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Comprehensive Guide to Data Structure Patterns

The document is a comprehensive guide to various data structure and algorithm (DSA) patterns, organized into 13 categories including Array, Linked List, Stack, Queue, Hashing, Tree, Graph, Heap, Backtracking, Dynamic Programming, Bit Manipulation, Trie, and Segment Tree patterns. Each category lists specific patterns along with key algorithms and techniques relevant to that structure. The guide emphasizes the importance of studying each pattern with example problems and implementations for enhanced understanding.

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Parvez Alam I
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7 views3 pages

Comprehensive Guide to Data Structure Patterns

The document is a comprehensive guide to various data structure and algorithm (DSA) patterns, organized into 13 categories including Array, Linked List, Stack, Queue, Hashing, Tree, Graph, Heap, Backtracking, Dynamic Programming, Bit Manipulation, Trie, and Segment Tree patterns. Each category lists specific patterns along with key algorithms and techniques relevant to that structure. The guide emphasizes the importance of studying each pattern with example problems and implementations for enhanced understanding.

Uploaded by

Parvez Alam I
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Guide to Data Structure Patterns

1. Array Patterns

●​ Sliding Window (Fixed & Variable Size)


●​ Two Pointers
●​ Kadane’s Algorithm (Maximum Subarray)
●​ Prefix Sum & Difference Arrays
●​ Merge Intervals
●​ Binary Search on Sorted Arrays
●​ Dutch National Flag Algorithm (Three-Way Partitioning)

2. Linked List Patterns

●​ Two Pointer (Fast & Slow Pointers)


●​ Reversal of Linked List
●​ Cycle Detection (Floyd’s Algorithm)
●​ Merge Two Sorted Lists
●​ Remove Nth Node from End
●​ Palindrome Linked List

3. Stack Patterns

●​ Monotonic Stack
●​ Next Greater/Smaller Element
●​ Balanced Parentheses (Stack for Validity)
●​ Min/Max Stack
●​ Stack for Infix, Prefix, Postfix Evaluation

4. Queue & Deque Patterns

●​ Sliding Window Maximum (Deque Implementation)


●​ Circular Queue
●​ LRU Cache (Using HashMap & Doubly Linked List)
●​ Monotonic Queue

5. Hashing Patterns

●​ HashMap for Frequency Counting


●​ Two Sum Problem (Hashing for Lookup)
●​ Group Anagrams (Hashing + Sorting)
●​ Subarray Sum Equals K (Prefix Sum + HashMap)
●​ Rabin-Karp for Pattern Matching
6. Tree Patterns

●​ Depth-First Search (Preorder, Inorder, Postorder)


●​ Breadth-First Search (Level Order Traversal)
●​ Binary Search Tree (BST) Invariant
●​ Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA)
●​ Tree Diameter Calculation
●​ Morris Traversal (Threaded Binary Tree)

7. Graph Patterns

●​ DFS & BFS Traversal


●​ Topological Sorting (Kahn’s Algorithm, DFS)
●​ Cycle Detection in Graphs (Directed & Undirected)
●​ Dijkstra’s Algorithm (Shortest Path)
●​ Bellman-Ford Algorithm (Single Source Shortest Path)
●​ Floyd-Warshall Algorithm (All-Pairs Shortest Path)
●​ Union-Find (Disjoint Set Union - DSU)
●​ Minimum Spanning Tree (Kruskal & Prim’s Algorithm)

8. Heap (Priority Queue) Patterns

●​ Kth Largest/Smallest Element


●​ Merge K Sorted Lists
●​ Top K Frequent Elements
●​ Median of a Running Stream (Two Heaps Approach)

9. Backtracking Patterns

●​ N-Queens Problem
●​ Sudoku Solver
●​ Word Search in Grid
●​ Subset Generation (Power Set)
●​ Permutation & Combination Generation

10. Dynamic Programming (DP) Patterns

●​ 0/1 Knapsack & Unbounded Knapsack


●​ Subset Sum Problem
●​ Longest Common Subsequence (LCS, LIS, etc.)
●​ Coin Change Problem
●​ Matrix Chain Multiplication
●​ DP on Trees (Subtree DP)
11. Bit Manipulation Patterns

●​ Checking if a Number is a Power of Two


●​ Counting Set Bits (Brian Kernighan’s Algorithm)
●​ XOR Trick (Find Missing Number, Single Non-Repeating Element)
●​ Bitmask DP

12. Trie (Prefix Tree) Patterns

●​ Insert, Search, and Delete Operations


●​ Autocomplete System
●​ Longest Common Prefix (Trie-Based Approach)
●​ Word Break Problem

13. Segment Tree & Fenwick Tree Patterns

●​ Range Sum Queries


●​ Range Minimum Query
●​ Lazy Propagation in Segment Trees
●​ Fenwick Tree for Efficient Prefix Sum Queries

This guide provides a structured approach to DSA patterns. Each pattern should be studied
with example problems and implementations for better understanding.

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