F Yes - I can talk about this quite a lot the salt's separated from fresh water
T Right the water passes through a membrane
F Mmm - not exactly That's the whole thing The sea water has to be forced er. pumped and a lot
of pressure is involved
T Mmm - you need to make that point - explain that the water doesn't go freely
F No, because the salt is heavy This is the really expensive part of the process
T OK so after that, what happens?
F Well, there's some more treatment after the high-pressure filtering process, but eventually the
system produces fresh water
T OK - it might be good to mention what's left over
F Salt, and that's a really big problem
T Where does it go?
F After the desalination process, the substance that remains - it's called brine - it's a very salty
substance and it goes back - usually into the sea.
T Mmm.
F It’s not good for fish, though it damages marine life.
T Well - you can discuss that in the next section of your presentation
F Yup So anyway a lot of the fresh water that's produced is used for human consumption
T Uh-huh, yes. and
F It’s also used for irrigation for watering farmland
T Great! Well, you’ve mentioned some of the disadvantages

Practice 3:
(⊳L5_Practice 3_1)
Amy: Hey. Matt, are you coming out tonight?
Matt: I'd love to. Amy. thanks, but I've got too much work
I need to get this psychology assignment in by Thursday.
A: Oh. what's it on?
M: Happiness, or specifically, the things that make people happy A: Wow. that's a big area. How
are you approaching it?
M: Well. I've been looking on the Internet to see what various experts have to say on the subject.
A: Ord you find anything interesting?
M: Well. yes. I did.
A: Like?
M: Like. for example, there's a professor at Nottingham University, a guy called Richard Tunney.
and he suggests that the more close friends we have, the happier we are. And if you see these
friends regularly, go out with them and so on. wet. that's even better.
A: I’d have thought that was fairly obvious.
M: I guess so. The next one is a bit more interesting, though. Martin Seligman, a professor of
psychology at an American university, conducted a happiness experiment with his students.
A: What did he do? Give everyone huge amounts of cash and then see how much they smiled?
That would help, wouldn't it?
M: Well, perhaps it would. For a short while, anyway. No. what he did was tell half his students
to take part in fun activities, like playing video games or going to the enema, and the other half to
do good things
A: Good things?
M: You know, like visiting elderly people at a care home, or some other kind of voluntary work.
And it was those students who reported a more lasting feeling of happiness.
A: That's Interesting
M: Then there's George Valliant, a psychiatrist and professor at Harvard Medical School. He's
spent the past 60 years studying people.
A: So. I guess he probably knows a bit about them.
M: He certainly does. According to him. the thing that really makes people happy is having
something to aim for, you know, a goal in the future.
A: Right, so I can say 'By the time I’m 30, I'm going to be a millionaire and that will make me
happy.
M: Ah. but Valiant has a warning here. You need to be realistic it's no good setting yourself
impossible goals, because, well.
A: Because you'll only make yourself unhappy trying to achieve them
M: Exactly.
A: So. does anyone mention anything that people normally assume brings happiness? Like a
healthy bank account, or an expensive house. something more. er. material’
M: Funnily enough, those things aren’t mentioned much. Here’s another interesting one. though.
Melanie Hodgson, she’s a professor at Westbrook University, claims that people are happier
when they’re getting ready to go on holiday.
A: Oh. I love that. Sitting on a beach, relaxing, sightseeing...
M: No. not the actual holiday itself, which professor Hodgson says can sometimes be quite
stressful
A: That's true, they can.
M: but the things you do leading up to it. Deciding what you’re
gong to take with you. what you're going to see and do. packing your case, that kind of thing
A: I get it. Yes. I can see how that would work.

(⊳L5_Practice 3_2)
Matt: I’ve also found one of those personality tests on the
Internet You know, answer these questions to find out how happy you are.
Amy: Oh. those They're a bit of a waste of time, aren't
they? I did one on How healthy are you?' and the results were completely wrong.
M: But they're quite good fun though, aren’t they?
A: Well. yes. especially if you do them with friends. I think it's important that you shouldn't take
them seriously, though
M: That's true.
A: Anyway, why should I do a test that tells me how happy or healthy or successful. I am? I mean.
I already know the answers, don't I? So. I'm not likely to get any surprises, like. oh. according to
this test I’m happy – I didn’t expect dial!
M: OK. I take your point So what makes you happy?
A: Oh. I don’t know. Spending time with people I know and like. I guess I need people around me.
M: Me too. But I need time on my own. as well.
A: That doesn't really bother me. I grew up on a big family, so I'm used to someone always bang
m the room III wanted to be atone, to get away from people. I had to go out for a walk or
something. I still do that occasionally. In fact, that's one thing that makes me happy. A long walk
m the countryside. And the advantage is that you're getting some exercise too. which is
something I don't usually do.
M: But you go running, don't you?
A: Sometimes, but only because I feel I have to. Anyway. back to your assignment. You've got all
the information you need . .
M: Not quite. I need to do a bit more research first.
A: OK. so you'll be off to the library, then?
M: I would if I knew I could find something useful, but you know how disorganised it is there. It's
impossible to find what you want, especially when it comes to psychology books.
A: Oh, I know.
M: No. give me a computer and the Internet any day.
A: Well, good luck with that If you get bored and want a break, you know where to find me
M: Thanks, but if I don't get this done. I'll be in trouble
A: Why don't you email Tony? He did a similar assignment last year, so he might have a few
suggestions.
M: That's a good idea. Have you got his email address?
A: Sure, give me a moment while I look it up.
M: Thanks

