1. What is the primary function of an operating system?

a) To manage software installations

b) To provide a set of services to system programs

c) To serve web pages

d) To optimize application runtime

2. Which of the following is NOT a type of user interface provided by operating

systems?

a) Graphical User Interface (GUI)

b) Command-Line Interface (CLI)

c) Audio-Based Interface

d) Touch-Screen Interface

3. System calls are used in operating systems to:

a) Increase system security

b) Allow user programs to perform hardware-specific operations

c) Provide a platform for games

d) Interface directly with system hardware

4. Which system call category involves operations like creating and terminating
processes?

a) File management

b) Device management

c) Process control

d) Communications

5. What does the system call 'fork()' do in UNIX?

a) Creates a new directory

b) Terminates a program
c) Creates a new process

d) Writes to a file

6. Which type of system call provides mechanisms for file management?

a) Process control

b) Communications

c) Protection

d) File management

7. What is the purpose of system services like the network daemon in an operating
system?

a) To handle system security

b) To listen for network connections

c) To optimize system performance

d) To manage user permissions

8. In the context of operating system services, what does I/O operations

management entail?

a) Delegating CPU tasks

b) Managing user permissions

c) Handling operations related to input and output devices

d) Scheduling process execution

9. Which of the following is a service not typically provided by an operating system?

a) Error detection

b) Data analysis

c) Resource allocation

d) Program execution
10. How do operating systems provide security and protection as a service?

a) By managing user access to programs

b) By providing data analysis tools

c) By offering hardware-specific programming interfaces

d) By facilitating network communications

11. What is the role of linkers and loaders in an operating system?

a) To manage user permissions

b) To compile source code into executable programs

c) To load executable files into memory to be run

d) To optimize the graphical user interface

12. What are system calls?

a) GUI components

b) Services that manage user interfaces

c) APIs that provide user access to operating system services

d) Protocols for network communication

13. Which is an example of a device management system call?

a) chmod()

b) ioctl()

c) exec()

d) fork()

14. What function do system services provide in an operating system?

a) They facilitate the building of GUI components.

b) They enable the execution of system calls.

c) They perform fundamental tasks that are not visible to the user.
d) They monitor the performance of applications.

15. Which of these is a function of system programs?

a) Providing APIs for app developers

b) Offering security services only

c) Managing the kernel operations

d) Launching and managing system processes

16. What is the main purpose of the operating system's user interface?

a) To manage network settings

b) To provide a way for users to interact with the computer system

c) To restrict user access to files

d) To compile programs

17. The command 'chmod' is related to which category of system calls?

a) Process control

b) File management

c) Protection

d) Information maintenance

18. What is meant by "monolithic structure" in operating system design?

a) A design where the entire operating system is broken into modules

b) A design where the operating system is written as a single structure

c) A design that uses multiple user interfaces

d) A design specific to network operations

19. Which system call is used to terminate a process in UNIX?

a) fork()
b) exec()

c) exit()

d) open()

20. What is the role of a system debugger?

a) To configure network devices

b) To manage user accounts

c) To help identify and correct errors in system software

d) To facilitate communication between devices

21. What is a 'system call' in the context of operating systems?

a) A request for a program to access hardware directly

b) A function call in high-level programming languages

c) A request to the operating system to perform specific services related to

processes and hardware

d) A type of software that manages system resources

22. Which component is responsible for system booting in an operating system?

a) System call interface

b) Device driver

c) Boot loader

d) User interface

23. What is the main purpose of an operating system's system calls?

a) To provide a user interface

b) To allow user-level applications to request services from the kernel

c) To monitor system performance

d) To manage network protocols

24. Which of the following is a typical service provided by an operating system?

a) Web hosting

b) Data analytics

c) Task management

d) Software development

25. What does the operating system's 'loader' component do?

a) It manages CPU scheduling.

b) It loads the operating system kernel into memory.

c) It transfers files over a network.

d) It compiles source code.

