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Unit 4 Noise

The document discusses the characteristics and effects of continuous course modulation in communication systems. It outlines various technical aspects related to modulation techniques, noise considerations, and performance metrics. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of understanding the modulation process for effective signal transmission and reception.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
11 views46 pages

Unit 4 Noise

The document discusses the characteristics and effects of continuous course modulation in communication systems. It outlines various technical aspects related to modulation techniques, noise considerations, and performance metrics. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of understanding the modulation process for effective signal transmission and reception.

Uploaded by

guybms4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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Test No, Date Page No. : | Wee im Ch) Modwlation Sepeesi sie 5 | | Teteodaction Tea_dle_| previous _ naples, 12% here. __| | dacsed He, chatacsistics of contin uiout coarse tnodulation j—Cit_ AM, Sse 4 Fa) Fachniey ies: @ in Tee this _chopka_, ne stacly the effecks | ie hase odutotion sopb ea | “thase. Mano @_in tides, —fo_Gatiy nt _thit Ousadegsise chit |noise ur" crtsunerd ts additive , odbile & Gateetrione ; us * AGible bow z Em! Agdliakin- i Wt) > botuk news Psp! - t 2 i ae ee ah pases ie AH naw + wecseol fn TH + poadbed Sporl UTP T pee A EH CO Sine Ye Eat “Errol in Sha ot nt doke ashrile noite Fede _povsiletation. poheie Pp a onst [ ren A. Zt ‘Scanned with CamScanner Receiver Model ~\ 4 @ WH frrfoie ef mrocleling tee MH seston ct te Lndersted a cheely tle “pandlancntals op ald Prpescal | 3y nS, Peete Comm" gy tons @ Urs! He BO moda , Ot 34 caey Ly lurdoisterd HE Capable Hes and Linttottinl! 6 Ma Sysker » ’ 5 @ Read While fotnuctating the rvodel al. a RE, the feliowing pointy Should “ Showld be bepk in Wind « ole @ Yee nual prover on hen descaihtion af wy Obert Ye RY ppie Ushinr uu of out luctaneel of. Are inhesat - pileng and 9 produlabon characteiiectica of She Syke, . Go he reolal Su simple is Stati hival wraps pobeit? ee | opt oof Bi ety J ao 2) PE Denso, off ss ‘peed nee Pe" proclal «l. ? * eur vole) - dlp bh Ber SD > Incwmmi, rrodutated . VAR > wee odded by Slt» » he Sl) ust) —2 applied a ger. thy BPE iy wot ale eclumh fi ley Used by Acmere né Bnd 4} feprtseoly ele Waabinge! fires ockon 4 fle honed! Ombtipers tite ia the feist de Borner teat’ a ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No Date Page No. |—_“Tle. Bhs LoL thir opp euiitd Uhee pate € Coe : | to Hatnit the pandutaticl Giprat Cte) _ysitlamd 6 distal, . GD) tae the ‘l bend Lapel fn te cian ay mall? ~ used” + }———____Neue w(t) is assumed te nalihitee | this noi ks Np, ik we [ot eyeing | bondusidth and ct is “mensurcd at dle -fAbick= end af the _Avcoives- “the Bw of the BPE ys erocly ey wolta tee. po au of 2 odudotod Y gat Slt That ‘Scanned with CamScanner 968 @ Usually {> B - ‘thermfole oe con deat We ibeed poue nit) as norrow boud noise: So rt is porsd le he Arpyesent nue) ww othe Canduri tod foe as follows WIT RPE pa nek ry, nl) = nel (eS Qn) — nalt) Sr larfb =(1) VY tae fd Me (®) ‘he op Spray op Ber As x)= Sib + nl Go athe Oamed” Sana