GE Parts Super Center

• Bushing Potential Device

TVPE KA-l08
INTRODUCTION

Power systems need a low voltage equivalent of the The Potential Device connects to the Voltage Tap
system line voltage for relaying or measuring purposes. (Capacitance Tap) on the HV bushing and provides:
The most common method to obtain this is to use a
potential transformer. Potential transformers are very 1) Another capacitance in parallel to the bushing C2
accurate, but are expensive, both for purchase and to reduce the voltage to a preferred value (between
installation. They take considerable space in a sub 3 and 7.5kVl,
station and require a mounting platform several feet
2) A stepdown transformer to step this voltage down
above ground. High voltage bushings are common in
to 115/66.4 - volts, and
substations as part of power transformers and circuit
breakers. HV bushings form a capacitance divider as a 3) An adjustable inductive reactance used to correct
natural consequence of the construction. So there is a the output voltage phase angle to beinline with
voltage signal available which is proportional to the the system voltage.
system voltage at every bushing above 115kV fitted with
a voltage tap. .

Fig. 1 Type KA-108 potential device with door open showing the adjustment panel.
Ground switch handle at top interlocks with panel when switch is "OPEN"

These instructions do not purport to cover all details or variations in equipment or to provide for every possible contingency to be met In
connection with installation, operation or maintenance. Should further information be desired or should particular problems arise which are
not covered efficiently for the purchaser's purposes, the matter should be referred to the' General Electric Company

GEI-95192G
Supersedes GEI-95192F
INSTRUCTIONS
GEI-95l92G Bushing Potential Device, Type KA-lOa

The potential device (Figs. 1 and 2) will deliver an Lifting lugs are provided on the sides of the housing for
economic signal for relays, synchroscopes, voltmeters, vertical lifting If the device and accessories cannot be
and other instruments. Since the accuracy of the device installed soon after their arrival, store them in a clean
is limited, it is not recommended for metering for dry place. After continued storage, inspect for moisture
revenue applications. The potential device is energized on all internal parts. Be sure all parts are thoroughly dry
from the capacitance tap of a condenser bushing, circuit before installing and using the device.
breaker or a current transformer.
The potential device is designated Class A in DESCRIPTION
accordance with NEMA SG. 4 - 1990. When properly
adjusted to suit a particular bushing, the device will The bushing potential device contains a high-
furnish two independent potentials of 115 and 66.4 volts reactance transformer, adjusting equipment, an
each. The voltages are in phase with, and have a fixed auxiliary capacitor, a ground switch, a protective gap,
ratio to the line-to-ground voltage of the bushing. and a separately powered space heater. These parts are
Ratio and phase angle vary slightly with changes in contained in a weatherproof steel housing.
line voltage, burden and frequency, but remain within The high-reactance step-down transformer is
the limits permitted by the Standard NEMA SG 4-1990 contained in an oil-filled tank having a 1-inch (25.4-mm)
Sections 3.8.4.1 (Voltage Regulation), 3.8.4.2 (Burden air cushion above the oil. The high-voltage bushing
Regulation) and 3.8.5 (Adjustment). connects to the primary coil. Secondary leads are
brought out through a low-voltage feed-through and
RECEIVING, HANDLING AND STORING connected to taps on the power tap switch (Volts Coarse)
mounted to the transformer cover. Fig. 3 shows a
Examine the equipment as soon as it is received for typical Connection Diagram.
any damage that might have been sustained in The adjustment equipment consists essentially of an
shipment. If injury or rough handling is evident, file a adjustment transformer, phase-angle capacitors, and
damage claim with the Transportation Company power-factor capacitors. Rotary and toggle switches on
immediately and notify the nearest General Electric the front of the panel control them. The hinged panel can
Sales Office promptly. be opened to provide access to the interior of the
Carefully inspect all porcelain parts for damage. Check housing for making primary connections and coarse
all lead connections to make sure they are in place and voltage adjustment via the power tap switch.
that terminal connections are tight. Operate the
grounding switch to see that it is in good working
condition.

Fig. 2 Interior view of potential device with panel swung open.

