huls and is þc's usig

hath leuices
Swith " lenorstnatethe data ticumsmlssion u,i
acen.DiffeHertiate the
in surme plat fon o c TSCO paket t
tiakirg o both deuices 1n this ptatfamn.

" Pant 1: set u LAN wing a HUB

Ohem C1sco þacket naen anel 2 Huls

fifteen IG] PC from "End clesier
Step 2. Choose
to the COT utndow.
dog ’ it foon hile to
Step3 hoot "ospen straight able "
all 10 PCsand neaining 5 to
othen hul. hul to PG
" Choose opanto ngw this 11s.
sane fan athen
choose "fast ethenneto" do
and
to
Cneen Aigna tn the wstne Bhous theyeeady
Lommuniate.
e TIP asolneu to eaLh PC. [Co ’ 19 2-168.1 -1 J
T e Gte unt dento sett onchoose I?
no ts
Mik on eah PC ren enten
pnode T adaren to each PC
aonfiguaton ’ aloted.
atomaally subnet mak shoulo be
PCO ho to deskto then tek on (MD

nompt. ping 192-169.11 to chece connetulty between tca.

se the Adal 8tye ppu ool frorn Loneloe lonJ

’Uik on po,then PC14
’0bsenve the sfmulatton
on slmulatton mocde to wew how data s nadeate
to all pants in the Hu8].
 swITCH
lant 2. Setub LAN
End dewe'"
Ste 1 Choose 1s PCs and 1 Suith fonon
wtndow.
1t to the cpT
cabe" dnag it frorn
Atej2 hoose "cohen stnalght thngh
suith to al 14 s
ethenet 7 n o w dhag this wine fnoa
ol
" (hoose fat
’ do 6ne
fuyt ethemet o?
& witeh to Pl ’ nd chooe
fon othen PCs
to
1n the wie shoun they'ne ea
conmunlcate.
Cicis 19-)6 8.2-1J
e bie uni que IP asldnen to ceh P.
hu to deskto sectt on hoe
ik om eah Pl
TP configwati on oui de IP adae to eah P
pe enten automaally subnet mask weld be
all ated.
deskto then Uick n (Mn
stes Ulk on a PG oo to
pnonyt ping 192-168-2.1 to chect conneti uity betueen l
ste- we Ado Ample PDU tos! LEn veloe 1con
PCI4, then PC 28
t k on
oene the simulatlon
data ony to the clestnaton
LSee haw S ui teh farurads

HuB Boadeasts the data to all clet ces

Switeh Bend clata ony to the taget deuie.

MAC addnenes.
 CTSCO packet aer.
- Ow to eate static
nd 4 PCs.
treate thit routrg sg 2 0tery 2suithes

tep1 Ghen cisco packet

packet tnacen
se72 Add PCe and netuorkng deices to the uaep
to End detes"
"'ho to desce toel ban,then

Netwerk deicen,crag and dno 1 gemenic s

no to nouten)ot wokae
2 nuten leg 2911 senies
Ihen fren end desices, dnag and dro renenic Ps.

Bteb-3, Connet deutes

" Uk on the connetion ton
" Connet a PCs to the suiteh uingtophern stnasgt
fhrough able'" fastEthenet O.
Conet the soten to the suteh and both N9ute
to earh then
66
Senial calle
"eo'per
IP Addrees
" ick on Plo, go to desktop then open IP configuatio
Asgn the toouirg IP addenes:
PCo 192.168-1-1
192-168.1-2
PC2 192-163,2-3
PC19216&.2- 4
Swtt0 192-16 8-1-5
Swtth2192-16 8-2 6
Routen 19 2- ls &-1.7 , Bental o/of b lo.o.0.1
Ruttn 1 112-15
8 4 , &enlalo/o[ o 10.00. 2
the Ie adorees, et the
far PCO , PCI
default
to (192-168.1. 7) Routeio IP addresa
and p2, PCI to lig2-168 .2 -1) Routeni To addren
Btep-s onfigune the nouten
the Ruten10 them
then go config
toAtti ta
 lck on Rmuten o Go to cony tab
bnten the fotaing comrnandi
Intenfncei Cas thennet olo
P Tr Addre 192-16&.J·9
+subnet Mask 3 265. 265. 266.o
Intenface1 senlal olojo
+Part atatuss On TP addres 16.0.0.3
Subnet MaKr 25).2s2-252,2s2On DUE stde)
clock nate s 6400o (ony
Atatta Route
(Aick touti ng" statt"
Netwk: 192-168. 2- 0
MasR
NextHat lo. o.0.2
CAlck Add
Rsuten1 Contlgwatton lik on Routen1 ho to conflg tal
3te
Intertoace : FatEthennet o/o
Part tatus: on IP adaeu: 112-168- 2-1
sulsnet Mask: 155.24s 26S.332

