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HTML Chapter 7

Chapter 7 provides an introduction to HTML, covering its definition, major components, and structure. It explains the roles of tags, attributes, and elements, differentiating between container and empty elements, and outlines the steps to create an HTML document using Notepad. The chapter also discusses the advantages of HTML, types of HTML editors, and includes practical exercises and questions for further understanding.

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12 views

HTML Chapter 7

Chapter 7 provides an introduction to HTML, covering its definition, major components, and structure. It explains the roles of tags, attributes, and elements, differentiating between container and empty elements, and outlines the steps to create an HTML document using Notepad. The chapter also discusses the advantages of HTML, types of HTML editors, and includes practical exercises and questions for further understanding.

Uploaded by

sudhansu sekhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Chapter 7 : Introduction to HTML


____
A. Fill in the blanks :
1. HTML stands for ………………….. ( Hypertext Markup Language.)
2. Every HTML document comprises four major elements: …………..,…………,…………..,
……… (<HTML>, <HEAD>, <TITLE> and
<BODY>.)
3. ………………. provide additional information about a tag such as alignment, font
colour, size of the text , etc. (Attributes)
4. An HMTL document should always be saved with the……………. ( .html or .htm
extension.)
5. There are two types of HTML editors, namely, ……………. , …………… (WYSIWYG and
Text Editor)
B. State True or False :
1. Tags are used to define the structure of an HTML document. TRUE
2. The HEAD element specifies the main content of an HTML document.
FALSE
3. Container tag has only opened tag and its attribute. FALSE
4. Attributes are defined in a tag after the tag name. TRUE
5. The tag <BODY> is placed immediately after the closing tag </HEAD>.
TRUE

C. Answer the Questions :


1. Discuss the two major compinents of HTML. Write any two advantages of
HTML.
Ans: Hypertext Markup Language comprises two major components, namely,
hypertext and markup. Hypertext is the text that enables to organise information
by connecting different pieces of information together. Markup is the special
code that specifies to the web browser how parts of the document are to be
processed.
Some advantages of HTML are as follows:
(i) It is used with all the browsers.
(ii) It does not require prior knowledge of any programming language.

2.What do you understand by the term ‘element’ with reference to HTML ?


Ans: An element is a fundamental component to create a web page. It indicates
how a browser should display the information in the web page. An element
generally comprises a starting tag (an its attributes)<B>, the content and an
ending tag </B>.
3. Differentiate between container and empty element.
Ans:
Elements can be classified into two types, namely, container elements and empty
elements.
Container elements: It has a starting and an ending tag. E.g., to make a certain
section of the text bold, the text is enclosed between the opening tag <B> and
the ending tag </B>.
Empty elements: It has only the opening tag and its attributes. Empty elements
perform their specific functions without affecting the rest of the document. E.g.,
the horizontal rule tag <HR> can be used directly and does not require any ending
tag.

4. Write the steps to create an HTML document using Notepad.


Ans:
To create an HTML document using Notepad, follow these steps:
Step 1: Click the START button and then click ALL PROGRAMS.
Step 2 : Click ACCESSORIES and then click NOTEPAD. The NOTEPAD window
appears.
Step 3: Type the HTML code.
Step 4 : To save the document, click the FILE menu and then click SAVE AS. The
SAVE
AS dialog box appears.
Step 5 : Specify the location where the document to be saved from the left pane
of the dialog box, specify the name of the document in the FILE name text box
along with the .hmtl extension, and then click SAVE button.
5 . Explain the terms ‘tag’, ‘attribute’ and ‘element’.
Ans: TAGS: They are used to describe how a web page should be displayed. They
deter mine the major structural components in a document such as headings,
paragraphs, horizontal lines, etc.
ATTRIBUTES: They provide additional information about a tag such as alignment,
font colour, size of the text, etc. Attributes are defined in a tag after the tag
name. Each attribute has a name and a value. The value of the attribute is
specified after the name of the attribute and the equal to ‘=’ sign.
ELEMENTS: It is a fundamental component to create a web page. It indicates how
a browser should display the information in the web page. An element generally
comprises a starting tag (and its attributes) <B>, the content and an ending tag
</B>.
6 . Write a short note on HTML editors.
Ans: An HTML editor is a software application that facilatates the creation of
HTML documents. There are two types of HMTL editors, namely, WYSIWYG and
Text Editor.
(a) WYSIWYG EDITOR:
It stands for What You See Is What You Get editor. It has an in-built interface
that allowed quickly design as well as preview the web pages. The main
advantage of WYSIWYG editor is that there is no need to have knowledge of
HTML tags - they are automatically generated. Few WYSIWYG editors existing
in the market are Microsoft Front Page, Front Page Express, Microsoft
Expression and Adobe Dream Weaver.
( b) TEXT EDITOR:
It allowed to manipulate the HTML tags directly. To use text editor we need to
have knowledge of HTML tags. These editors do not generate any HTML codes.
Few examples of text editors are Notepad and WordPad.
Page - 2