Practice 4:
(⊳L5_Practice 4_1)
Tutor: Hello. Jo. Come in and take a seat. I wanted to talk to you about your essay on weather
control.
Student: Right What did you think?
T: Well, let's start by looking at your introduction. You say that global warming is causing
extreme weather conditions around the world.
S: That's right, isn't it?
T: Well, you need to be careful here. Yes. there is a lot of evidence that this is the case, but the
issue is still controversial. You need to specify that many experts believe this is the case rather
than saying. “This is how it is.”
S: OK.
T: Then you look at the issues surrounding extreme weather. er. and how it has a negative effect
in some countries
S: I was 'worried that that section was a bit disorganised.
T: No. not at all. It's very good, but I was slightly surprised when. in the same paragraph, you
mentioned an advantage extreme weather.
S: Not the right place for it?
T: Not really, no. In fact. I would question the need to put it there at all. At one point you're
talking about droughts, hurricanes, floods, etc., and then suddenly you're talking about people
being able to sunbathe on the beach to January.
S: Ah. I see what you mean I think I was going to elaborate on fiat, add more information, but I
guess I forgot to do so
T: OK. then there's the section on weather-control programmes. This made interesting leading,
but your «leas didn't really lead on from each other Did you write a plan before you did this?
S: Er. no
T: Well, you really ought to. Here's an example. You talk about experiments to control
hurricanes. then you write about rain-making experiments. and then for no apparent reason,
you go back to talking about hurricane control
S: So. a bit messy?
T: A bit. yes Next, you go on to talk about something called 'cloud seeding'. Great, you gave a
good, dear explanation about what cloud seeding s. that it's a way of using science and chemistry
to make clouds produce rain. and you give some examples of where it's been used.
S: So. that section's all right9
T: Ah, well, listen to tins. The chemical silver nitrate is introduced into clouds to encourage them
to produce rain. ”Silver nitrate?”
S: Oh. that was careless, meant silver iodie
T: Exactly. I would hate to think what might happen if you started finny silver nitrate into clouds.
OK. Anally, the conclusion
S: I always have problems with the conclusion. I never really know what to say.
T: Well, you summarise your main points and give a few opinions. which is great, but you then
start talking about environmental systems. This was not only in the wrong place, but I couldn’t
see where it fitted in with the rest of fie essay generally
S: Right So. there's a bit of room for improvement, then
(⊳L5_Practice 4_2)
Tutor: All right. let's go back to the section in your essay on cloud seeding Apart from your
silver nitrate / silver iodide mistake, you’ve missed a few bits out
Student: Have I?
T: I'm afraid so. What I'd like you to do is talk me through the process of cloud seeding, what it
involves and so on. and I'll stop you if you've forgotten something. OK?
S: Tine Well. first of all silver nitrate. or. iodie is fired into the cloud from the ground using a
rocket.
T: Good, and you could mention that sometimes it's dropped from above by aircraft.
S: Right, and this is the first stage. the primary stage which is called static seeding. The silver
iodie causes a chemical reaction with the tiny water drops in the cloud, and they freeze.
T: OK. so you’ve got millions of t my ice panicles because the water droplets in the cloud freeze
What happens next?
S: Next. er. there's a process called riming: R-I-M-I-N-G. That’s when the cc particles. well, they
join up to form bigger pieces of ice. and when they're heavy enough, they fall from the sky.
T: Good, and then?
S: Well, as they fall, they turn to ram or snow. And. er. well, that's it, isn’t it?
T: Well, usually, yes. out you've mentioned that there's a first stage, a primary stage, so Surety
you should have mentioned ?
S: Oh. the secondary stage
T: Which is known as?
S: Dynamic seeding, of course, how could I have left that bit out’ Let me think OK. so the water
droplets turn to ice. and. ei .
T: What happens when water freezes? When anything freezes, for that matter Something that
may seem surprising.
S: Oh. of course, it releases heat.
T: Exactly, it releases heal. And what can happen to e douc when freezing water inside it docs
this?
S: I he cloud gets bigger, and contains even more moisture.
T: Exactly, and not only do they become bigger. but they also ?
S: They. er. produce storms. No. hang on. that's not right They last longer, that’s 4.
T: Right. They last younger. winch means they can be seeded again to produce even more rain.

Practice 5:
(⊳L5_Practice 5_1)
Advisor: Good morning. International Book Fair ticket office. How can I help?
Caller: Oh. hello. I'd like to book some tickets to the fair, please. And I have a few questions
about the event as well, if that's OK.
A: Certainly Well, let's deal with the tickets first. Er. can I just take your details first?
C: Sure.
A: Let’s start with your name and address.
C: OK. it's Wallace Angus Wallace.
A: Could you spell your surname for me, please?
C: Of course. It's W-A-L-L-A C-E.
A: Sony, was that one L or two?
C: Two. er. double L
A: Thanks, and your address?
C: OK. dial's 14 Rose Hill
A: 14. Rose Hill. Is that rose, like the flower?
C: That's right, and it’s in Wallington.
A: Oh. I know Wallington It's just outside Oxford, isn't it?
C: That's right And the postcode is OX13 3NJ
A: 0X30.3M J
C: No. 0X13. and it's N for November. not M for Mike
A: Sorry 0X13 3NJ. Thank you. Do you have a contact number?
C: I do. It's0872344 9162.
A: 0872 344 9162.
C: Right That’s my home number If I'm not in. I can be contacted at work, on 0872 298 1191. I'm
usually there from 9 in the morning until 5.30 in the evening.
A: And how many tickets would you like?
C: Two. please. For the Saturday.
A: Two for Saturday May 7th.
C: That's right
(⊳ L5_Practice 5_2)
Caller: How will you send the tickets?
Advisor: I can give you a couple of options. The first is by email. but of course you'll need to
print them out yourself. Alternatively, there’s 24 Hour Speedmail
C: What's that?
A: Well, wo send them to you by mail, and you’ll get them the next day. We ‘ll also send you a text
message to your mobile to let you know they're on their way.
C: I think I'll go for that option.
A : Fine. Now. you had some questions?
C: Yes. I understand that there are some talks being given by authors. There’s one in particular.
I’d like to go to. by the novelist Sandra Harrington. Do you know what she’ll be talking about?
A: Well, she’s got a new novel which just came out. so she’ll be talking about that, and will
probably read a few bits from it. Shell also be answering some questions about the book she
wrote last year. er. I can't remember what it was cased .
C: Fire and Eagles?
A: That's the one. You’ll probably remember she got into a bit of trouble because some people
said she had copied another writer's ideas. So. it should be quite interesting
C: And do l need to book a place in advance if I went to go to one of the talks’
A: You do. yes You need tickets, and you can only got them in advance. by till ng in a form on our
website. You then pick them up from the ticket office when you arrive at the fair. We'll send you
more if formation about the talks when we send you your tickets for the fair itself.
C: How much are they?
A: Oh, nothing. they're free
C: Great, thanks. And what's the best way of getting to the fair from the city centre?
A: Are you driving?
C: Probably not. what with the way the traffic is those days.
A: Well. Duke's Court underground station is only a minute’s walk away. Does that help?
C: I’m only a short walk from a station at my end. so that's probably my best option. OK. one last
question. Is there anywhere to eat at the far?
A: Oh. there are lots of cafés and restaurants there. They're generally OK. but unless you're
prepared to spend a fortune on a sandwich and a cold drink. I'd go somewhere else
C: Such as?
A: Well, you'll be much better off going to one of the cafés or restaurants on the streets nearby.
Don't tell anyone I said that, though
C: I won't! Thanks. So, how should I pay for .