Ground switch "CLOSED" at top rear

2
GEI-95l92G Bushing Potential Device, Type KA-lOB

TAP CONNECTIONS FOR 115V OUTPUT

ADJUSTMENT VOLTS
---+-+-TRANSFORMER EFFECTIVE PRIMARY VOLTS - E2

•
MEDIUM
AUXILIARY 1720 2270 3010 3980 5280 30
CAPACITOR (C3') 1890 2500 3310 4380 5800 32
2050 2720 3610 4770 6330 34
+----t--'---tl-GROUND SWITCH
2230 2950 3910 5170 6850 36
HEATER VOLTS
23 24 25 26 27
P.A. & P.F. CAPACITORS COARSE

c::::====~§§§iF,~~~~~~ADJUSTMENT PANEL HEATER (35W)

TERMINAL BOARD r--~-,,-------,,- TO LI (FOR 120VAC Ll-L2)
TO L3 (FOR 240VAC LI-L3)

36
• Polarity Mark 35-~-e-
L3
34
23 33 L2
HI
32-~~~~~~ L1 VOLTS
C3
Cl 31 C3'
44H940--- 43.0·VTI_T2
30-4C~----~~~J 1849
T2 44H941, C3'
32.5*VTI_T2
942 & 943 1056
26 49 T1
C3' is last three digits of Model
Y3 Number divided by 10 (in uF)

27 Y2
C2
38 OUTPUT
~ '" 39 YI XI-X3
~~ 40--~~~~~~~::~~~-r~
115v
Yl- Y3
X3

- -
I----'----r.~ --'-+----i~=?----~ I
U
!; X2
66.4v
X2-X3
Y2- Y3

Ti2
43
XI
PHASE ANGLE CAPACITORS
44
VA (1l5V! 60Hz) up" uF'
0.05 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 2 4 6 IOIiF 24510204050

1 . - 1 . - 1 . - 1 . - 1 . - 1 . - 1 . - 1 . - 1'- - Jl~J: , T. T. T. T. T. T. T. T. POWER FACTOR

CAPACITORS

Fig. 3 Connection Diagram

Fine and medium tap switches (located on the panel) Use the grounding switch to remove the high-voltage
finish the selection of the over-all ratio. Rated total watt input. The operating handle extends over the front of the
output can be distributed in any combination between panel, so that the panel cannot be opened before closing
the X and Y windings. the ground switch. Pull the handle forward to latch it into
Toggle switches in the phase-angle section are position.
identified by capacitance values and in the power-factor
section by capacitive volt-amperes at 115 volts and 60 CAUTION - WHEN WORKING INSIDE THE
hertz. In 50-hertz applications, these power-factor values HOUSING, USE A STICK AND BRAID TO
must be multiplied by 50/60. PERMANENTLV GROUND THE HIGH-VOLTAGE
A clearly marked terminal board at the bottom of the SECTION.
housing serves to facilitate customer connections.
The protective gap at the HI bushing protects the
CAUTION - Terminals Ll, L2 and L3, as well as the
heater remain energized even when the ground primary circuit from over-voltages greater than twice
switch is "closed." normal (15kV). The proper spacing (S/S-inch or 16 mm) is
set at the factory.
The auxiliary capacitor supplements the tap-to-ground A space heater is provided to keep the compartment
capacitance of the bushing, as required for voltage ratio dry. It requires a separate power supply of 38 watts, 120
and reactance match. Devices for General Electric Type F or 240 volts. The "H" lead of the heater must be
or OF bushings operate without the capacitor. connected to'L1 or L3 as shown on the Connection
Diagram.

