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Acn Unit 1 Points Simple

The document outlines key concepts in network architecture, including the structure and layered models, performance metrics like bandwidth and latency, and technologies for high-speed networks. It covers error detection, reliable transmission, Ethernet, overlay networks, and peer-to-peer systems, highlighting their roles in resource sharing and content distribution. Additionally, it discusses client-server networks and delay tolerant networks, emphasizing their applications in various environments.

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5 views2 pages

Acn Unit 1 Points Simple

The document outlines key concepts in network architecture, including the structure and layered models, performance metrics like bandwidth and latency, and technologies for high-speed networks. It covers error detection, reliable transmission, Ethernet, overlay networks, and peer-to-peer systems, highlighting their roles in resource sharing and content distribution. Additionally, it discusses client-server networks and delay tolerant networks, emphasizing their applications in various environments.

Uploaded by

bpranith5765
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Network Architecture

 Structure of a network: how components (hosts, routers, links) are arranged.


 Layered architecture (OSI/TCP-IP models).
 Functions of each layer (e.g., Application, Transport, Network, Link, Physical).
 Encapsulation and protocol stacks.

⚙️2. Performance: Bandwidth and Latency

 Bandwidth: Maximum data transfer rate (bits/sec).


 Latency: Delay between sender and receiver (measured in ms).
 Components of latency: Transmission, Propagation, Processing, and Queuing delays.
 Throughput: Actual data delivered per unit time.
 Jitter: Variation in delay.

🚀 3. High-Speed Networks

 Focus on fiber optics, 5G, satellite, gigabit Ethernet.


 High data rate support with low latency.
 Technologies like MPLS, SDN.

🌐 4. Network-Centric View

 Viewing applications/systems as network-dependent.


 Focus on resource sharing, scalability, reliability.
 Cloud computing and edge computing perspectives.

⚠️5. Error Detection & Reliable Transmission

 Error Detection: Techniques like Parity, Checksum, CRC (Cyclic Redundancy


Check).
 Reliable Transmission: Protocols like TCP, ARQ (Stop-and-Wait, Go-Back-N,
Selective Repeat).
 Acknowledgment (ACK), retransmission, sequence numbers.

🔌 6. Ethernet & Multiple Access


 Ethernet: Wired LAN technology, uses MAC addresses.
 CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) in older Ethernet.
 MAC layer handles frame delivery.
 Multiple Access: Techniques to share medium (TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, CSMA).

🕸️7. Overlay Networks

 Logical networks built on top of physical networks.


 Used in P2P, VPNs, content delivery.
 Independent routing and structure.

🚏 8. Routing Overlays

 Routing in overlay networks (e.g., DHT in P2P systems).


 Examples: Chord, Pastry, Kademlia.
 Efficient data location and delivery.

🤝 9. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) & Content Distribution Networks (CDN)

 P2P: No central server, peers share resources.


 CDN: Distribute content from central servers to edge servers.
 Improve speed, reduce latency, and increase reliability.

💻 10. Client-Server Networks

 Central server provides services/data to multiple clients.


 Examples: web servers, file servers.
 Easier management, but scalability can be a concern.

🛰️11. Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs)

 Designed for environments with intermittent or long delays.


 Store-and-forward technique.
 Used in space communication, remote areas.

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