LISTENING 6
I. Identifying main ideas
(⊳ 27)
Good morning, everyone. My name is Paul and I'm a palaeontologist. Now, when most people
hear that, they immediately get an image of an old professor studying dried-up dinosaur bones
or else they think of a great adventurer from the movies! Well, I'm neither. But I would like to
talk to you today about how I came to be a palaeontologist and the reason I believe it is an
important job. All my life, my main interest has been the environment. So, I actually started out
as an ecology student. As a part of my degree course, I had to do a unit on extinction and a
lecturer visiting from another university gave us a talk on Australia's extinct animals. One of the
animals he talked about was called the Diprotodon. It's an ancestor of the modern Australian
wombat. He described this enormous animal crossing ancient lakes, getting stuck in the mud and
becoming part of the fossil record, which is what we call the preserved remains of animals and
plants that we find. And I was fascinated. So fascinated that I immediately changed courses. But
palaeontology isn't all easy going. The very first field trip I went on was pretty awful and we
didn’t find anything! We went to an outback fossil site and we were digging in extreme
conditions. I've learned since then that that's pretty standard for work like this. But to make
matters worse, after five days, I'd found nothing. I was getting really disheartened and I was
starting to regret my decision, when on the last day of the trip, I was digging into the bank of an
ancient dried-up riverbed and I found a funny-looking piece of rock. Inside it was a tooth from a
giant kangaroo. Finding that one fossil made me realise that this was a field I really wanted to
continue working in.

II. Understanding how ideas are connected

(⊳ 28)
1
A: I don't really understand why you contacted Professor Higgins. He has nothing to do with our
faculty.
B: Well, we wanted to understand what impact an invention like this would have on the
environment. And that's his area of expertise.
2
A: First of all we put video cameras in the animals' cages...
B: Yes, and then we put various tools inside the cages and let the animals back in.
A: We video-recorded them over seven days and nights to see what they would do with the tools.
3
After gathering all ol our data, we looked at the results. We realised that the number of frogs in
this area had actually increased over the last 10 years rather than declined.
4
A: So, what does that all show?
B: Well, I think we can deduce from this that any development in this area should be halted until
the animals have all been safely removed.
(⊳ 29)
What I appreciate most about my work is the fact that I can turn the fossils I find into
information we can actually use. So, how do we extract that information? Well, first we need to
run the fossil through a special machine. That gives me a date for the fossil. From then on, I begin
to work out what type of animal it was, what it ate and how it interacted with the landscape.
Earlier this year, I was lucky enough to be awarded a grant from a government-funding body.
Palaeontology isn't only about the past. It can help with current issues too. For example, I plan to
use these funds to excavate new areas and try to find out how ancient creatures evolved during
their own period of climate change, just as animals today have to.
In another project. I'm going to study fossil collections that are housed in museums around
Australia. I’m doing that to try to find out when Australia's mega-fauna became extinct - that is,
all the giant mammals, lizards and birds. That will help us to finally find out what caused these
extinctions. Was it nature or was it humans?
III. Understanding an explanation
(⊳ 30)
1
We've recently been doing some research involving mice. We were trying to find out what
causes the cells in our body to age. Is it linked to diet or exercise? What we found was that if we
allowed the mice no exercise, their cells deteriorated fairly rapidly, giving them a prematurely
old body. The mice that did exercise, showed less change in their cell structure and so seemed
younger.
2
We've known for decades that pigeons can navigate using the Earth's magnetic field as a sort of
compass. What we don't know is how this works. In our research, we discovered that the
pigeon's brain receives a signal from its middle ear that the brain then processes to determine
both their direction and the strength of the magnetic field. Previously, it had been thought that it
was the bird's beak that held the answer. But this has since been proven false.

IV. Signposting words

(⊳ 31)
1 OK, let's move on to the late 19th century, when a great deal of changes were taking
place.
2 Now, first of all, I wanted to give you some background information.
3 So, let's have a look at some possible reasons for this.
4 And finally. I'd like to talk about some future projects.
5 So, what conclusions did we reach?
6 I'll begin by explaining what this machine can do.
V Comparing and contrasting ideas
(⊳ 32)
In my talk today. I'm going to be looking at plants that have had an impact on our world and our
history. Let's start with the potato. It was originally one of the staple foods of Central and South
America and when Spanish explorers travelled to the Americas sometime in the 16th century
the potato found its way into Europe. This had several important consequences In particular, it
almost totally altered people's diet in many European countries. The potato is also believed to
have been responsible for the start of a new trend - that of migrating to America. So you could
say that the humble potato actually allowed many people to change their lives.
However, there were also problems associated with this crop. Largely in Ireland, where the poor
were very much reliant on the success of the crops. Sadly, a disease in the crop spread rapidly
across the country and led to widespread potato crop failures in the mid-1800s. This meant that
millions suffered from starvation as a result.
Let's move on to look at another plant from the same part of the world, the tobacco plant. This
originated in the Americas and had an enormous influence on the way North America developed
in the 1800s. It's famed for being the original cash crop there and for funding a great deal of the
development that occurred during this time.
On the downside, the success of this crop resulted in a greater demand for slaves to work the
crops and this eventually led to war breaking out between the Northern States and those in the
South.
Now, the next plant I'd like to mention is one known and used all around the world, tea. It
originated in China and in terms of its historical significance, it played a large part in the US
independence from Great Britain. This came about because the British government declared that
the colonies had to pay a tax on the produce brought into America. It was because of the protest
against these taxes that the American Revolution came about.
The final plant I'll look at today is the White Mulberry. Again it originated in China and had an
enormous influence on development in this part of the world, in particular in establishing trade
between the East and the West. Sadly, the increase in trade brought with it the spread of disease
and weapons.

VI Using notes to follow a talk

(⊳ 33)
In today's lecture. I'm going to talk about the part that plants have played in our history,
something most of us probably never give any thought to. Flowers began changing the way the
world looked almost as soon as they appeared on Earth about 130 million years ago. That's
relatively recent in geologic time - if all Earth's history were compressed into an hour, flowering
plants would exist for only the last 90 seconds. Without those flowering plants, it's likely we
wouldn't be here. They are fundamental to our existence, forming a vital part of our food
supplies.
If we look further on in time, to the year 2737 BC, we arrive at the discovery of tea by a Chinese
emperor, when a leaf fell into a cup of hot water. This discovery eventually played a very
important part in the history of China, the USA and the UK. For Britain, where demand for tea
was high, there were financial implications when a Chinese emperor declared that it could only
be bought with silver, which they were then forced to find overseas.
A second influential plant emerged around 202 BC in the form of the White Mulberry. It became
extremely sought after and it remained so until 220 AD because white mulberries provide food
for the worm that creates silk. This luxurious material was responsible for establishing
extremely valuable trade routes. And it was along these same routes that different religions
made their way around the world. But, unfortunately, they also caused the spread of previously
unknown diseases, as well as weapons of war such as gunpowder.
Finally, moving into more recent history, we come to the 16th century and the potato. It
originated in Central America but it was the Spanish who introduced it to the European diet.
There, it quickly became popular because not only did it cost little to grow, but it was also a food
source that was rich in vitamins. So much so that its arrival has been credited with ridding
Britain of a disease known as scurvy. However, it is perhaps more famous now for the potato
famines of the mid- 1800s in Ireland. The Irish people were so dependent on the crop that its
widespread failure over this period caused the deaths of over a million people and the
emigration of a further million to mainland Britain, Canada and the US.
PRACTICE 1

