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Practice Set 2

This document provides a solution for automating browser navigation controls using Selenium WebDriver, including back, forward, and refresh actions with verification. It includes a complete Python implementation with test cases, best practices, and customization guidelines for specific web applications. Additionally, it addresses common issues and their fixes related to navigation testing.

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8 views5 pages

Practice Set 2

This document provides a solution for automating browser navigation controls using Selenium WebDriver, including back, forward, and refresh actions with verification. It includes a complete Python implementation with test cases, best practices, and customization guidelines for specific web applications. Additionally, it addresses common issues and their fixes related to navigation testing.

Uploaded by

fivasax997
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Handle Browser Navigation Controls Using Selenium WebDriver

Problem Statement:

Implement Selenium WebDriver to automate browser navigation actions like forward,


backward, and refresh in a web application.

Automated Browser Navigation Testing Using Selenium WebDriver

Here's a complete solution to automate browser navigation controls (back, forward, refresh)
with verification:

python

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from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

import unittest

class BrowserNavigationTest(unittest.TestCase):

@classmethod

def setUpClass(cls):

# Initialize Chrome WebDriver

cls.driver = webdriver.Chrome()

cls.driver.maximize_window()

cls.wait = WebDriverWait(cls.driver, 10)

# Test URLs

cls.url1 = "https://www.google.com"

cls.url2 = "https://www.github.com"
cls.url3 = "https://www.python.org"

def test_navigation_controls(self):

"""Test browser back, forward, and refresh functionality"""

# Navigate to first page

self.driver.get(self.url1)

self.assertIn("google", self.driver.current_url.lower())

# Navigate to second page

self.driver.get(self.url2)

self.assertIn("github", self.driver.current_url.lower())

# Navigate to third page

self.driver.get(self.url3)

self.assertIn("python", self.driver.current_url.lower())

# 1. Test BACK button

self.driver.back()

self.wait.until(EC.url_contains("github"))

print(f"After BACK: {self.driver.current_url}")

# 2. Test FORWARD button

self.driver.forward()

self.wait.until(EC.url_contains("python"))

print(f"After FORWARD: {self.driver.current_url}")

# 3. Test REFRESH
original_title = self.driver.title

self.driver.refresh()

self.wait.until(EC.title_is(original_title))

print("Page refreshed successfully")

# 4. Verify page content persists after refresh

self.assertIn("python", self.driver.page_source.lower())

def test_multiple_navigation(self):

"""Test chained navigation actions"""

self.driver.get(self.url1)

self.driver.get(self.url2)

# Back to first page

self.driver.back()

self.assertIn("google", self.driver.current_url.lower())

# Forward to second page

self.driver.forward()

self.assertIn("github", self.driver.current_url.lower())

# Refresh and verify

self.driver.refresh()

self.assertIn("github", self.driver.current_url.lower())

@classmethod

def tearDownClass(cls):

# Close the browser


cls.driver.quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":

unittest.main()

Key Features of the Solution

Complete Navigation Testing:

• Back/Forward/Refresh operations with verification

• URL and content validation after each action

Robust Implementation:

• Explicit waits (WebDriverWait) for reliable navigation

• Page content verification

• Multiple test scenarios

Best Practices:

• Clean setup/teardown

• Descriptive print statements

• Comprehensive assertions

Customization Guide

1. For Your Web Application

python

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# Replace these with your application URLs

cls.url1 = "https://your-app.com/page1"

cls.url2 = "https://your-app.com/page2"

cls.url3 = "https://your-app.com/page3"

2. Additional Test Cases

python

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def test_navigation_history(self):
"""Test navigation history length"""

self.driver.get(self.url1)

self.driver.get(self.url2)

self.driver.get(self.url3)

# JavaScript to check history length

history_length = self.driver.execute_script("return window.history.length")

self.assertGreaterEqual(history_length, 3)

3. Handling Authentication

python

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# For pages requiring login (store cookies first)

self.driver.add_cookie({"name": "session", "value": "12345"})

self.driver.refresh()

Best Practices

✔ Always verify navigation results (URL/title/content)


✔ Use explicit waits after navigation commands
✔ Test edge cases (empty history, rapid navigation)
✔ Combine with page objects for maintainable code

Common Issues & Fixes

Issue: StaleElementReferenceException after navigation


Fix: Re-locate elements after page changes

Issue: Timing issues with page loads


Fix: Use EC.url_to_be() or EC.title_is()

Issue: Browser cache affecting tests


Fix: Clear cache with driver.delete_all_cookies()

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