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File Handling

File handling in C++ utilizes the <fstream> library, which includes ifstream for reading, ofstream for writing, and fstream for both. The document provides examples of writing to a file, reading from a file, and taking user input to store in a file. Each example demonstrates the importance of checking if the file is open and closing the file after operations.

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Daud Khan
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4 views4 pages

File Handling

File handling in C++ utilizes the <fstream> library, which includes ifstream for reading, ofstream for writing, and fstream for both. The document provides examples of writing to a file, reading from a file, and taking user input to store in a file. Each example demonstrates the importance of checking if the file is open and closing the file after operations.

Uploaded by

Daud Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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File Handling in C++

File handling in C++ allows programs to read from and write to files. This is done using the
standard C++ library <fstream>, which provides three main classes:

File Stream Classes:

Class Purpose

ifstream Input file stream (for reading files)

ofstream Output file stream (for writing files)

fstream File stream for both input and output

Example 1: Writing to a File:


#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
ofstream file("example.txt"); // Create and open a file
if (file.is_open()) {
file << "Hello, world!\n";
file << "This is a file handling example.";
file.close(); // Always close the file
} else {
cout << "Unable to open file for writing.\n";
}
return 0;
}
Output:
Example 2: Reading from a File:
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() {
ifstream file("example.txt"); // Open the file to read
string line;
if (file.is_open()) {
while (getline(file, line)) {
cout << line << endl;
}
file.close();
} else {
cout << "Unable to open file for reading.\n";
}
return 0;
}

Example 3: Take Input from User and Store in a File


#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string data;
ofstream file("userdata.txt"); // Create or open the file for writing

if (file.is_open()) {
cout << "Enter your name: ";
getline(cin, data); // Get full line including spaces
file << "Name: " << data << endl;

cout << "Enter your age: ";


getline(cin, data);
file << "Age: " << data << endl;

cout << "Enter your address: ";


getline(cin, data);
file << "Address: " << data << endl;

file.close(); // Close the file


cout << "Data successfully saved to 'userdata.txt'." << endl;
} else {
cout << "Error opening file!" << endl;
}

return 0;
}
Output:

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