Hi everyone - today I'm going to be talking about the origins of ceramics. So, first of all, let's start
off with - what is a ceramic? Well, generally speaking, ceramics are what you get when you apply
heat to certain inorganic, non-metallic solids and then allow them to cool. And examples of
ceramics are everyday things like earthenware pots, crockery, glassware and even concrete.
So how did it all begin? Well it all started around 29,000 years ago when humans discovered that
if you dig up some soft clay from the ground, mould it into a shape and then heat it up to a very
high temperature, when it cools the clay has been transformed into something hard and rigid.
And so - what did those first humans do with their discovery? Well - they created figurines
which were small statues and which depicted animals or gods or any shape that the clay could
be moulded into. And all this activity was centred around southern Europe where there is also
evidence of ceramics that were created much later.
The early humans also found a practical use for their discovery, such as storing things like grain
- although there were drawbacks. The pots were porous so that, although they could carry water
in them, i| wasn't possible to Store it over a long period. And also, they were quite brittle and
shattered very easily if they were dropped.
But despite these problems, it was many thousands of years before there were any
improvements. In China at around 200 BC, they discovered that by adding minerals to the clay
they could improve both the appearance and the strength of the ceramics. Bui it took nearly a
thousand years before they perfected the process to produce high-quality ceramics known as
porcelain. And once they had perfected the process, they kept it a secret - for another thousand
years! Compared to the first ceramics, porcelain was lighter, finer, harder and whiter and
became an important commodity in China’s trading with the rest of the world for hundreds of
years. In fact, it became so valuable that it was known as white gold and spies were sent to China
to discover what they did to the clay to produce such high-quality merchandise.
It wasn't until the eighteenth century that the secret began to unravel. A German alchemist
called Johann Friedrich Bottger was asked by the king to make gold out of lead. Unfortunately,
Bottger failed to achieve this and soon gave up, but in order to please the king he attempted to
make high-quality porcelain. And after many years of experimentation, he discovered that by
adding quartz and a material called china stone to very high-quality clay he managed to get the
same results that the Chinese had been achieving for the last 1,000 years.
We'll now look at another ceramic which is made from mixing sand with minerals and heating to
over 600 degrees Celsius. When this mixture cools the result is of course glass. The main
difference between ceramics made from clay and glass is that clay is made up of crystalline
plates which become locked together in the cooling process whereas glass cools too quickly for
crystals to form. Apart from that, the process of heating up naturally occurring materials to
transform them is the same.
The origins of glass date back to 3500 BC but it wasn't until the Roman Empire, 2,000 years ago,
that the art of glass-blowing and the practical uses of glass became more widespread. One of the
more innovative uses was to use it in windows as, up until then, they had just been holes in
walls. It must have been very draughty in those days!
The Romans were also responsible for inventing concrete. And although the origins are
uncertain, experts think that this is largely due to the high level of volcanic activity in the area.
The Romans observed that, when volcanic ash mixes
with water and then cools, it gets extremely hard and almost impossible to break up. The
chemical reaction that follows is very complex and continues for many years, and the concrete
just keeps getting harder. Evidence of this is the numerous Roman remains that are still
standing, many of which are almost completely intact.
One of the most important facts about concrete for the Romans was that it can be created
underwater. As the Roman Empire grew, the Romans needed to take control of the seas and for
this they needed to build harbours capable of holding a fleet of ships. Pouring concrete mixture
into the sea immediately started the hardening process and rather than just dissolving in the
mass of water, the substance was tough and long-lasting. This strange characteristic of concrete
made a significant contribution to the success of the Roman Empire.

