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TCE1101201101 Material and Containment

The document is an examination paper for the National University of Science and Technology's Department of Chemical Engineering, covering material and containment topics. It includes instructions for candidates and five main questions, each with sub-questions addressing various aspects of engineering materials, testing procedures, metal solidification, and steel making. The exam assesses knowledge on material properties, processes, and calculations relevant to chemical engineering.

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Patrina Phiri
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13 views2 pages

TCE1101201101 Material and Containment

The document is an examination paper for the National University of Science and Technology's Department of Chemical Engineering, covering material and containment topics. It includes instructions for candidates and five main questions, each with sub-questions addressing various aspects of engineering materials, testing procedures, metal solidification, and steel making. The exam assesses knowledge on material properties, processes, and calculations relevant to chemical engineering.

Uploaded by

Patrina Phiri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY


DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Part One Examination January 2011

TCE 1101 Material and Containment

Duration of Examination: 3 Hours

Instructions to Candidates
1. Answer question ONE and any other THREE questions
2. Each question carries 25 marks
3. Show all steps clearly in any calculation
4. Start the answers for each question on a fresh page

Question 1

(a)Show through a schematic representation the broad classes under which engineering materials
fall giving specific examples under each class. (4 marks)

(b) Outline the standard procedure for testing the tensile strength of a material. Support your
explanation with relevant diagrams. (4 marks)

(c) Define strain and explain the two variations of strain. (2 marks)

(d) Define ductility and arrange the following metals in order of increasing ductility. Au, Cu,
Zn, Pt, Al. (3marks)

(e) Outline in detail the difference between proof stress and proof factor of safety.(8 marks)

(f) Explain the processes of crushing and grinding clearly showing the differences between the
two and why the processes are important in metal extraction. (4marks)

Question 2

a) State and briefly explain the properties to consider when conducting material selection.
(5 marks)

b) State the four main forms in which iron ore is found giving the molecular formula of each
form. (5 marks)

c) Give a detailed analysis of the blast furnace justifying its shape and giving all the equations
that take place in the different zones that exist in the furnace. (15 marks)
1
Question 3

a) State the two classes of nucleation found in metal solidification. (2 marks)

b) Show that the critical radius (r*) in homogeneous nucleation is given by

r* = 2γTm/ΔHs ΔT

show all steps of the derivation clearly. (10 marks)

c) How do the values of r* and r relate to each other with regards to stability? (3 marks)

d) Steel making can be carried out in the Linz Dunawitz furnace. Draw a detailed diagram of
this furnace explaining the process and give the corresponding steel making reactions.
(10 marks)

Question 4

a) AISI classifies steels into four categories. State the four categories and briefly explain one
category of your choice? (5 marks)

b) Draw and analyse the Fe-C phase diagram. Label and indicate all the equilibrium lines and all
the invariant points explaining the reactions or the phases that are interacting in each case. Show
all the stable phases in each zone. (10 marks)

c) Give a detailed analysis of point defects explaining the three main types of point defects and
how they occur. (10 marks)

Question 5

a) Calculate the critical radius of the homogeneous nucleus that occurs when pure liquid copper
solidifies. Assume that ΔT = 0.2Tmp. The freezing temperature of copper is 1083°C, latent heat
of solidification = 1826T/cm3, interfacial energy = 177×10-7 J/cm2 and ΔTmax =236°C
(10 marks)

b) State the Fick’s 2nd law and give its areas of application. (4 marks)

c) Briefly explain what an alloy and an alloy system are. (2 marks)

d) Draw the four cooling curves for a binary alloy and explain each curve. (9 marks)

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