PRACTICAL EXCERCISE :
1. Create an HTML document on “SAVE ENVIRONMENT - SAVE EARTH”.
Save the file with .html or .htm extension and analyse it in the web browser.
Ans: <HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> SAVE ENVIRONMENT - SAVE EARTH </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
Going green is easier than you think. There are little things you can do every day to help
reduce greenhouse gases and make a less harmful impact on the environment. Taking
care of the Earth is not just a responsibility -- it’s a privilege. You may not be able to
reduce global warming, end pollution and save endangered species single-handed, but
by choosing to live an earth-friendly lifestyle you can do a lot every day to help achieve
those goal.
And by making wise choices about how you live, and the amount of energy and natural
resources you consume, you send a clear message to business, politicians and government
agencies that value you as a customer, constituent and citizen.
</BODY>
</HTML>
EXTRA QUESTIONS
Q1. What are the two major parts of an HTML ?
Ans: The two major parts of an HTML are:
(i) Hypertext, and (ii) Markup
Q2. Write the advantages of HTML.
Ans: # It is used with all the browsers.
# It does not require prior knowledge of any programming language.
# It does not require any additional software to execute any code.
Q3. Define a tag in HTML document.
Ans: The instruction given in HTML in the form of text characters can be defined as
a tag.
Q4. What do you unserstand while writing a tag ?
Ans: When we write a tag in HTML document it should not include extra spaces between
any characters (tag name).
Q5. What are three physical text style ?
Ans: The three physical text styles are B (Bold), I (Italic) and U (Underline).
Q6. What are the two distinct parts of an HTML document ?
Ans: An HTML document has two distinct part - a heand and a body.
Q7. What does URL stand for ?
Ans: It stands for Uniform/Universal Resource Locator.
Q8. In what file format are HTML pages saved ?
Ans: In ASCII text file format all the HTML pages are saved.
Q9. What file extension should be used for an HTML document ?
Ans: .html ot .htm
Q10. What are the three basic document tags ?
Ans: The three basic document tags are:
(i) <HEAD> (ii) <TITLE> (iii) <BODY>
Q11. Write the importance of HTML.
Ans: 1. HTML can be used to display any type of document on the host computer
which can be on any computer (anywhere in the world).
2. It is a versatile language and can be used on any platform (Macintosh,
Unix, Window, etc.)
3. HTML is used to make the text look attractive.
4. It has the additional feature of linking one document with another.
Q12. Write the steps to start Notepad.
Ans: To start Notepad, select
Start - All Programs - Accesories - Notepad
The Notepad window will appear.
Type the HTML document.
Q13. Write the steps to save the HTML document.
Ans: To save the document, click File - Save.
The Save As dialog box will appear.
Give the Filename as Example.htm and click Save button.
Q14. Fill in the blanks:
(a) HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language.
(b) An HTML document has two distinct parts: head and body.
(c) In HTML document, the tags that have both an opening tag and a closing tag are
called container elements.
(d) <HR> is an empty element.
(e) <HTML> tag identifies the document as an HTML document.
(f) The <TITLE> element is the only element that is required in the head of a document.
(g) The <HR> element draws a horizontal line across the page.
Q15. Define the following terms used in HTML with one example each:
(a) Tag (b) Attribute
Ans: (a) Tag : The instruction given in HTML in the form of text characters.
e.g. < B > Here, left and right angle bracket are the tags.
(b) Attribute : Attributes provudie additional information about a tag such as
alignment, font colour, size of the text,
etc.
e.g. <FONT ALIGN=”CENTRE” SIZE=”10” >
Here, ALIGN and SIZE are the attributes

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