PRACTICE 2
A: Good morning. Dave speaking.
B: Oh hi. I'm phoning about a short story competition. Um, I saw an advert in a magazine and I
was just calling to get some details.
A: Yes - certainly. I'm the competition organiser so I should be able to help. What kind of details
are you looking for?
B: Well - erm - does it cost anything to enter?
A: Yes - there's an entry fee of five pounds.
B: OK - that should be fine.
(pause)
B: It's a short story competition - so how many words is that? A: Well - we want to give people a
reasonable amount of freedom but the guidelines are around 3.000 words.
B: Oh - that sounds quite a lot.
A: Well - it's not as much as it used to be. We did have a limit of 5,000 words but some people
thought that was too many so this year we've reduced it.
B: Right - and does the story need to be about anything in particular?
A: No - you can write about any topic you like. But the main point of the competition is that it has
to have a surprise ending.
B: Oh -I see. That sounds interesting. I don't think I've ever written a story like that before.
A: Yes - it's something we've introduced for this year's competition.
B: Right. Um - I'm eighteen. Is there any age limit?
A: Yes - you need to be sixteen or over, so if you're eighteen that's fine.
B: Great. So you have the competition once a year. Is that right?
A: Yes - we start advertising in January and the competition takes up a lot of the year. We give
people a few months to write their story and then it takes quite a long time to judge all the
entries and to announce the winners.
B: I see. So when is the closing date for the competition? It's already April - I hope I'm not too
late.
A: No you've still got plenty of time. You need to submit your entry by the 1st of August. After
then it will be too late, although you can always enter next year's competition!
B: OK good. So how do I enter?
A: Well we have a website and the best way to enter is to complete the entry form online. We
also have more details of the competition on the site. Shall I give you the web address?
B: Yes please.
A: OK - it's www dot C - O-M-P-4-S-S dot com. And that's the number four not the word four.
B: OK - thanks. I've got that. So - I can complete the entry form online but how do I send the
story? Do I print it out and send it to you?
A: Well you may want to print the story out so you can review it but don't post it to us. When
you've finished your story you will need to email it to us. The email address is on the website I
gave you.
B: OK - that's fine, /pause/ Um can you tell me a bit about how the competition is judged and
what the prizes are?
A: Yes of course. Well, once we have all the entries I send them to all the judges. Our competition
is quite popular so we are lucky to be able to use famous authors who are very interested in the
competition.
B: That's fantastic. It's great to know that someone famous will be reading my story!
A: Yes that's right. It lakes them quite a while to read through the entries but eventually they
decide on the top five stories. I see - and what happens then?
B: Well, they will be published online so everyone can read them. They will not be in any order
at this point. They will just be the five stories that the judges think are the best. And do all the
top five stories get prizes?
A: No - it's just the top story and the runner-up.
B: So how is the top story decided?
A: Well once the top five stories are available, it will be the public who will vote for their
favourite story.
B: Right - I see. So I need to get all my friends to vole for me then!
A: Er, yes - that's a good idea.
B: And what is the prize?
A: Well, the runner-up gets a prize of £300, but the winner gets a trip to Spain to attend a
workshop for writers.
B: Wow - that's brilliant! I'd better get writing straight away. Yes - good luck!
A: Thanks.
2
OK - so hi everybody and welcome to the Sea Life Centre. Before you start on your tour I’d just like to
give you some information about things to look out for as you go. Well first of all, I guess some of you
may have been here before and may be surprised to see the name has changed. We arc not called
World of Water any more - since the beginning of this summer we've been re-
named, and we've also made a few other changes. However, the main attractions like the aquarium,
the crocodiles, the penguins and so on are still here. But we have a new restaurant and picnic area and
the latest thing that we have - and it was only finished last week - is the splash ride. This is an exciting
new area of the centre and is pretty scary and of course you do gel a bit wet so make sure you're not
wearing your best clothes!
As I said, the main attractions are still here and the most popular thing that everyone wants to see is
feeding time, especially for the crocodiles and the seals. We used to have the main feeding time in the
afternoon at around 3 pm but we found that some of the animals got a bit hungry waiting until then
and so we now have it at noon. They seem much happier with the new time - although it's a bit
difficult to know what they're thinking!
Now - I'd like to mention something new that we've introduced this year that we're very excited
about. It's called a VIP ticket. The VIP ticket costs an extra £2 per person and you will be amazed at
what it allows you to do. With this you'll be allowed to feed the sharks. Now I know that for some
people this might be quite a frightening thing to do, but it is perfectly safe. For those of you who are a
bit unsure, we do have a video you can watch to see what happens. It's a great experience and your
friends will be very impressed!
Speaking of friends, I'd jusi like to remind you (hat the Sea Life Centre will be more than happy to
organise a birthday party for you and your family and friends. If you need more details you can speak
to me afterwards and (here are also forms at the entrance that you can fill in.
I'd also like to bring your attention to the good work that the Sea Life Centre is doing in support of
animal conservation. I am sure you're all aware of the worrying situation with a large number of
species facing extinction. Here at the Sea Life Centre we're taking action by asking as many people as
possible to sign a petition. Once we have over 5,000 signatures we are planning to send it to the
government in the hope that more people will begin to take it seriously.
Right - well there's obviously a lol going on at the Centre, and a lot of things to discover. At all the
attractions there is helpful information so please read as much as you can and, if you want to see what
you've remembered, please do the Quiz after your visit. There are no prizes of course, but I'm sure
you'll be surprised by how much you've learnt.
[pause]
So before I leave you all to start your tour. I've just got a few tips. There are a large number of
attractions and you may not have time to see them all. Of course, there are the old favourites like the
Aquarium and the Crocodile Cave but if you don't have time to see everything make sure you visit
Turtle Town. which is beyond the Aquarium and the Seal Centre. This is very special and has a large
number of endangered species, and as it's at the far corner of the Sea Life Centre it often gets
overlooked. I also have to apologise for the Penguin Park. This has needed some urgent work to be
done and so will not be open for the next week. We are very sorry about this but I'm sure you'll find
the Seal Centre which is directly opposite it will keep you entertained just as much - if not more!
We’re also very busy today as you may have noticed on your way in. Everyone starts here at the
Aquarium but as it's so big, there's no waiting to get in. But today we're expecting a lot of people to
want to see the Crocodile Cave as a couple of eggs have hatched out. So expect delays there and, if you
like, move on to the Seal Centre first and then go back when things are quieter, towards the end of the
day.
So I'll leave you now but if you have any questions. I won't be far away and have a great time at the
Sea Life Centre!
3

Hello everyone. You’ve all been given an assignment for your Sociology course which will involve
giving a presentation to the rest of the group. And so, today. I'm going to be giving you a few tips on
how to prepare your presentations. This should help you with your current assignment - but a lot of
the principles I'll be putting across will be general principles which will, of course, help you with all
your future presentations.
So first of all, the most important thing to consider is your
audience and in this instance, your audience are the other students in your group. There are three
points to bear in mind. Firstly, you need to ask yourself what they need to know; secondly, it's useful
to consider whether they’ll be supportive or not; and thirdly - will it be a small group, say three or
four, a moderate gathering of twenty or so people (as for your current assignment) or will there be
hundreds of people?
{pause/ Having said all that, what I'm about to tell you will apply equally to any audience.
So - how do you structure your presentation? Right at the beginning, you should tell them something
that forces them to pay attention. This could be something surprising or even shocking but it needs to
be relevant! After that, you need a list of items or topics showing them what you'll be covering - rather
like an agenda - and then the main part of the presentation will follow. This main part will be the
detailed information you'll be presenting and could include facts, statistics, personal experiences, etc.
After this you should summarise what you've presented and close with what I call 'next steps’. For this
assignment, you could simply point the group to other Sociology reference material. In other cases,
you may want to suggest some actions that people can take.
Now - what about the design of the slides for your laptop? Well the important thing here is to be
consistent. You need to have the same type of font and use the same colour and size for the same
elements. For example, all headers need to look the same, all bullet points need to be presented in the
same way. And don't just stick to words. Bring the presentation to life by adding graphics. These could
be in several forms such as pictures, flow-charts, diagrams, histograms and so on.
And so - let's move on now to presenting. You have your presentation prepared and you're ready to
start. Well - it's important to give a good impression from the start. So take three deep breaths, look at
the audience, no matter how frightening they may be, and be enthusiastic and energetic. As you go
through the presentation remember to provide some variety in the way you speak. So, for example,
you can talk fairly rapidly for information that may be familiar, but then slow down for more
unfamiliar sections. And change your tone as you speak - don't keep it at the same level al) the way
through. As I mentioned, look at your audience. Er, a good tip is to pick people out and look at them for
around five seconds. Not looking at the audience gives the impression that you're either not interested
in them or terrified of them. Looking too long at one particular person may make them feel rather
uncomfortable. There may be points in your presentation that you want your audience to really
absorb and in order to make important points stand out you may consider adding silence right after
these. It will give people time to reflect on what you've just said. Also - you may be presenting
complicated ideas or technical details but try to keep everything as simple as possible. Use simple
words and as few as possible. And be clear. If you say something like 'this appears to be', it implies
uncertainty. So using weak verbs such as 'appears, 'seems', 'could be', etc. needs to be avoided.
I'll just finish off with a few thoughts on questions and interruptions from the audience. You may
choose to invite questions from die audience as you go or ask them to wait until the end. Either way,
questions should be encouraged as it provides you with some feedback on how interested the
audience is and how well they're understanding you. When a question is asked you need to provide an
answer that is as accurate as possible. So initially, my tip is to repeat it. This will ensure you have
heard it correctly and will give you a few seconds to gather your thoughts.
Interruptions, on the other hand, can be unwelcome and you may get them for a variety of reasons. It's
likely, however, that there's something in your presentation that's unclear or confusing. So my advice
is to reduce problems by reading through your presentation beforehand and predicting potential
points which could cause interruptions. You may then want to change that part of your presentation
or, at least, you will be prepared if someone does interrupt you.
Now, do you have any questions ...