Intenface: senial o/o/o

+ Pont statu, On IP adden 10,0-0-2
Subret Mayk: 252,.252-262.2s2

statto Route
uick "Routing " tatic"
Add Oute :
" Netwark ? 192-]68-10
Mayk : 255-25S.265-o
Next hop 10.0-01
" Uick Adal

Bte & Test connetvi ty

Open PlO >Deskto > Cornrnand þromot
Tye Fing 192-168.2-2
" you should jet nela t Motng is conety contyuned.
" geseat from (1 to PC3 to test Ful connectity.
 HUB SwI|CH
Fcatwe
to clestnattor
"Data
nansnlid
Bnodkant to all ants Demh
pant
only
fktemty Stngle ahaneal dlorna) n Each ont has itt un domaln
Penaln
MALaddn Low(due to calitiavn)High (Inteligemt fonumag
yes

Banduith Shaned acnen all fants Dediatead per hant.

shanlng

Layes 2(oata Link)

 In
Cometer Netore, neate the follouing?
L Study o netwok IP
I.lawihcaton TP adodrey
IO Sub
Supen

Btudy o Netwok Te LInternet lootscolJ

What is an TP Addrey?
An Ip adden ts a untgue numentcal icentfen aalged to
each dele onnected to a netuank. It enaales cornuniatn
betuen deues in a netuwrk a uen the tntener.

" IP Adde Famat:

9TPv 4 CIntenet Proto ce lon )
nmlsers
Foumat 32-bit adolres wnltem as fon decimal
separatel by dot Ceg 192. j68-] -1 )
255.25S.255.25 S
Eangei
(2) Iy6 (Intenet Rrotocal vensi on 6)
Famat 28 -bits addres ntten n henadeimal
le-g,20010dkg: 85a3: 000010000 Ra 2e030:7334)
Pnides a vaty dagen addreu sjace.
(L) lasi fication o TP adde (1Pvt)
Ty4 adoee ae diice 1nto S laes , matriy basel
the i s t octe.
Range finyt oc tet] Netronk bits Host bits Used fon
A 1-126 24 Lange netwerky
16 Medlum netwrks
128 - 191 16

24
Small netwky
192 -223

224- 239
D

E
240-25 5 Ex petimental(eesenved)

Notes 12 -0.0.0 1s seenvel fon Jeop batk local hast)

Subnett ts tntheg pmoces oy dividing a darge netwank1nto
malen sus-netuoky (subnet) to irbnaue benformame
niatton,amd aeunity
Exarnple
They want
cemany has TP blotk 192-68-1 -0 |2+ (clanc).
4 subnet, ':
" Sulenet mayk? /26 255.26S.255.192
" Each Aubnet has 64 IRs 62 (us atsle)

why we subretng
sulrnees
ftcient IP addes wsage
Tnprues networt mamagement
Enhamcea seuni ty
Reduces congeston.
Heu subretrg wky
An TP addes has two parto:
’Netwak þorton ’ ldemnt fres the aual netwrk.
+Hat ontton ’ IdentiHes ndividual deies tthin that
hetuk