3
GEI-95192G Bushing Potential Device, Type KA-I0B

CONSTANT-BURDEN CAPACITY
CONSTANT BURDEN CAPACITY
The potential device output capacity is not limited to MAXIMUM OUTPUT WATTS FOR FIXED BURDENS
NEMA C1 MINTO BUSHING CAPITANCES

•
the rated burden watts listed in NEMA SG 4 Table 3-4.
LINE-TO- TABLE 3-4 ACHIEVE .... C1 pf
When the application permits, substantially higher
GROUND RATED RATED 400 I 475 I 575
burdens can be connected to the unit. In such a case, the VOLTAGE WATTS WATTS .... WATTS ----.
unit will still conform to NEMA Standard SG 4 for Class A 66400 25 375 30 40 50
operation, except the burden regulation may exceed 12 79700 35 375 40 55 75
percent (NEMA SG 4 Section 3.8.4.2). This is of no 93000 45 375 55 75 100
consequence when burdens are constant, or vary only 133000 80 350 100 145 200
slightly. The increased output is termed "constant-
burden capacity". Fig. 5 Constant-burden capacity
The tabulation Fig. 5 shows that the constant-burden
capacity is a function of line voltage and the CONNECTIONS TO BUSHING
capacitances of the high-voltage bushing. For example:
at 79.7 kV, the device output can be raised from 35 watts 1. Remove the plug from the tap chamber of the
rated to 55 watts for bushing capacitance C1 equal or bushing. Save the oil from the chamber for future use.
greaterthan 475pf. Insure that the tap chamber and cable end are free of
contamination.
2. Partially disassemble the cable hardware to permit
1 8 GE Bushing Potential Device visual contact engagement between the cable and the
TYPE KA-IOS
bushing tap. Avoid turning the contacts on each other, to
NO. CAT. 44H94
CJ 60 HERTZ CJ 50 HERTZ prevent chip formation. Tighten securely the two O-ring
c:::::::J/ ,3 LINE TO GROUND KV BURDEN c:::::::J WATTS seals.
SECONDARY VOLTAGE CJ 115/66.4 VOLTS CJ 110/63.5 VOLTS 3. Refill the chamber with the saved or new
CII I pF e21
CLASS A BUSHING I pF
compound. Leave a 1/4-inch (6 mm) air cushion for
"Use with Type A normally grounded bushing taps onl~' ns defined by IEEE 57.19.01
expansion if the compound temperature is 25C. If the
32B44J052P02 WEIGHT 350 Ibs

CAUTION! BEFORE INSTALLING OR OPERATING RFAD Ii'lSTRUCTIONGEI· 95192

compound is heated to 1300C, omit the air cushion. The
I MADE IN U.S.A. latter method is preferable for inclined tap chambers.
4. To bolt the cable to either wall of the cabinet. open
the knockout and install the gasket, which is stored in the
Fig. 4 Typical nameplate
housing.
INSTALLATION

CAUTION - THE HIGH-VOLTAGE BUSHING MUST BE DE-

ENERGIZED BEFORE CONNECTING THE POTENTIAL
DEVICE. -12
UNF2A

Installation dimensions are shown in Fig. 7.

Note: The cable is ordered separate from the potential /0.310 MIN
1.00 MIN
device .. See GEI-79087 for cable connection instructions.

Bushing Voltage Tap configurations vary between

+
manufacturers. GE Bushing Potential Device Cables at
0.125 t 0.290
0.375 -D.750
the bushing end conform to IEEE C57.19.01 Type A: GASKET
Normally Grounded (See Fig 6). With proper cable SURFACE

adapters (provided by others) the GE Potential Device can

be operated with bushing with other tap configurations.
GE Potential Devices require 3 to 7.5 kV at the input
terminals; the bushing must be able to operate with this Fig. 6 Bushing Voltage Tap
voltage-to-ground at the Voltage Tap. lEEE C57.19.01 Type A: Normally Grounded

4
GEI-95192G Bushing Potential Device, Type KA-I08

r - - - - - - 27.BO (CMO LIFT l U C S J - - - - - - ,

2J.9' (0'£. eMR)

~u~.B~~:~t=HW=s=~~)~~~===ff1 12----- 15.00 - - - - - j - - J.7,O

r==J= I r"2t" 21
,
f.JO

I, 9.90

JO.JO r--I.
'-----lH~,
I,
J~------: J."
1.1S

Paint light gray

Panel Door Swing Radius 20.50 to EPS 90.001
(AT LOST 4.72 mils)
K£),:

I. HIGH VOLTAGE GABL[ CONNECTION ENTRANCE 6. LIFTING WG HIGH VOLT CABLE CONNECTION
(KNOCK OUT FOR 2.00 INCH I.P.S.) 7. CONTROL PANEL MUST BE ORDmm SEPARATELY
CABLE MAY BE INSTALL£D ON EITHER SIDE. 8. KNOCK OUT FOR 0.750 INCH 1.P.s. IN BASE BUSHING VOLTAGE TAP CONNECTOR
2. MOUNTING BRACKET 9. TERMINAL BOARD IS I[E[ C57.1IWI (1991) TYP£ A
3. GROUND STUD (0.375-16 X 0.750 LONG) 10. BREATHER IN BASE NOT WEIGHT: 350 LB
4. NAMEPLATE 11. GROUND SWITCH L£VER SHIP W£IGHT: 400 LB
5. DOOR 12. DOOR LATCH

Fig. 7 Outline of bushing potential device

5. Connect the cable terminal to the HI stud at the

left, or to the bus support insulator stud at the right. The PRINCIPLE OF ADJUSTMENT
lead should clear any grounded components by two
inches (51-mml. Check the protective gap for a 3/8-inch The potential device is correctly adjusted when (a)
(16-mm) spacing. rated secondary voltage is obtained with rated circuit
voltage on the high-voltage line.
LOW-VOLTAGE CONNECTIONS The phase angle is correctly adjusted when (b) the
secondary voltage is in phase with the high-voltage line-
1. Use knockout conduit openings at the bottom of to-ground potential.
the device. To set adjustment (0), voltage taps are provided in the
2. Connect separate heater power to Ll, L2 or L3 as main transformer and adjustment transformer windings.
shown on the Connection Diagram. Proper tap connections are selected from the voltage
3. Connect the housing ground stud to ground. table on the Connection Diagram attached to the
4. Connect the burden to the desired output windings cabinet door (or Fig. 3). This table relates effective
by consulting the Connection Diagram. primary voltage (E2) and tap connections to obtain rated
burden voltage at the secondary terminals. Voltage (E2)
With regular polyphase connections using three represents the "in-phase" component, not the total, of
devices (one device connected to each phase of the the device primary Voltage. E2 varies with the
line), the secondary windings are connected in "WYE" to capacitance ratio of the condenser bushing and with the
supply rated values of potential, either burden.
phase-to-phase or phase-to-neutral. Normal rated Adjustment (b) is accomplished by canceling the
values of 115 and 66.4 volts are available in phase with capacitive reactance of the bushing with an equal
the line-to-ground voltage of the system. Also, 115 and amount of inductive reactance in the potential device.
199 volts are available in phase with the line-to-line This is called tuning the device to the bushing. Hereby
voltage of the system. the burden is assumed to have unity power factor. The
With the above polyphase connections, residual inductance of the device is controlled by a variable
voltage can be obtained for ground indication and capacitor (phase angle capacitor) that is energized from
directional ground relay operation by connecting the the coupling coil of the main transformer. An increase in
tertiary windings in broken delta. This will not interfere phase angle capacitance will raise the inductive
with the connections of the main secondary windings, reactance. To phase in a leading burden voltage,
but the broken-delta burden must be considered when increase the capacitance. To phase in a lagging burden
determining the total load on the devices. voltage, decrease the capacitance.