LISTENING 7
(16)
1
A: Excuse me, can you tell me where the gift shop is?
B: Yes, you need to go into the shopping centre, the entrance is over there on your left.
A: Yes, I see it.
B: Well, you go in there, then go straight ahead. The shop you want is opposite the toilets. Next to the
lifts.
A: Thanks very much!
2
Welcome to the resort! I'll just tell you about some of our facilities. We've got a lovely little pond,
where guests are welcome to sit and have a picnic. You'll see it as you come in the entrance. In the
middle of the resort, you'll see a circular courtyard, it has some lovely cool places to sit as well. You
can see our famous fig tree from there, it's enormous! To the right of the courtyard, you'll find a small
shop where you can pick up things like postcards and stamps. It's just behind the tree.
3
A: Hello, Professor Jones, would you be able to help me with my assignment?
B: Of course. Are you having problems with choosing a good location for the new bridge?
A: Yes. I was thinking of putting it right in the middle as the river is at its narrowest there.
B: Well, that would save costs.
A: Exactly, but I realised that it would create costs in other areas as it would mean some important
buildings being knocked down. So I think it would be better if it's at the eastern end of the motorway.
B: That's a good idea, it would be a lot more useful than if it was at the western end.
4
The Traviston Frog is different to many other species of frog. It is very small and so, unlike other
species, it is unable to live in the area of a pond, though it does need to live in fairly close proximity to
water so that it can feed. Rather than choosing the safety of a tree, which would be too tall and may
actually increase the threat from predators, it elects to live in a tiny burrow surrounded by bushes.
II. Following directions
2.1
B
2.2
Some useful phrases are underlined in the script below.
A: Can you tell me how to get to the supermarket?
B: Sure, let me have a think. We're in Bridge Street now and it’s in Queens Road.
A: Oh, the only street I know is Riverside Street, I know my hotel's on the corner there.
B: That's right. You need to go up Bridge Street as far as the traffic lights, then turn right. That's
Riverside Street.
A: I see.
B: Then you walk along there to the next set of traffic lights and you'll be at Queens Road. You turn
left there and it's the second shop on your left.
A: Thanks very much!

(17)
A: Can you tell me how to get to the supermarket?
B: Sure, let me have a think. We’re in Bridge Street now and it's in Queens Road.
A: Oh, the only street 1 know is Riverside Street, I know my hotel's on the corner there.
B: That's right. You need to go up Bridge Street as far as the traffic lights, then turn right. That's
Riverside Street.
A: I see.
B: Then you walk along there to the next set of traffic lights and you'll be at Queens Road. You turn left
there and it's the second shop on your left.
A: Thanks very much!
III. Labelling a map
(18)
Morning everyone, thanks for coming. Now, from next week there'll be a rota for all of you to help out
at the information stand here at Brookside Market. So, I just wanted to give you a briefing about what
you can find where. The information booth is to the right of the entrance and I've given you all a plan
to mark important places on. One of the most common enquiries is where can I pay for my parking?
People are amazed when we tell them that it's free now. We used to charge for it and there was a
ticket booth to the left of the entrance, but now that it's been turned into a small stage, we hold
cookery demonstrations there. Local chefs come in and show people how to prepare dishes. It's really
popular and you get a nice view of the fountain there. We have over 50 stalls at the markets, selling
everything from fresh fruit and vegetables to locally made crafts. Which unfortunately means people
won't find things like books or anything second-hand. We have a famous baker at the market and
many people get here really early just to buy his produce. His stall is located at the back of the market
next to the barbecue. We sell burgers and sausages there but a lot of people like to bring their own
lunch to eat and they're welcome to go to the special area near the tree in the middle of the markets
where they can do just that. It's handy for the toilets too. The markets are located next to a circus
school that holds classes for children at the weekend, so we often get a lot of family groups in. There's
a playground on the right-hand side that's popular with them, and just in front of that is where the
farmers bring along chickens, rabbits and lambs for the children to pet. That's always a very popular
feature so you'll definitely be asked about that. Just let people know there is a small fee if the children
want to feed them. Well, that's everything for now ...
IV. Understanding mechanical parts
(19)
A
At the bottom of the system, there is a storage tank, which can hold up to 500 litres of rainwater. The
water stored in the tank can be used for general gardening and cleaning.
B
A small spring in the centre causes the toy inside to bounce out with a twisting movement. The spring
coils back down easily enough so that the toy can fit back into the box.
C
The water passes through the pipe and, as it travels along, it carries the weeds with it.
D
The water in the pool was becoming quite polluted so a pump was used to pump the water out of the
pool and force it through a filter.
E
There is a very fine grille at different points along the pipe. These filter out any large rocks or stones.
So the water is very finely strained by the time it reaches the dam.
F
There is a wheel on the side, which is attached to a small motor that turns the wheel. As it spins, a long
chain passes around the outside of it and ...
(20)
Hello, I've come along to tell you about an invention of mine called the Party Popper Machine. Here is
a diagram of the machine and I'll just explain how it works. It's basically a set of interconnected cogs
and wheels that rotate in turn and cause a party popper to pop! The process begins with what I like to
call the party starter! It's located on the top of the base at the front. I was very fond of wind-up toys
when I was young, but sadly I couldn't find a way to attach a winder to this contraption, but I think
this big round button looks nice and dramatic and my children fight over getting to push it! The button
activates a small motor that's housed directly under the box at the front. It generates enough power to
get everything going but not so much that it overheats and needs a cooling fan! The legs elevate the
base and help with that. The base also has another use as it can also hold up to 10 spare party
poppers! So you never need to worry about running out. Once the motor is running, it turns the spiky
wheel that is attached to the loaded party popper. I call this the detonator! As it turns, the string of the
party popper slowly wraps around it and is pulled tighter and tighter until it explodes! So much fun!
V. Describing an action or process
(21)
A The thermometer on the end of the device allows us to measure changes in temperature.
B I had to use my calculator to work out the final figure and calculate how much profit we'd made.
C We put the animals on to the scales to weigh them, and recorded their weight at the beginning and
end of the experiment.
D We attached a speedometer so that we could measure our speed and adjust it if necessary.
VI. Describing a process
6.1
Here's how to wrap a present. First, gather together all of the things you need: wrapping paper, sticky
tape, scissors, some ribbon and, of course, a present. Then, 1 place your present on the opened
wrapping paper and 2 cut a suitable amount using the scissors. Next, 3 wrap the paper around the
present and 4 stick it down with sticky tape. Then, neatly 5 fold up each of the ends of the paper and
6 stick them down. Finally, 7 tie the ribbon around your present. It's now ready to present!

