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Module 6

Module 6 discusses various methods for measuring torque, including strain gauges, torque meters, inductive torque transducers, digital methods, and magneto-striction transducers. Each method has its own working principles, advantages, disadvantages, and applications, ranging from automotive testing to industrial monitoring. The document highlights the importance of accuracy, reliability, and the suitability of each method for different environments and systems.

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3 views4 pages

Module 6

Module 6 discusses various methods for measuring torque, including strain gauges, torque meters, inductive torque transducers, digital methods, and magneto-striction transducers. Each method has its own working principles, advantages, disadvantages, and applications, ranging from automotive testing to industrial monitoring. The document highlights the importance of accuracy, reliability, and the suitability of each method for different environments and systems.

Uploaded by

togovo4543
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 6: Measurement of Torque

(i) Strain Gauges

Working Principle:

• Measure strain caused by torque using resistance change in the strain gauge bonded at 45°
to the shaft axis.

Points:

1. Based on the change in electrical resistance due to strain.

2. Strain gauges are fixed at ±45° angles to measure shear stress.

3. Output is processed using a Wheatstone bridge circuit.

4. Torque is calculated from the voltage output after calibration.

5. Suitable for both static and rotating shafts.

Advantages:

• High accuracy.

• Can be used for dynamic torque measurement.

• Compact and lightweight.

Disadvantages:

• Requires careful bonding and alignment.

• Affected by temperature changes.

Applications:

• Automotive engine testing.

• Rotating machinery.

• Research labs.
(ii) Torque Meters

Working Principle:

• Measure torque using mechanical or electronic sensing elements attached to the rotating
shaft.

Points:

1. Can be static or rotary types.

2. Use strain gauges, optical, or magnetic sensors.

3. Often include speed sensors for power calculation.

4. Real-time monitoring and data acquisition.

5. Digital and analog outputs available.

Advantages:

• Direct measurement.

• High sensitivity and reliability.

• Suitable for continuous operation.

Disadvantages:

• Expensive.

• Requires careful installation.

Applications:

• Engines, motors, pumps.

• Transmission systems.

• Industrial torque monitoring.

(iii) Inductive Torque Transducers

Working Principle:

• Change in inductance caused by deformation of magnetic elements due to torque is


measured.

Points:

1. Non-contact measurement based on magnetic coupling.

2. Torque changes geometry of magnetic circuit → changes inductance.

3. Output is proportional to applied torque.

4. Suitable for rotating systems.

5. Used where physical contact is difficult.


Advantages:

• Non-contact operation.

• Durable in harsh environments.

• Reliable for dynamic systems.

Disadvantages:

• Affected by electromagnetic interference.

• Calibration can be complex.

Applications:

• Electric vehicle drivetrains.

• Gearbox torque monitoring.

• Automation and robotics.

(iv) Digital Method

Working Principle:

• Use of digital electronics (e.g., ADCs, microcontrollers) to read and process torque signals.

Points:

1. Signals from strain gauges or encoders are digitized.

2. High-resolution data acquisition using microprocessors.

3. Enables real-time monitoring and wireless transmission.

4. Suitable for modern smart systems.

5. Can be integrated with IoT platforms.

Advantages:

• Accurate and noise-free signal.

• Easy data storage and transfer.

• Allows remote diagnostics and control.

Disadvantages:

• Costly setup.

• Requires programming and calibration.

Applications:

• Smart factories (Industry 4.0).

• Research instrumentation.
• Electric vehicle systems.

(v) Magneto-striction Transducers

Working Principle:

• Based on the magneto-strictive effect — strain alters the magnetic properties of a material,
which is measured.

Points:

1. Use magneto-strictive material bonded to shaft.

2. Torque-induced strain changes magnetic permeability.

3. Magnetic change is picked up by surrounding coils.

4. Used for dynamic, non-contact torque sensing.

5. Suitable for long-term operation in rotating machines.

Advantages:

• Non-contact, wear-free operation.

• Good for high-speed and harsh conditions.

• Reliable for real-time torque monitoring.

Disadvantages:

• Sensitive to temperature and EMI.

• More complex signal conditioning required.

Applications:

• Aerospace actuators.

• Electric motor testing.

• Automotive powertrain systems.

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