5
GEI-95l92G Bushing Potential Device, Type KA-lOa

Best operating conditions are usually obtained when also

the total burden connected to the potential device has

VAX~
unity power-factor or is somewhat leading. Lagging
1 _ (%PFi Reactive Volt-Amperes
power-factor burdens cause the primary voltage of the
(100)2
main transformer to be increased above normal. A
power-factor capacitor is provided to correct lagging and
burdens back to unity power-factor so that the above
condition does not exist.
VA x %PF = Watts
100
ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE
If the reactive volt-ampere component is inductive
All switches and top connections for making ratio, (lagging) as usual, select power-factor capacitors for an
phase angle and burden power-factor adjustments are equivalent value of capacitive volt-amperes plus seven
located on the panel (except Volts Coarse is on the cover capacitive volt-amperes extra.
of the stepdown transformerl. In cases where the reactive volt-ampere component of
It is recommended that the potential device grounding the burden is already capacitive (leading), select power-
switch be closed when making or changing tap factor capacitors as required, so that the total leading
connections and adjustments. The output terminals value will be seven volt-amperes.
should not be short-circuited since the protective gap
will arc over continuously and subject the primary circuit II. When it is impractical to make actual
to abnormally high-voltage stresses. measurements, as described above, an approximate
The following procedure may be employed for adjustment of the burden power-factor can be made as
adjusting the potential device to operate a given load follows:
from a given bushing. Obtain rated burden of instruments being used from
catalogs, handbooks or data sheets that apply. These
values are usually given in terms of volt-amperes and
BURDEN POWER-FACTOR ADJUSTMENT power-factor and may be segregated into watt and
reactive volt-ampere components as shown above.
Note-Non-linear burden impedance must be avoided Add up the watt and reactive volt-ampere components
since the characteristics of the device may be affected. of all instruments connected to the device and apply
Iron core relays should be operated at less than half the power-factor correction in the same manner as above.
saturation density, to insure linear impedance.
Refer to the Connection Diagram and connect the III. Place an ammeter with a 1- or 2-amp scale
power-factor capacitor in parallel with the instrument between Xl (or X2) and the burden. Remove the "F" lead
burden. Note that the capacitors can be connected to and connect it to the burden side of the ammeter. Read
X1-X3, X2-X3, Y1-Y3, or Y2-Y3. the voltage across X1-X3. Now adjust the power-factor
When part of the burden is connected "WYE" (phase to capacitors until the burden impedance (Volts/Amps)
neutral) and part "DELTA" (phase to phase), connect the becomes a maximum. Add about 7 VA additional
power-factor capacitor so that it is in parallel with the correction.
part of the burden containing the major inductance. For It may be necessary to readjust slightly the ratio and
"DELTA" burdens, lead "F" can be joined to an outgoing phase angle of the device if the power-factor capacitor
conduit wire by using a blank section on the terminal settings are changed from those originally determined.
board.
The burden power-factor can be corrected to unity by
RATIO AND PHASE ANGLE ADJUSTMENT
any of three methods. The third method is more
accurate because it matches the actual capacitances of
The device should be connected to its particular
the power-factor capacitor to the actual inductance
bushing and burden, which was corrected to a slightly
values of the burden. The first two methods rely only on
leading power factor.
nominal values.
This section assumes that a reference voltage as a
standard of comparison for the potential device voltage
I. If a suitable power source and meters are available,
is available. If not, adjustments may be made as
the total instrument load can be accurately measured
described under "Adjustment By Calculation." Accuracy
and segregated into its watt and reactive volt-ampere
components by the following formulas: of adjustment depends on the reliability of a reference
voltage being in-phase with, and in a known ratio to, the
bushing line-to-ground potential. Since ratio and phase
Reactive Volt-Amperes angle adjustments affect each other, make both
alternately.

6
GEI-95192G Bushing Potential Device, Type KA-I08

The reference voltage may be produced by: The switch positions will have to be varied as alternate
1. Another potential device. phase angle and ratio adjustments are made, however
2. Potential transformer. the coarse tap position does not ordinarily require a
3. Low-voltage winding of a step-up transformer. change.
4. Network energized by (3). with components to A high degree of accuracy is obtained when a ratio
simulate impedance voltage drops from the and phase angle test set is available to balance the
transformer low-voltage winding to location of burden voltage against a reference
potential device. If a phase-angle meter is not available, a voltmeter can
The reference voltage may be compared to the be used. See Fig. 9. Connect potential device terminal X3
to the grounded side of the reference Voltage. Connect a
potential device voltage by use of:
voltmeter (VM-2) between Xl and the reference Voltage.
(a) High impedance voltmeters (Vacuum tube VM,
As the phase angle reduces to zero, this difference
Flux VM, etc.). voltage becomes a minimum. Voltmeters with
(b) Phase-angle meter. progressively smaller voltage ranges should be used in
(c) Ratio and phase-angle test set. order to permit a minimum reading of approximately 1-
(d) Oscilloscope. volt.