(22)

Here's how to wrap a present. First, gather together all of the things you need: wrapping paper, sticky
tape, scissors, some ribbon and, of course, a present. Then, place your present on the opened
wrapping paper and cut a suitable amount using the scissors. Next, wrap the paper around the present
and stick it down with sticky tape. Then, neatly fold up each of the ends of the paper and stick them
down. Finally, tie the ribbon around your present. It's now ready to present!

PRACTICE

⊳ L7_Practice 1_1
Good evening and welcome aboard the Pride of Poole. In this recorded announcement, we'll give you
details of some of the facilities available on board this ship.
You're currently standing in the reception area in the centre of B Deck. If you're feeling hungry after a
long day's travelling, go up the stairs to A Deck, where you'll find the restaurant. The restaurant caters
for all appetites, with anything from a light snack to a full three-course meal The restaurant will be
open from the moment the ship leaves port to half an hour before arrival.
Next to the restaurant on A Deck in the lounge, there are reclining seats with music headphones if you
want to relax. The headphones are free, but people using this area are encouraged to keep noise to a
minimum so that other passengers can enjoy themselves and sleep or read if they wish.
For those of you who'd like some entertainment just next door to us on this deck is a 40-seat cinema
showing the latest full- length feature films. The cinema programme is available here at reception, but
you'll have to buy the tickets themselves at the cinema entrance just before you go in.
Just next to the cinema is the staircase leading down to the cabins on C Deck. To access your cabin, just
show your boarding pass to a steward, who will give you the key.
On this deck, that is B Deck, you’ll also find an area where you can either play games in our special
electronic games arcade or do your shopping.
Just beyond that on the same level, people who want a bit of fresh air or just want to see the sea can go
out onto the viewing deck, which is in the open air Make sure you wear a jacket or coat, as it can be
quite cold and windy

