NEP- BCA Sixth Semester LAB- (CA-C29L)

(NEP Scheme) 2023-2024

Machine Learning Lab Program 1.

1.Install and set up Python and
essential libraries like NumPy
and pandas.
CA-C29L: Machine Learning BCA VI
Lab Sem

Lab Program 1: Install and set up Python and essential libraries like

NumPy and pandas.

Installation of Python

Step 1: Search for Python

Type “Python download” in the Google search bar and press Enter key. In
the list of links shown, select the very link or click on the official website
link: https://www.python.org/downloads/

Step 2: Select Version to Install Python

Choose the correct link for your device from the options provided: either
Windows installer (64-bit) or Windows installer (32-bit) and proceed to
download the executable file.

Step 3: Downloading the Python Installer

Once you have downloaded the installer, open the .exe file, such as
python-3.11.5- amd64.exe, by double-clicking it to launch the Python installer.
Choose the option to install the launcher for all users by checking the
corresponding checkbox, so that all users of the computer can access the Python
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launcher application. Enable users to run Python from the

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command line by checking the Add python.exe to PATH checkbox. After Clicking the
Install Now Button the setup will start installing Python on your Windows
system.

Step 4: Verify the Python Installation in Windows

After successful installation of Python, close the installation window. You can check
if the installation of Python was successful by using either the command line
or the Integrated Development Environment (IDLE), which you may have
installed. To access the command line, click on the Start menu and type “cmd” in
the search bar.

Then click on Command Prompt, type the command “python –V” or “python –
version”.
You can see installed version of Python on your system.

Go to Python Integrated Development Environment (IDLE). In Windows search bar,

type IDLE and you can see “IDLE (Python 3.11.64- bit)”. Open IDLE on the IDLE
screen itself you can see version. This gives the conformation of successful
installation of python.

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Installation of essential packages Numpy and Pandas.

a) Install numpy package.

NumPy is an open-source Python library that facilitates efficient numerical

operations on large quantities of data. There are a few functions that exist in
NumPy that we use on pandas DataFrames. The most important part about NumPy
is that pandas is built on top of it which means Numpy is required for operating
the Pandas.

It is defined as a Python package used for performing the various numerical

computations and processing of the multidimensional and single-
dimensional array elements. The calculations using Numpy arrays are faster
than the normal Python array. It is also capable of handling a vast amount of data
and convenient with Matrix multiplication and data reshaping. Steps to install
Numpy is,

Step 1: Open command prompt,

CMD. Step 2: Type the

command, C:\Users\DELL> pip

install numpy

C:\Users\DELL> pip install - -upgrade pip

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Step 4: On the successful installation, you can type following two commands at
command
prompt. If python prompt “>>>” appears then package is successfully installed.

1. C:\Users\DELL>python
2. >>>import numpy

b) Install pandas package.

Pandas is a very popular library for working with data (its goal is to be the most
powerful and flexible open-source tool, and in our opinion, it has reached that
goal). Data Frames are at the center of pandas. A DataFrame is structured like a
table or spreadsheet. The rows and the columns both have indexes, and you can
perform operations on rows or columns separately. It can perform five significant
steps required for processing and analysis of data irrespective of the origin of the
data, i.e., load, manipulate, prepare, model, and analyze. Steps to install pandas
is,

Step 1: Open command prompt,

CMD. Step 2: Type the

command, C:\Users\DELL> pip

install pandas

C:\Users\DELL> pip install --upgrade pip

Step 4: On the successful installation, you can type following two

commands at command prompt. If python prompt “>>>” appears then package
is successfully installed.

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1. C:\Users\DELL>python
2. >>>import pandas

Write a python program to show the installed library versions to

provide conformation of successful installing.

import numpy
import pandas
print("numpy library version is: ")
print(numpy. version ) #please type two underscore symbols.
print("numpy library is successfully installed")
print(" ")

print("pandas library version is: ")

print(pandas. version )
print("pandas library is successfully installed")

Program Output:

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 NEP- BCA Sixth Semester LAB- (CA-C29L)
(NEP Scheme) 2023-2024

Machine Learning Lab Program 2.

2. Introduce scikit-learn as a machine

learning library.
CA-C29L: Machine Learning BCA VI
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Lab Program 2: Introduce scikit-learn as a machine learning library.