"Subnetig meves bits from the host bantton to the

mare netuky sith fewn hosts netwah
fantonjeathrg each.
suhennetg (CIDR ’C Jasles rter Doman Routtng)
Tt combtnes ulhple mallen netwgns tnto ager
T+ 1s the opþosite o Aubnetting and is wed to edue
table emtnies anol otmine adoen allocation,
Exampe: 192-16 8-0-0/24
yeu hwe 4 Cla C netue 192-16 8.1-0 )2f
112, 168-2-O 124
192-l68.3-0 /2+
They can be supenneted tnto:
o19 -168. O- o /22
CIDR bloch Couey all faun netuahy in Gne nte,
This
neduin 9ting suenhead,
fsw to weate "Dynamil nsuting ing Cisco þachet saten.
wreate this nguting wsig the folloi desies?
ORoute, (sui tce Multi ple PUS
To eate Dynamie soutig in Cisco þachet tracerj
" Route 2 used
2 uyed
MuHe Pls 4 Pes L2 bensuttea

step1, ohem clsco þocket tasen.

wenhlae,
Ae2 Add pGs and netwking dees te thedetces"
" Gro to Enl
deuce toslhan,then go to
prag amd hes +Pcs onto the workjloce.
Gno to netwank dees and drop 2 gemeria switeh,
amcl 2 nsuten lesg 2911 semes neute) onto warkblllo
Them fnom end deui ces, wsig dag and drop genente Pls,
Atek3, Connect levtces
"lck en the sonnectien icon
Aornet al Pls to the sutth wng "co}ßen stoalght cabe
on fastEthernet 0.
Connet the nouten to the swith and both outen to
each then tsenia! aable?
TP adoneyes
steþ-t Aslgn PCO to ces kto then en IP Lontguratien,
IP adoees
Aag the follotog
tco 192-l681-2 Defoult Gateay (92 l68"1-1
PeI 192-l68."3
PLI’19)-Jb6,2-3J
C2 192 Detautt bateway+192-/6e-2-1

eouten 0 192-168.11 )Benl a o/0joB - J-9.0.1

Roten1 92-\68.2- l, 6enl o/o/o 0.o. O. 2
"ustie asgning the TP adebeses,set the default gateway
Eon PL0 Pci to C192)68 -11) Router0 I!
ec, to
adebe,omd
C192-168-2- 1) couten1 IP adceu
Se 5, (orflgwe the mouter

Routen o (on figwaHon

*Fast Ethenret oVO Pont stotus : oN
TP 19)168.1
Mask. 26 6.265.265. 0
Port 8ttu?ON
IP : 10.O"0. 1
Mosk! 256.255. 255-2S2
Lo cloct Rate 6too0 (pCE cn)
Routen1 Conflgwaton
Pat status:ON
o FaytEthornet o
IPr 192.)6 &. 2-1
Mayk? 255.255.255.0

Sen)a O/olo Pont status s N

TP3 IO.0.0 .2
Mask 255.2ss. 25 5.252

Atet 6. conftgue Dy nami o kouting (REP)

n Reuten
-’RIP
Cho to confy’ RouHg
Adal the foloung netwnks:
192-|68.1.0
10.0-OO
hck Add fan eah
n Routen 1

Adl
confignoutingRIP
192-1622-0
10-00-0
Uck Aeld fon ench

Ate} 7. Tent wonnechity

en po peskto Com manel bompt
Tye pirg 192:16&.2-2
yet Auenful ephes,showtng that RIP hau
cymamtaley shenedrout'ng fsnation.
Q-11, In CISCO a«ket toaen,
ocale he Aulomet nask In Cohuten
nehuk. Atbo (trd he Inleulrg
(T) Subnet Mask
( )Netutank TD

u) Bvoadcast TD

Examle scemanto:
Let say you e glvem the TP addes 192-16 &.10.ol26
CThis means aubnet mask t6 26]
Calulate subnet Mask
CIDR S /26
Means 26 bita oe used fon netunk
Bubnet Mask in bincny: 111 11111. 1111111 1.1111111. 11000000
sulenet Mast n Dednal 25 6. 255. 25 5.192
Bubnet Mas k =255.255-265.192