26. In operating systems, what are 'linkers' used for?

a) Connecting the computer to the Internet

b) Resolving references in compiled programs

c) Encrypting data

d) Loading the operating system on startup

27. Which system call in an operating system is responsible for creating a new
process?

a) delete()

b) read()

c) fork()

d) write()
28. Operating system services typically include:

a) Providing APIs for hardware access

b) Programming in assembly language

c) Defragmenting hard drives automatically

d) Designing user interfaces

29. How do operating systems handle 'system services' that involve time-
consuming operations?

a) By running them in kernel mode

b) By using interrupts

c) By ignoring other operations

d) By offloading them to the cloud

30. What is the main role of the operating system's system services layer?

a) To provide networking protocols

b) To interface directly with hardware devices

c) To facilitate the execution of applications

d) To encrypt data on the system

31. What does the 'system service' process management involve?

a) Creating and managing user accounts

b) Managing the execution of processes

c) Handling file storage on cloud servers

d) Configuring network devices

32. Which feature of operating systems decouples application code from hardware
operations?

a) Device drivers

b) User interfaces

c) System calls

d) Encryption services

33. Why is the system call interface crucial for modern operating systems?
a) It provides security against malware.

b) It allows the operating system to control access to hardware resources.

c) It serves as the user interface.

d) It enhances the system's networking capabilities.

34. Which of the following is NOT a function of an operating system?

a) Data management

b) Application development

c) Task scheduling

d) Resource allocation

35. How do operating systems use 'linkers'?

a) To connect the system to the Internet

b) To link object code to libraries

c) To load the operating system on startup

d) To manage user permissions

36. What does the 'boot loader' do in an operating system?

a) It compresses data to save disk space.

b) It manages the user login process.

c) It loads the kernel into memory during system startup.

d) It optimizes the CPU usage.

37. In the context of an operating system, what is the primary purpose of device
drivers?

a) To provide software for office applications

b) To manage communication between the operating system and hardware

devices

c) To monitor the performance of applications

d) To create user interfaces

38. What role do 'system programs' play in operating system architecture?

a) They provide the environment for application software to run.

b) They only manage network connections.

c) They are solely responsible for user data encryption.

d) They handle hardware operations only.

39. Which of the following is an example of a system program in an operating
system?

a) Data analysis tool

b) Device driver

c) Web browser

d) Word processor

40. What is the function of 'system calls' related to file management?

a) To encrypt files

b) To create, delete, read, and write files

c) To configure network settings

d) To schedule processes

41. What is a process in the context of operating systems?

a) A command issued by the user

b) A system's inactive data

c) A program in execution

d) A function within the system

42. Which section of a process contains the executable code?

a) Data section

b) Stack

c) Text section

d) Heap section
43. What does the PCB stand for?

a) Process Control Base

b) Process Configuration Block

c) Process Communication Base

d) Process Control Block

44. Which is NOT a typical state of a process?

a) Running

b) Stopped

c) Waiting

d) Paused

45. What mechanism deals with the execution of user programs and system
programs?

a) Process scheduling

b) Interrupt handling

c) Boot sequencing

d) Resource allocation

46. Which is NOT a method of interprocess communication?

a) Pipes

b) Semaphores

c) Shared memory
d) Email

47. Which system is used for interprocess communication in a client-server

model?

a) Pipes

b) Sockets

c) Shared memory

d) Signals

48. What type of system call provides the creation and management of processes?

a) Development calls

b) Control calls

c) Kernel calls

d) Management calls

49. A process can be terminated due to:

a) Completion

b) Error

c) External interruption

d) All of the above

50. In Unix, the system call to create a new process is:

a) create()

b) fork()
c) new()

d) exec()

51. What is a thread in the context of operating systems?

a) A unit of CPU utilization

b) A type of process

c) A memory management function

d) A data synchronization technique

52. Which of these is a benefit of multithreaded programming?

a) Reduced resource allocation

b) Increased responsiveness

c) Simplified code

d) Decreased system calls

53. How does a multithreaded process differ from a single-threaded process?

a) It requires more memory

b) It cannot run on modern operating systems

c) It can perform more than one task at a time

d) It does not allow for parallel execution

54. Which of the following is a model for thread management in an operating

system?