A reference voltage source and means to compare the

reference voltage with the potential device output is (Xl)
POTENTIAL REFERENCE
combined in one set of equipment in the Reference DEVICE VOLTAGE
Potential Set of the Doble Engineering Company.
(X3)
Selecting a combination of winding taps that will '-------'

equalize the output and reference voltages makes ratio Fig. 9 Adjustment connections using voltmeter
adjustments. The rotorary tap switch (on top of the VM-1 for ratio and voltmeter VM-2 for phase-angle.
stepdown transformer) serves as the coarse voltage
adjustment from the step-down transformer. Oscilloscopes also facilitate accurate calibrations. If
Manipulating the "medium" and "fine" tap switches one voltage deflects the vertical sweep and the other the
!located on the adjustment panel) can further refine the horizontal sweep, the scope serves for phasing-in
mainly, although it cannot distinguish between zero and
ratio adjustment.
180 degrees phase angle. (Connections shown in Fig. 10).
NOTE-When changing the coarse tap adjustment.
The beam will describe an ellipse. As the ellipse reduces
close the ground switch and open the panel. to a single line, both voltages assume equal or opposite
phase. The opposite phase possibility is eliminated by
TAP CONNECTIONS FOR 115 V OUTPUT ascertaining that the difference voltage between
; references and burden voltage is zero. The correct ratio
a.. RATIO
<I: EFFECTIVE PRIMARY VOLTS - E2 MEDIUM is obtained with the aid of a high impedance voltmeter
I-
z 1720 2270 3010 3980 5280 30 across the burden.
0
w 1890 2500 3310 4380 5800 32
z OSCILLOCOPE
u:, 2050 2720 3610 4770 6330 34
0 3910 5170 6850 36 VERT HORIZ
2230 2950
i=
<I:
0:: 25 26 27 RATIO
23 24 COARSE (Xl
POTENTIAL REFERENCE
DEVICE VOLTAGE
Fig. 8 Table for selecting preliminary tap settings
' - -_ _ _- ' (X3)

Preliminary positions of the "coarse" and "medium"

switch are determined from the tabulation on the Fig. 10 Adjustment connections using a voltmeter for
Connection Diagram (also Fig 8). Calculate voltage E2 ratio and the for oscilloscope phase-angle
(refer to "Adjustment By Calculation")' Enter table at
nearest E2 and select the corresponding tap for "coarse" The oscilloscope can be connected to serve as a ratio
and "medium" ratios. Example: When E2 equals 2500 and a phase-angle detector, thus eliminating a separate
volts, use ratio coarse tap No. 24 and ratio medium tap voltmeter. See Fig. 11. The burden voltage deflects the
No. 32 as a preliminary adjustment. vertical sweep while the difference voltage (burden
The phase angle is adjusted to equal that of the minus reference) is impressed on the horizontal sweep.
reference by connecting a phase-angle meter between As zero phase angle is approached, the initial ellipse will
the potential device output and the reference voltage. reduce to a single inclined line. This indicates equal
Manipulation of the phase-angle capacitance control is phase. The inclined line will assume vertical direction, as
described under "Principle of Adjustment." the ratio tends to equal the reference ratio.

7
GEI-95l92G Bushing Potential Device, Type KA-lOS

In both cases, the final single trace may show ripples For example, assume model 44H940C120
which result from a difference in harmonics of the two
compared voltages. C3' = 120/ 10 = 1211f
C3 = 1211f / 1849 = 6490 pf
OSCILLOCOPE

VERT HORIZ Enter the table on the Connection Diagram (or Fig. 8) at
a value nearest to E2. Select corresponding positions of

POTENTIAL
DEVICE
(Xl.l.

"¢
1 ... REFERENCE
VOLTAGE
the "coarse" and "medium" ratio taps.

BURDEN II. Phase Angle

(X3)
"*"
Determine the capacitive impedance of bushing and
Fig. 11 Adjustment connections using the oscilloscope auxiliary capacitor from:
for ratio and phase-angle adjustments
10 12
Xc = 0) (C1 + C2+ C3)
ohms
Adjustment by Calculation

This method yields fairly accurate adjustments, if the Where 0) = 377 for frequency of 60 hertz,
potential device secondary voltage cannot be compared
easily with a known value. and Cl, C2, and C3 as previously defined.