⊳L7_Practice 1_2
Now for some further details. This voyage is an overnight trip The ship leaves port at 7 p m and the
journey takes just over 12 hours and 45 minutes, reaching our destination at about eight tomorrow
morning. This is for the convenience of those wishing to catch the nine o’clock train, which leaves
from the ferry terminal.
Passengers with children in their party are informed that there is a special section in the restaurant
with kids' food and a play area. People with children are encouraged to turn up early to get a place, as
the section is very popular.
Make this a trip to remember. Here at the information desk, you can obtain a souvenir ship's key ring
for four euros fifty; you can upgrade from a tourist-class cabin to a first-class cabin. and you can get
your tram tickets here, which will save you time queuing in the station tomorrow morning. If you buy
them on the ship, you can get them for 20 percent off.
For those using the lounge and wishing to check their email, there's a wireless connection, but you'll
have to bring your own laptop. You can also watch the latest TV programmes there or in the coffee bar
next to the restaurant.
Finally, a unique feature on this crossing only: anyone who buys a fashion item from our wonderful
range of men’s and women’s clothes in the shopping area has the chance to win a free holiday All you
have to do is complete a sentence starting “I like Sealand Ferries because…….. “ and the best sentence
wins the prize of a holiday in Switzerland with tickets to a three-day music festival included. Talk to
any member of staff for more details.
Practice 2
⊳L7_Practice 2_1
Hi there, everybody, and welcome to Animal World Before you start your visit. I'd just like to tell you
about a few special events happening here today. They're all free, and I'd really encourage you to go to
as many of them as you can. as I think you’ll learn a lot
The first event is called The World of Ants, and it’s happening this morning quite soon in the Insect
House, which is just a short walk from here The well-known entomologist Dr. David Crocker, who
many of you will have seen on television, is giving a lecture all about ants - the different types of ants,
how they organise themselves, what they eat. their behaviour and so on It’s actually a fascinating
subject So. The World of Ants, a lecture by Dr. Crocker, in the Insect House, and it starts at 11 o'clock
and lasts for 60 minutes.
At midday, that's 12 o’clock, there's a film which is just as fascinating and it's called The Great
Migration This is all about birds and how they migrate across continents and oceans using the Sun. the
stars and the Earth's magnetic field. As I said, it’s a film - an absolutely spectacular film - which all the
family will enjoy, some fabulous photography - and it's on in Theatre C. which you can see here just
behind me - so bear that in mind for 12 o'clock.
The next event is a demonstration taking place in the Exhibition Room and given by Monica Chaddha
It's called Encouraging Garden Wildlife. Monica will be showing you
ways of encouraging animals, birds and other wildlife to visit and live in your garden, how to place
boxes for nests, what food to put out for them and all sorts of practical advice That's at 2 30. so just
after lunch.
The final free event for today is Birds of Prey Tasha, their keeper, will be giving a display of some of
our most magnificent birds and how they fly. and I thoroughly recommend this event. The display
includes eagles, vultures and owls and will be starting at 3.45 on the lawn outside. It’s an
unforgettable experience, so remember, on the front lawn at 3.45 to see the birds flying.
⊳L7_Practice 2_2
Now. I’ll just give you a few directions before you leave, especially for those of you who are feeling a
bit hungry When you leave the main building, you come to an area where the path divides. If you take
the right-hand path, you'll see the lake on your right, and exactly opposite the lake on your left is the
gift shop. Apart from selling gifts, it sells snacks, sandwiches and light drinks If you walk on past the
lake, on your right you'll also see the penguins Go past the penguins and you'll come to the restaurant,
also on your night. Don t go too far. or you'll come to the aquarium The aquarium is on your right at
the crossroad, and just over the crossroad, also on your right, is the lion enclosure
If you're thinking of having a picnic, the best place to go is the picnic area, and for this you need to
turn left at the crossroad and walk along a few metres At the end of the path, you'll find the picnic area
on your left.
Now. if you have any questions. I'd be happy to answer them and. once again, I really hope you enjoy
your visit Thank you
Practice 3
⊳L7_Practice 3_1
Hello, everyone, and welcome aboard the Sunshine Express on our journey from London to Naples.
I'm Jane Sharpe, the train manager, and I hope you'll all enjoy the trip.
Before we depart. I’d like to tell you a bit about the train and its facilities. Now, we're here on the
observation deck, which is where you’ll probably spend most of your trip, as it offers the best views,
and directly below us is a, well, we call it our leisure centre. There are some games machines, a
television, a small library and so on. If you've brought a laptop or computer with you. you can also get
onto the Internet here, as it has full wifi capability. There's also a small bar where you can get tea.
coffee and light meals. For lunch and dinner, you'll use the restaurant car, which is at the front of the
train. You'll have breakfast in your cabins, by the way. which will be brought to you by your steward.
The two cars behind the restaurant are where you’ll find the second-class cabins. Each cabin has seats
which are changed into beds at night. You'll also find a simple basin for washing, and a small fold-
down table. First-class passengers, your cabins are at the back of the train. To get to them, you'll need
to pass through the lounge. This can be used by everyone during the day. but is exclusive to first-class
passengers after 6 p.m.
Right at the back of the train, basically as far as you can go. is my office. If anyone needs to see me.
though, please use the phone in your cabin rather than coming to the office. Just press one and you'll
get me. If I'm not there, tell your steward you need to see the manager, and he or she will look for me.
⊳L7_Practice 3_2
Right, let me give you a bit more information about the trip. The first part of our journey is from
London to Paris, going through the Channel Tunnel. Il will take us just over an hour to get to the
Tunnel, including a short stop before we get there to pick up some more passengers. From there, it'll
be another three hours to Paris, so we’re looking at four hours altogether, give or take a few minutes.
A quick bit of advice about passports. You won't need these until we get to the Italian border, so I
suggest you keep them in the safe which you'll find in your cabin. Ask your steward - that’s the person
in charge of your carriage - for a key. That way. you won't need to carry them with you all the time.
Now, meals. As I said earlier, breakfast tomorrow morning will be in your cabins, and this will be
served at about 7.30, 7.45, so you’ll be able to enjoy it as we travel along the southern French coast.
Lunch is at 1 o’clock in the restaurant car, and dinner is at 8 o’clock, although we'd like you all to be at
your table about fifteen minutes earlier, at a quarter to, if you could.
When we get to the Italian border tomorrow' morning, our train will change engines, and we'll also be
getting a new crew. We'll be taking advantage of the stop to have a look around. I've arranged a visit to
the local market, a museum and a castle. This will take about four hours, with a break for coffee in a
local café, and we'll be back on the train in time for lunch.
A few quick rules. Some of you might have brought your own food or drink on board. That’s fine, but
could we ask that you consume it in your cabins and not in the restaurant or lounge? Could we also
ask you to make sure your cabin windows are closed when you’re not in your cabin? And whatever
you do, don't get off the train until we reach the Italian border. Apart from the border and one or two
other places, which I'll tell you about, any stops we make will only be for a few minutes. I’d hate to
leave anyone behind.
All right, so. moving on from the Italian border, we’ll be heading... [fade]
Practice 4
⊳L7_Practice 4_1
Hello, everyone, and welcome to our college Natural History day. You've all got your programme for
the day. but let me just give you a bit of information about your options for this morning's sessions,
which begin at half past nine. Remember, you need to attend one of these sessions.
All right, your first choice is called ‘Dogs might fly’, which will take place in Room 27. Professor
Keenan, who you may remember ran a workshop last year on how dinosaurs became extinct, will be
giving a lecture on the evolution of animals. In particular, she’ll be looking at how they may evolve in
the future, and this will be followed by a group discussion where you'll get a chance to ask her
questions and offer your own thoughts and opinions on this. So. if the evolution of animals is
something you’re interested in. head for Room 27.
We all know that animals communicate with each other, but what about flowers? Your second choice
is a video presentation called 'Flowers talk'. This considers the possibility that plants and flowers do
actually communicate with each other. The video is presented by Patrick Bell, who has just written a
book on how plants adapt to their natural environment, so it should be very interesting. That will take
place in the lecture room, no sorry, correct that, here in the main hall. We've had to move it because
the lecture room is being renovated.
The third choice is ideal for those of you who want to get a bit of fresh air. We've called it 'A world in
your garden’, which we thought was appropriate as it looks at the sort of things you can find just by
stepping out of your front door. Anyway, for those of you interested in getting away from the
classroom. Doctor Watkins will be taking you on a nature walk through the local park, and will be
telling you about some of the fascinating animals and plants that live and grow nearby. And it's a
lovely day for a walk!
The final option, well, you might want to avoid this one if you're frightened of things like snakes, as
this is a hands-on workshop where you'll actually get a chance to handle these exotic creatures. It
won't just be snakes, however. I believe Tom Howard, our resident reptile expert, has brought some
other reptiles along for you to meet, including his pet tortoise. Reggie, who is over 100 years old, and a
pet lizard he calls Arthur. So, if you want to meet Reggie and his other reptile friends, head on over to
the Biology lab at 9.30. I'm sure you'll have a lot of fun. For those of you who don't usually use the
Biology lab. could I remind you that you need to put on one of the white coats by the door before you
go in.
OK. now, we've got some students here from Bardwell College who ... [fade]
⊳L7_Practice 4_2
OK. now. we’ve got some students here from Bardwell College who have joined us for today’s events.
Hello to you all, and welcome.
Now. before our day begins, you’ll need to get a guest badge, which you’ll have to wear while you’re on
the college premises. You can get these from the administration office. To get there from the main hall,
leave the hall by the door opposite reception, turn left, and just follow the corridor to the end. The
administration office is on your right. Don't go any further, or you'll be in the sports hall. If you show
your guest badge in the café, by the way, you'll get a 20% discount on drinks and sandwiches. To get
there from the main hall, walk along the corridor between the mam hall and reception and turn right.
The café is through the first door on your left. Directly opposite the café. on the same corridor, is the
student common room, where you can go to relax and perhaps meet some of our own students.
If you have any valuables that you don’t want to carry around with you. I suggest you put these in a
locker. These are next to the sports hall, opposite the administration office. You can get a key for a
locker when you get your guest badge from the administration office. And if you want to use our
library, leave the main hall by the door opposite the one you came in - that’s the door by the bicycle
parking area - and walk to the end of the corridor. The library is through the door straight ahead of
you.