Scikit-learn (Sklearn) Library:

Scikit-learn (Sklearn) is the most useful and robust library or tool for data
analysis and statistical modeling in Python. It provides a wide range of
efficient tools such as classification, regression, and clustering and
dimensionality reduction via a consistence interface in Python. This library,
which is largely written in Python, is built upon means requires, NumPy,
Pandas, SciPy and Matplotlib libraries. Before installing scikit-learn, ensure
that you have NumPy and SciPy installed. The latest version of Scikit-learn
is 1.1 and it requires Python 3.8 or newer version of pythonX. Features of
Scikit-learn

• Simple and efficient tools for data mining and data analysis. It
features various classification, regression, and clustering algorithms
including support vector machines, random forests, gradient boosting, k-
means, etc.
• Accessible to everybody and reusable in various contexts.
• Built on the top of NumPy, Pandas, SciPy, and matplotlib (or seaborn).
Hence they are the essential libraries and tools required for Scikit-learn
Library.

Essential Libraries with Scikit-learn:

NumPy Library:

NumPy is an open-source Python library that facilitates efficient numerical

operations on large quantities of data. There are a few functions that exist in
NumPy that we use on pandas DataFrames. The most important part about NumPy
is that pandas is built on top of it which means Numpy is required for
operating the Pandas.

It is defined as a Python package used for performing the various

numerical computations and processing of the multidimensional and single-
dimensional array elements. The calculations using Numpy arrays are faster
than the normal Python array. It is also capable of handling a vast amount
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of data and convenient with Matrix multiplication, linear algebra and data
reshaping. NumPy provides functions for generating random numbers.

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Pandas Library:

Pandas is a very popular library for working with data for data manipulation
and analysis. DataFrames and Series are at the center of pandas. A Series
is a 1D labelled array data structure and a DataFrame is a 2D labelled
structured like a table or spreadsheet. The rows and the columns both have
indexes, and you can perform operations on rows or columns separately. It can
perform five significant steps required for processing and analysis of data
irrespective of the origin (CSV, Excel, etc.,) of the data, i.e., loading,
manipulate, prepare, model and analyze.

Pandas integrates well with data visualization libraries like Matplotlib and
Seaborn, allowing you to create informative visualizations of your data.
These visualizations can be instrumental in understanding data patterns,
identifying trends, and uncovering potential issues.

Mathplotlib Library:

Matplotlib is a very popular Python library for data visualization and Plots.
Like Pandas, it is not directly related to Machine Learning. It particularly
comes in handy when a programmer wants to visualize the patterns in the
data. It is a 2D plotting library used for creating 2D graphs and plots. A
module named pyplot makes it easy for programmers for plotting as it
provides features to control line styles, font properties, formatting axes,
etc. It provides various kinds of graphs and plots for data visualization, viz.,
histogram, error charts, bar chats, etc.,

Scipy Library:

SciPy an essential library for Scikit-learn is built upon Numpy library. It

contains different modules for scientific and technical computing such as
optimization, linear algebra, integration, interpolation and statistics. Its
integration with NumPy array simplifies scientific computations, enabling
tasks like solving differential equations, signal processing, and statistical
optimization.

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SciPy is also very useful for image manipulation. Remember, we also come
across Scipy stack which is different from the SciPy library (used to extend the
capabilities of Scipy). The SciPy is one of the core packages that make up the
SciPy stack.

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 NEP- BCA Sixth Semester LAB- (CA-C29L)
(NEP Scheme) 2023-2024

Machine Learning Lab Program 3.

3. Install and set up scikit-learn and

other necessary tools.
CA-C29L: Machine Learning BCA VI
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Lab Program 3: Install and set up scikit-learn and other necessary tools.

PIP is a package manager for Python, which means it allows you to install
and manage libraries and dependencies that are supplemental to the
standard library. (A package contains all the files you need for a module, and
modules are Python code libraries that you can include in your projects.)

PIP3 is also a package manager, designed to replace PIP to solve few

problems caused by it. Latest versions of python 3.x allows the use of pips
command for installing python libraries.

Scikit-learn (Sklearn) Library:

Scikit-learn is the most useful machine learning library. It provides modules for
data analysis and statistical modelling. It provides a wide range of efficient
tools such as classification, regression, and clustering and dimensionality
reduction via a consistence interface in Python. This library, which is
largely written in Python, is built upon following essential libraries: NumPy,
Pandas, SciPy and Matplotlib libraries.