a) Many-to-one
b) One-to-many

c) Many-to-many

d) Both A and C

55. What is a deadlock in the context of concurrency?

a) An error that crashes the system

b) A situation where a set of processes are blocked because each process is

holding a resource and waiting for another

c) A quick termination of a process

d) A failure in synchronization

56. What kind of problems are solved by thread libraries?

a) Network connectivity issues

b) Storage limitations

c) Resource management in multitasking

d) Creating and managing threads

57. Which is NOT a type of thread according to common multithreading models?

a) Kernel threads

b) User threads

c) System threads

d) Process threads

58. What is meant by 'thread safety'?

a) The process is protected against thread creation

b) The process is executed with the highest priority

c) Ensuring that multiple threads do not cause data corruption

d) Making sure threads run independently without scheduling

59. What mechanism can be used for threads to communicate directly without
using process methods?

a) Virtual memory

b) Shared registers

c) Message passing

d) Interrupt requests

60. Concurrency increases with which threading model?

a) One-to-one model

b) Many-to-one model

c) Many-to-many model

d) Single-thread model

61. What is the main function of the process scheduler in an operating system?

a) To manage internal memory

b) To prioritize system input/output

c) To determine the execution order of processes

d) To monitor CPU usage

62. Which operation is not performed by a process?

a) I/O operation

b) Data processing

c) Memory allocation

d) Power management

63. What does the system call exec() do?

a) Creates a new process

b) Terminates the current process

c) Replaces the process memory space with a new program

d) Exchanges data between processes

64. Which of these components is NOT part of the user-level context?

a) Program Counter

b) Stack

c) Registers

d) Kernel stack

65. How is interprocess communication accomplished using messages?

a) Through shared memory

b) Through direct memory access

c) By passing data between processes without shared state

d) By using global variables

66. What kind of resource scheduling is involved in managing processes?

a) Peripheral scheduling

b) Memory scheduling

c) CPU scheduling

d) Network scheduling

67. Which one is an example of synchronous interprocess communication?

a) Pipes

b) Signals

c) Semaphores

d) Shared Memory

68. What does a process typically do if it requires I/O while executing?

a) Pauses execution until I/O is complete

b) Continues to process other tasks

c) Exits

d) Executes a system call to schedule I/O

69. What is true about a daemon process in UNIX?

a) It runs only when the user logs in

b) It performs hardware diagnostics

c) It is a background process
d) It cannot access the hardware directly

70. What does the wait() system call do in a process?

a) It sends data to another process

b) It makes the process idle until one of its child processes finishes

c) It immediately stops the execution of the process

d) It checks for any errors in the process's execution

71. What allows threads to run independently and share resources?

a) Process isolation

b) System calls

c) Common address space

d) Independent address space

72. Which of the following best defines a lightweight process?

a) A process that uses minimal CPU resources

b) A thread within a process

c) A process that performs only simple tasks

d) A standalone process without any threads

73. What is mutual exclusion in the context of concurrency?

a) Allowing multiple threads to access shared resources simultaneously

b) Ensuring that one thread can access a resource at any given time
c) Preventing any thread from accessing resources

d) Allowing all threads to be executed at the same time

74. Which threading model maps multiple user-level threads to one kernel thread?

a) Many-to-one

b) One-to-one

c) Many-to-many

d) Two-level

75. How does the operating system provide concurrency?

a) By allowing multiple applications to run sequentially

b) By using a single-threaded approach

c) By ensuring threads from different processes do not interact

d) By allowing multiple applications to run in parallel

76. Which is NOT a benefit of thread pools?

a) Reducing the time to create threads repeatedly

b) Limiting the number of threads running in parallel

c) Increasing the complexity of thread management

d) Managing the execution of threads efficiently

77. What typically triggers a context switch between threads in the same process?

a) A system call
b) Completion of the process

c) An I/O request

d) A hardware interrupt

78. What is race condition?

a) When the system crashes due to excessive load

b) When multiple threads try to access and modify the same data concurrently

c) When a process executes more quickly than anticipated

d) When threads run in a sequence without overlapping

79. Which synchronization tool would be most suitable for managing access to a
shared resource?

a) Message queue

b) Mutex

c) Event flag

d) Pipe

80. What is the primary advantage of dividing program execution into multiple
threads?

a) Increased complexity

b) Decreased resource usage

c) Improved throughput

d) Simplified error handling