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The document outlines the design and implementation of a 4-bit Arithmetic Unit (AU) that performs addition and subtraction based on a control input. It details the components required, the theory behind binary addition and subtraction using 2's complement, and the procedure for setting up the circuit. The circuit successfully demonstrates arithmetic operations with visual outputs using LEDs.

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urooba.20659n
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28 views5 pages

OEL New

The document outlines the design and implementation of a 4-bit Arithmetic Unit (AU) that performs addition and subtraction based on a control input. It details the components required, the theory behind binary addition and subtraction using 2's complement, and the procedure for setting up the circuit. The circuit successfully demonstrates arithmetic operations with visual outputs using LEDs.

Uploaded by

urooba.20659n
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Objective:

To design and implement a 4-bit Arithmetic Unit (AU) that performs:

 Addition when the control input M = 0


 Subtraction when the control input M = 1

Components required:
 Breadboard
 DC power supply
 IC 7486
 IC 7483
 Wires
 Multimeter
 LED’s and switches

The following ICs and their data sheets:


 7486 2-input XOR gate
 7483 4-bit full adders with fast carry

Formula:
S = A + B (Addition)

S + A + (~B) + 1 (Subtraction)

Theory:
A 4-bit arithmetic unit (AU) capable of both performing addition and
subtraction is a fundamental digital circuit used in arithmetic logic
units (ALU) of processors. It operates on two 4-bit binary numbers, A
and B, producing a 4-bit result along with a carry (or borrow) output.

 Binary Addition

In binary addition, each bit of two binary numbers (A and B) is


summed with any carry from the previous lower bit. The 74LS83N IC
is a 4-bit parallel adder that outputs the sum of two 4-bit binary
inputs, along with a carry-out.
 Binary Subtraction (Using 2's Complement)

Subtraction is achieved by taking the 2’s complement of the second


input (B) and adding it to the first input (A). The 2's complement of B
is formed by inverting each bit of B and adding 1. This inversion is
done by XORing each bit of B with the control input (Mode).

 Control Input (Mode Select)

 Mode = 0: Addition (A + B)
 Mode = 1: Subtraction (A + ~B + 1)

XOR gates invert B’s bits when Mode=1 and pass B unchanged when
Mode=0. The control input is also connected to the carry-in of the
adder to introduce the required ‘+1’ for 2’s complement subtraction.

Working:
The circuit has two sets of 4-bit inputs: A(A1-A4) and B(B1-B4). The
XOR gates inverts B’s bits based on the mode control input. The
modified B inputs and A inputs are fed to the 74LS83N IC. The sum
output S1-S4 and carry-out are displayed using LEDs.

Procedure:
1. Connect the logic input switches (A1-A4 and B1-B4) to represent
the two binary numbers.
2. Connect the Mode select switch to determine addition or
subtraction.
3. Connect the XOR gates to the B inputs and Mode control input.
4. Feed the modified B inputs and A inputs into the 74LS83N IC.
5. Connect the sum outputs (S1-S4) and carry out to LEDs.
6. Apply power to the circuit and select input values and Mode.
7. Observe the output LEDs for the 4-bit result.

Observation:
 For Addition:

INPUTS OUTPUTS
A4 A3 A2 A1 B4 B3 B2 B1 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

 For Subtraction:

INPUTS OUTPUTS
A4 A3 A2 A1 B4 B3 B2 B1 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1

1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1

0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0

Circuit Diagram:
Conclusion:
This manual covers the design and implementation of a 4-bit arithmetic unit
using a 74LS83N IC and XOR gates. It demonstrates both addition and
subtraction operations using a control input and basic digital logic. The
circuit successfully performs arithmetic operations with visual LED outputs.

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