DNetwork ID
To fnal the netuank ID, we loot at the frut udalres of the
subnet.
Subnet ock ? 19 2. ls&. 10.0 /2
S ulsne ?192.16 &10.0 to 19 2-)6&-Lo. 63
Pnge 132- )6g. 1o. O
30,Netwank To

IU)Host JD
Hsta ane the usable adlalrese betueen the wetuak IDan
byoadast addres.
Frut walele host 19)68-l0 . 1
Lost able host = 19).96 &10.62
ogn amy IP ?n ths
thia ange to
" Let's a n e me host has IP 192-l6&.16. 10

HOST TD = 19 2-16 &.20.10

)Brro0adleaut Io
Boroaleant aoavew ts the Jast IP 1n the sumet, weal to
contat a hauts.
o Ramge sutonet 19216&. 10. 6/24
Adoess blok Alze = 64 adalenes ln)
Last IP 19 2- 168-10. 63

Bo0 aalcast TD 192.468.40.63

0-1? How to ftnd the memleen ol ulomot valid Host utthin a
netwok.Penfom t amd umtte stes,
Ste Undeutamol the Grt ven TP anol sulbret Mau
tAume yau'me given
IP addes 192-168-Lo .o
Bubnet ask
ak 226 CcIDR notatorn)

steh2, lonent CIDR te uenet Mauk

CIDR Sulsnet Mayk
/26 255.255-255. 19 2

Explanation 26 bits cre fon the netwak

Ste Kalculate no.

Remalring 6 brts (32-36) ane fon host aenes

" 192 16 8. 1Ô.0 belorgs to CAas c (be<ault /24)

- 26- 2t ~ 2 ta

No. susnet, =2^n, whee n nwmben barewed bita

so, 1^2 4 sunet,,
, no, subnets =4

steb lalwlate no. alid hasts en subnet

" No, G hosts 2^h- 2 7 where h no.
" In l26, 6 bits ane fan host,
of hayt btts
2^6-2 64 -2 62 vold hosts hen snet
Bo, valid host ben sulnet z62.
Ste &
"Let's lst the utornets amdl then wsabde host IP mange ?
Subnet Netuonk IDE1t hoy t Last host Boadast I
192-168.10.0 1924b&.jo1 192-16&- lo62 192-16 &:16 63

2 192- 168-10-6t192-)6 R10s 19246 &-| b|2s 192.168- 10.127

192-168 .10128 192-1&8.J41192.46R.10190192-168.1o.191

4 192- \68. Jo. 192192-168| 6.H 192- 168025 4| 192- 168 .10.2 S
 OT3onfoune FTP 4enven in
ebe usithin o
CTSCO baket Taen.1o wpote
retuok and unite the stos fan 1t.
bei Ghen CIsuo pachet traen.
stey2 on the cletce toolbar,cnag and dno 4 Pcs, 1 serven
and 1 sudteh onto the wwarebpae:
Bte3, Wick on the conneti on 1con , we oher- stnasght throgh
aues to ennet eoch pc and he FTP Beyey to the
wang fastetheneto.
Bteh Ut n PCO, then go to Des ktof, ten hen IP
the IP ddre
orttgwntr
29.203. 263, 1

Bteps Tn the same way aslgn TP addres to othen PCs nd zenn

PCO 9.20 2-253. 2
PC1 29.20z 25 2-3
PC2 19. 203.25 3-4
PC3 29.263, 253.4
Berwer 29 203.253.5
Ste , Uik on the serv ,o to nteet ther to FTP and
to tab
go
" Add a usen
Wennasme : Wen 1
Pasward : cisco
Horme dinetony : (leave deyautt tyte
Astgn IP (14 not done yet
Config Fast Ethenet o
8eB IP 192. 168-10 Subnet: 255.255-265 -o
steb, Test FTP f on apc
" Uick Pco
Go to pes kto þ emmand promt
Ty he fth 192-168-1-1 o
" wharn pornp teo en name" wse
" yay shouldl see PCsndclsco
49ged» in