Slt) —> Defers pr the sghe 4 nrroduloted used nip —> neotte & he anr nese power at tle denrodutalad input is eyual te arta Under He cael poner sfectiad density Gave Sef). my Avthon Wolke forks = Arta utcler $,(¢) [ie courte) Fafenl | [mecp tees mar | © Sql te meus saton ot the Input of 4 { be defied as (Sue), = Avrcge ower of- rrodulatadt Spuud St) qe ON fitAare hower of. tea filled notice nt) es ak ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No. : Date Page No. : PO odin —tipwol_to_mols® Astin cle Lek as | BD Since te output fijpaat te pete Aalio (wel, [ dchend& or. She abor.0 fuse factots jb 4 infatnculi} to tonsbase be Gut, fo6 Ait fost nrodutalidu dens a psbnrs a prlilP haa bing gisele tombutss or, bho aiff ewes) | nad — Dersod i ay ih th tee rer eisarip Vhsa Si follosci sf peicts by fe Co csclose ek Cte aaodulated Spnei Slt) ret) by tau neal? Syte Should tort the Gane. Avise powes » ¢ A fount Ti) “the Ranta Curl Sorecves noire wtf ot ait [Gis I Bowne rr Da } we ‘Scanned with CamScanner (eo nagdl— Derved 19 “the perfetrrante 9 eee ’ ay Te Channel Neue Rotio ep (ic Guar) . (Gray, —> Delied os Be Aatio of tM anirose pover L rivcudalid Fawol tp fe fours o. neue in te wedege Be, pom proatuerzed ot Le ex” info . esd gy wi Ge), = Avehaye Gipral poweurak te A ile (Fea Arerafy ngue power at He &” ilp ‘thes Aclin mar be viewed at dhe Simal-te-noue aodico thot x2suls rm baebord (diset) trantmi) Kio of th mersage Moval mtb) aritheuk 2 A Shown in. £4. SQ assumed Ytrat ~ § iifet Bone 0 We outrage Pour of & modulotior , as Hee rt power at the LPe © th mena onjusted 4d wk te He mModutlatd Fipwel 4 (DB Tle LPF posses the: nretiote Agel + age out-of badd pecs. itn it 4 fe the B52 0 Compari ai © at Cen meni & ; ‘pa (oss Ao neimali Aeceiver, perpdrian sy dating He oufuct Aaa be nei ruilis ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No. Date Page No. —ierase afeeetit. fpr Ale pg” iy ots | Figuse of exeait = = Gee Ene.) warearit aes be cop} bo re te a creas a pe 24 nodulation pscd . ie LA fle next dois Lk discuss dle pocte flores | {.—£] psec com dtl ame Po pe] G) neise in Dense Retoivers ‘Scanned with CamScanner | te) TT prodeck wb 5 oat Oy pr lL Spot SBP F Pf dada] Te ale) K+ L___ —— LHe | | Lesage) | Note oe lt? | Lewd | { ase” J Model of DSB-se Be using — Cohort dabatinn @® UW ss aud wat th Loud ost” hot been Stnchizns zed in phate en Lath we eset gf she Brownies. ree bee ER DSBS Compo nent af the fend ena) wlt) 4s enprenel af Sit)= CA, (ard) lt) = =——© pee PUG) —> Sinnsoidal carcieg. mle — ML Apa « CF Syken dependent Scaling faut Ler ralt) —> Loraple fences ob a Wabi eiy porte havi a 2 W\tan- Lub Sul > Pow shectial dhawtby (ecb) of malt, whicr ia had wabkd do a mar” eyeeny my (He > mentors ay)- ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No Date Page No. LGD Awer powtc_/p_of. the. Meuse Ppl cA rhe [Otel nah nadie he — Luau af PSD pean piety by, be | p= sip de “A Fence Pee it tte ee ee He 05i5-5e papdadabad Gapagl Sled dd bu Eq P a We mblain ta Yas clans fos _ det pole “Put owetop power of mult) = on Neue a7 : nest wy N/a + Pee + cs Oy | Pewee fu) iia the Meta, Bh) A? 24 Caza to bLMy + Ch q : Gne).