The required potential device inductive impedance is

then
Determine E2 from: E2 EIC1 XL= Xc ohms
K (C1+C2+C3)
where Since XL is adjusted by varying the phase-angle
capacitance, determine the amount of phase-angle
El = Line-to-Ground volts of bushing capacitance from one of the impedance scales shown in
Fig. 12. Select the applicable impedance nomograph by
K=1+0.lx WB referring to the catalog number on the device
WR nameplate.

WB - Burdens watts
Refinement of Settings
The burden has been corrected to a slightly leading
WR - Rated watts from Fig. 5
power factor as described under "Burden Power Factor
Adjustment." Do not alter these settings. Place a high
C1 = Capacitance (pfl from conductor to
resistance voltmeter across the terminals to which the
capacitance tap. Obtain from bushing
burden is connected. The potential device ground switch
nameplate.
should be closed when changing ratio and phase-angle
settings. A record of voltmeter readings, ratio and
C2 Capacitance (pfl from tap to ground.
phase-angle settings kept during adjustment will be of
Obtain from bushing nameplate. If Cz is
value in arriving at the final settings.
given, C2 = Cz - C1
Proceed as follows:
C3 = Auxiliary capacitance.
Change the phase-angle switches by small positive or
For models with "G" or "A" in 7th place, obtain C3 from negative increments (0.4 to 1.0 pF) to find a resonant
label on capacitor connected to main transformer peak in the output Voltage. Use smaller steps (0.1 pF)
primary. near the peak. Now adjust the ratio settings by small
steps (Volts Fine Taps) to reach the desired voltage level,
For models with "B" or "C" in 7th place, the three digits such as 115v. For each ratio step, search again for the
following the "B" or "c" in model number divided by 10, is resonant peak with fine steps in the phase-angle
C3' in llf. See Fig. 3 Connection Diagram. capacitance. The actual capacitances will vary slightly
from the switch markings. Also, the ratio controls will
C3 = C3' / 1849 - 44H940 series affect phase angle and conversely the phase angle
C3' / 1056 - 44H941, 2, 3 series affects the ratio.
The final settings are likely to differ somewhat from
those determined by calculation.

8
GEI-95l92G Bushing Potential Device, Type KA-lOB

Capacitive Reactance - kn

L() 0 0 0 0 0 0
t- o L() 0 0 0 0
Catalog
T""" N N ('I') '¢" L() co
I I, , II , I, II , , I ' ,I 'I ,I ,I ' 1,1 I Series
441-1940
0 5 10 15 20 25

0 0 0 0 0 0 L()
L() 0 0 N '¢" co eo 0 N
eo 0> T""" T""" T""" T""" T""" N N Catalog
I ,
I' ,I ' I I, , I, , I I , I ' I, II I, I, , I, Series
0 5 10 15 20 25 441-1941

L() 0 L() 0 L() 0 L()

0 0 0
t- t- eo eo 0> 0> T""" T""" Catalog
I, , I, ,I , I, ,I ' I ' I, II Series
I' 'I 441-1942
0 5 10 15 20 25

Phase Angle Capacitance - IlF

Fig. 12 Reactance ohms vs. phase angle capacitance

Field Adjustment By Nomograph EXAMPLE:

The nomograph (see APPENDIX) presents a simplified For the example shown in APPENDIX A for a 230kV
method of finding the switch settings; thus replacing the system: C1 = 350pf, C2 = 7950pf, 20ft cable = 980pf, and
calculations given in the foregoing section. This is for model 44H940C120, C3 = 6490pf (see "Adjustment by
valuable not only in actual field calibration, but also Calculation" to determine C3 from model number); thus
when considering moving the device to another bushing, Total Capacitance is 9350pf. From "Phase Angle
or even to a different circuit voltage. Capacitance" Scale, phase angle capacitance is
In applying the graph, determine capacitances C1, C2, determined to be 13 Ilf. Ratio tap positions become 27
C3 as descried in section "Adjustment By Calculation." and 30. Refer back to "Refinement of Setings" to finish
calibration.
HOW TO USE NOMOGRAPHS:
RENEWAL PARTS
Select appropriate nonograph by matching the first 6
digits of the model number with the graph.
Place orders for renewal parts with the nearest
Plot the sum C1 + C2 + C3 + cable capacitance on "Total
General Electric Sales Office. Specify the quantity
Capacitance" Scale, the required phase angle
capacitance is read from the "Phase Angle Capacitance" required and give the catalog or part numbers of the
Scale. Ratio settings are found by drawing a line from required parts. If these numbers are not obtainable,
the above-mentioned sum, through C1 on "C!" Scale to describe the parts in detail. Always give the serial
intersect the "Reference" line. Then from this point on number and the complete nameplate rating of the
the reference line through the "Iine-to-line voltage" Scale equipment.
to the "Coarse and Medium Taps" Scale from which Volts
Coarse and Volts Medium tap positions can be
determined .

•04-05
GtE Parts Super Center
GEI-95192G
Supersedes GEI-95192F

9
GEI-95192G Bushing Potential Device, Type KA-IOB

APPENDIX A

RATIO & PHASE ANGLE

NOMOGRAPH
(44H940 SERIES)

COARSE rt> '<t 00 to r-

N N N N N
TAP

a a a a
MEDIUM
TAP
(")
;;; N
M
(")
(")
"'7 '"M M ;;; N
(")
(")
(")
" '7'"
(")
'7
;;; N'7 '7 "
(")
'"
'7 '7 M ;;; N
'7
(")
(")
N

'"
M
M
"
M '" <D
(") (")

a a a a a a a a a a
a a a a a a a a
a a a
E2 (volts)
r-.
N '"
N (")
L{)
(")

" "'"
co '" CD
co co

LI NE-TO-li NE
VOLTAGE (kV) CD a a
'"
;::: (") a a
" '"

REFERENCE LI NE

:5 g g g g g
I"- <0 L!) ...r ("') N
Cl (pF) -V +H-++++I+j-f-iI-+I++-I--t1I+-H--+-+-H---+--+

TOTAL CAPACITANCE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(Cl + C2 + C3) - pF 0 0 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 a 0
<D
'" ;! (") N ;::: a a
OJ
a
CD
a
r-.
a
<D
a a
'" "
~ a 0 a ~ a
PHASE ANGLE a .0 c:i L{) a
CAPACITANCE - uF N
'"
N

10
 GI
m
T
1.0
0
»"0 ....
-0
VI
.....
»"OJ: ~~ m 0
1.0
N
Oen +r
=im '"< ~ ~g GI
»> ~~ 0 "0 "O~
Zz 01
0",
+"0 :g m c:
mr
~m -n~ ~ en
:r.
".=.
....
.»
" "'z
"0
::l
(Q
m 1700 30 ."
0.0" 31000 1000 0
31 r+
/D
30000 900 32 ::l
r+
29000
800
115
2000
33 23 e:
34 0
/D
28000 <
138 35 n·
27000 700 .!D
5.0-E 30 --I
161 Ie:
26000 31 "C
600 /D
2500 32
25000
24 "»

r
33 .....
0
I

24000 + 500

23000
230
35
:;0
l> >
I-d
ClO

~ :::! I-d
10.0~ 3000 30 .... zO
1400 J:OI/O ~
22000 31 ~s:"'Il ~
32 ..... OJ: ~
21000 T + 345 25 enG'll>
m::oen .....
3500
33
:;o»m ~
20000
34 -"'Ill> ~
1300 35 mJ: Z
~
G'l
r
19000 4000 30 m
15.0-t
18000 t Lo 31
32
4500 33 26
17000 +200 34
5000 35
<r
0-
rZ
16000 .... m 30
>-'i
"'0 5500 31
!!!t
;n
m
"'Z
.:5m
32
15000 27
"
m 6000 33
20.0+ illZ 34
n
m 650 35
14000 r
Z 680 36
m

13000
I
22.5

....
....
.