Install numpy library

Step 1: Open command prompt,

CMD. Step 2: Type the

command, C:\Users\DELL> py –m

pip install numpy Or

C:\Users\DELL>pip3 instal numpy

Step 3: Upgrade the software by

the command C:\Users\DELL> py –

m pip install - -upgrade pip Or

C:\Users\DELL> pip3 install - -upgrade pip

Step 4: On the successful installation, you can type following two commands at
command
prompt. If python prompt “>>>” appears then package is successfully installed.

1. C:\Users\DELL>python

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2. >>>import numpy

Install pandas library

Step 1: Open command prompt,

CMD. Step 2: Type the

command, C:\Users\DELL> py –m

pip install pandas Or

C:\Users\DELL>pip3 install pandas

Step 3: Upgrade the software by

the command C:\Users\DELL> py –

m pip install - -upgrade pip Or

C:\Users\DELL> pip3 install - -upgrade pip

Step 4: On the successful installation, you can type following two commands at
command
prompt. If python prompt “>>>” appears then package is successfully installed.

1. C:\Users\DELL>python
2. >>>import pandas

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Install scipy library

Step 1: Open command prompt,

CMD. Step 2: Type the

command, C:\Users\DELL> py –m

pip install scipy Or

C:\Users\DELL>pip3 install scipy

Step 3: Upgrade the software by

the command C:\Users\DELL> py –

m pip install - -upgrade pip Or

C:\Users\DELL> pip3 install - -upgrade pip

Step 4: On the successful installation, you can type following two commands at
command
prompt. If python prompt “>>>” appears then package is successfully installed.

1. C:\Users\DELL>python
2. >>>import scipy

Install matplotlib library

Step 1: Open command prompt, CMD.

Step 2: Type the command,

C:\Users\DELL> py –m pip install matplotlib

Or

C:\Users\DELL>pip3 install matplotlib

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Step 3: Upgrade the software by

the command C:\Users\DELL> py –

m pip install - -upgrade pip Or

C:\Users\DELL> pip3 install - -upgrade pip

Step 4: On the successful installation, you can type following two commands at
command
prompt. If python prompt “>>>” appears then package is successfully installed.

1. C:\Users\DELL>python
2. >>>import matplotlib

Install scikit- learn (sklearn)

library Step 1: Open

command prompt, CMD.

Step 2: Type the command,

C:\Users\DELL> py –m pip install sklearn

Or

C:\Users\DELL>pip3 install sklearn

Step 3: Upgrade the software by

the command C:\Users\DELL> py –

m pip install - -upgrade pip Or

C:\Users\DELL> pip3 install - -upgrade pip

Step 4: On the successful installation, you can type following two commands at
command
prompt. If python prompt “>>>” appears then package is successfully installed.

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1. C:\Users\DELL>python
2. >>>import sklearn

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Write a python program to show the Scikit-learn and essential

installed libraries’ versions to provide conformation of successful
installing.

import numpy
import pandas
import scipy
import matplotlib
import sklearn

print("numpy library version is: ")

print(numpy. version ) #please type two underscore symbols.
print("numpy library is successfully installed")
print(" ")

print("pandas library version is: ")

print(pandas. version )
print("pandas library is successfully installed")
print(" ")

print("scipy library version is: ")

print(scipy. version )
print("scipy library is successfully
installed") print(" ")

print("matplotlib library version

is: ") print(matplotlib.
version )
print("matplotlib library is successfully installed")
print(" ")

print("scikit-learn(sklearn) library version is: ")

print(sklearn. version )
print("sklearn library is successfully installed")

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Program Output:

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Lab Program 4: Write a program to Load and explore the dataset of .CVS
and excel files using pandas.

Note: Before execution of this program, please check pandas and openpyxl
libraries are installed. The “openpyxl” library is used to load the excel files.

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Lab Program 5: Write a program to visualize the dataset to gain insights

using Matplotlib or Seaborn by plotting scatter plots, bar charts.

Note: Before execution of this program, please check pandas, mathplotlib and
seaborn libraries are installed. The “seaborn” library is used for barchart, a
data visualization. And “mathplotlib” library is used for scattered plot, a data
visualization. The “pandas” library is essential for data visualization libraries for
its successful implementation.

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Output:

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Dataset for program 6

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Lab Program 6: Write a program to Handle missing data, encode

categorical variables, and perform feature scaling.

Note: Before execution of this program, please check pandas, sklearn

libraries are installed. Dataset file used in the program is
“Dataset.csv”.

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Output

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7. Write a program to implement a k-nearest neighbours (K-NN)

classifier using scikit-learn and Train the classifier on the dataset and
evaluate its performance.

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