= fveroge Aripred owes od Rul impo Aveande nsise ppwes ak pee” fnfary = CAB cat BUN “Burd ‘Scanned with CamScanner ole SNe J e_ fd Gre of te dseke spear 1 ~~ > [see > eit ped Aap? ef -te fi lewd wae “1 } AID > ohh Spd at th ip 2 Ghost detatat mb = SED + ltd —@ = Ca, wwerg be mlb) «{ nr, lo usarie) — nfo endo “Oo xu ny fb > Ta prone Combe nent ol alt) Nel) 2 Re prose Deport a nth. where D outpar of” Prada Modulate of how dated vibe Lt) 3 Or) -® : 2 VIDE Ca, mid GSOrtd) + YW ustardt) —rgld Sake. + zt tong tt] vib) = Che molt) [1 ret | + wis us unk) a & = rate fintrg td} Zz “ts CA, mld) + ney +4 [camp np le] Werke go ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No. Date Page No. I. The Lop nate Coherent dotactal — herrorves te | [Aig fre tstealn4 Cone porate by of wet), fae a Avcoives ” Oud pute a a “ | ——— fy DC ntuatn a pte | Pron the above _ i, re ws _clent_ Vtaat [| © Me op gu Yo 1 dew bp _mal eps Bp | ; Alt) ond F —biase i vroise Bruforat ples a pelbved wed net). dle of Ber = GCA, my Ad tinge 420 WA _o] Mnelsiiyy refers > Le cae LohAA, PS aniosoye | frower. 0] prlty CA _DSAsC andl) , He TH Bis > R= ou ? |B Bee tah 5a tnt ik TH seca | : Satpal BO) wer 4 paws “ the er nee alt) cy Qivay | : 4 pik 5 lo o n, so Heat, He _Aal Chay — nese ab ste Beh ait dus Ey “§ ALAS * ‘Scanned with CamScanner _ | — olp swe of .psesc Ram de ~~ dy (ane, = ¢ NE = No ® Aigwe of mak © 6N&o (SNR. SND ase ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No. Date Page No. : eH -NeUC in Deol AM Aa ceiver) i aie a oe idtbods Th srutrerssbical onpk of gta AM urase | ree a Ac [tt keanale) [ios and & -O [5A tosamt id) Ae ba male» G5 [act b) | OF —abenoge—fouta of the Cater compose | Poe Ae (FA notondl reek co nd iva) a d I The. ee. len bese it . , (Lo aepre

YUL) Ub (xfer + &) am ane woe Yt) —2 wile Of xy A u af ep ee 2 ere es ee ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No Date : Page No. : The Cruel pe YY yee fe at Doky MED WY ot (nates \ [te Sipe gi defees tte ofp Af. on Ideal envelope _| pae—ideal enueloje d Bee ead Seanad A }—Vardaticus fa ye fiease ef ed) @Mesnensa “the ales 1 hat PE Aeon bins a dean dine fo rae | [dat thy clip to achtere | Up) A+ R kz melt) +n ip) EF Oe eee fom Gn © . Fed Spel 2 2p 7 worl [ir ignti5]-r me teo¥ afnwot' | Z| Ae Cava myy + 24, Ctr vanity) arlty4f tay Ic 2 J 4 rb as |e a Qa em ent ye? O VY, ‘ ROM OT pF Cin yes] Danan? | Fae ponsoi LU ‘Scanned with CamScanner fe DD [nor bowen] ty 1% i , 2 nel ] & Ae [tw ha [r+ | zs 4 Defra Yo OS | qi > Ac (+ ka mit) + M2 LO [yee me + fe ka ml) 9 a (Goel, Syrek boiee or oe oe oper nour poms ca tenon Wu Heys (D fom be Bog it hed bo lation waite the menaye Bin eee I a | Pe onthnge pat OL tip le NODE pours 4p ane =2hMy : 2 Pa upt a Grey yy 2 Mer _® JN No ‘Scanned wth Camseaoner — Dato bag Ore Sa Ge Pieed W she Lo tte aueraye, Carries clectectat tng be Gi) Yte Arplidecle, Love, a bo too _bercot (is Valid erly if the followx pes Coratanng produulabiou 2 ots tai —o_eaypecalt CAR ove pcs poner tral Compared | power ot the envetope—| vy sass to ndibiong — Page No. = AgKEP ae(1+khe) ————_—$—_—_———— Ear proie= Ke P | @ Pe Cota) lek EP bet ES Rutinn’. ; LCi) Tle FOM af f DSASc aa SEQ Ry”> Catt, Coherent odectrbu! i [+ But Fort of AM pS Huon 1. Aas | UF agap taien ae TiVEW RANA TNOTHTH FFE AE TECHNOL ORY Glininamn | > Moise _forfamrente Of RA fy” ts treat of Ho ssa pf DSB-& AxS ” ‘Scanned with CamScanner ss 1 Fo 4 ment fos wale” lone. rane Sitiu ml = fhe UA(d-nf st) Slt) = 7 - Alt) 2 bea Uh dof, MET stey = Ne [1-4 beg rab] (asap 1 a te “S@)~ rel + Aeoy Cas brfut| cos at Ac q SU) > Rel) + 4 cosb.nft)[ uss Grd.) He toes = ha rg. ® avenge poner 2} Hy eecoclnd okiry UAL, 4 (4) 4 (ewe ina load Jester ¢) Loon) h = An eS —@ a ® per 7 OH Gd AM) = ke —@) (ho eyn @) [4k P hr ® in © L pape - Rom: Gubbny = ae Aen Cee, pot it 3 beg Ana 2 = s& a (Gri kg Aur) pa aw x ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No, Date Page No. Oe (ie fot toot main), tan fase of 7 PE 2 332 ——— ——— | - Ott 3) ee PTE oll over hormmetiy ore ideshica! Wen He | [vA a4e rower “that gbotd bo Itoursnat pan _| HAM _otariter shold fe Huce tinccs dure ad tee | [Perret Hansilch by the Se ppversee cosaita Apts 7 ayuodcti_ol nese perfoteronce. Orla fiase af eattit 4 tat He Reise perfacesaate ofA Sycleea it At pendtet pun the value of tle | }—Modslation inddr ons —idY: JE ch tated it 2b psrto foment | | sft int a ne nth in fans 4 ni) = xt) (Porte + Po] —@ ‘Scanned with CamScanner Ay. chit Yas afro) @To ake nese phasol rH), (nf. Gama, 0 plosrr. Sepregeutig He Styl bevme fe Cie ka mea] 2s adoled » LE) 44 the pene oagle boo alts 4 A Cra ka nelti] - \ : * | @ Ck 2s atumed Ahet \ the canits-to- noise Luther | go fou Yak He Comet | pepe Ae Jd Small wooed ’ [ota te neue a ee PA moe of HH tire - v -— He lon neglok tle qpeadase la Comborent 0] tie pee ae ia Tear phe, cureape oh rie) + Ac(ie Karls) cowl) yl rt) + he WEY) + Ac kanal) [PLO] han Othe expo fot Ue) indicat Vaal rohen He caveice fe rue actio 1 Bmell nok aia 1 we loko cher o]P cloes % any Atm wlth it Aiaectty te prepaticnd Per leet ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No lest Nov Date : Page No. : 9 the 3" aga’ dave ing athena pael— MAD rabbi blied bythe nite _tabny cot Geter) | SD _Bide_ ithe — phase fl) _of the inave near base! OU ke ten ly dette buted oes 2a Lackicnnls. ——— Hane. here pala” be Tn foiimabiou ped hore wi) nok be _amep elie tour | —Pesineia_tte dlotactat ofp Bearer ne pe a y v ) of > wv - ‘ v2 \ ~ / ¥ ‘Scanned with CamScanner TE 7 PMS BI A > Carver fey Pree NOSE in EM Receivers! °M + Ree s juke {a VID} Bates a “© Lorie Pie teh [ colt) ps moty sol of 4 BE ° 4 DD slt> —> Aefresels secavecd PM & mole: CoLiOr feyuoney te and TA? Bas wl) Additive while Gavition noise (AWGN), with mean + No a metic poner sfectial clensity o fr WN PSD +4 ob own] 8) Th ie ottumed thot clot al) the Pravgnailled powes Lies ay He tency — bird {2% Pi-fos nd phe onbint of power, jes ae fed fl 2 Bt © me ne ey are ee be ald Sadun ae Bu A oe BE ee eae) nid, Be - Neue | | a ; WL Com be _nationdfeed | Aare piesa =nbh) a | Abts “Hexed i Werden Be sewired note I win LEE AO ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No. fa * Date Page No. : Oo EM speck the ntssore infotinecclion is _| |} —Faons ral 7 tatione 5) tet inadontereprns | pe piston tay of -a__Sinirsoidel caveter ware aso itr | [-—seAbdicade 2 araintnined comclawh = © The anftitucle — Pollouring tke BEC in the. jAeeeatsnodlat in tided to Atnwot aapliudle Xabi ibis the nrod uDectod wre at slo | cbabfatng = . vd %, i ole 4s i soi oly E the cr.s2i0n i bd the neces ak é Lars for a, Ca A * PB Disuiasinabs- eb (grat | [© Gehe ww pita a freAudas inpapiouday TE Haut vanes rrnsly Ur foros Tr RE a_hubricl ‘Scanned with CamScanner toad sated Lott frryronc ara ‘nn variction wart in vary d “d enartlope, cand detector tt ek pH da om Mi grec ! rin Mtn Confer evo 4 Ond eae ruc bb neue dep ert runimim © he } leet nose defived in aad, 4 Nb = MH Coban} t scl iz Le ape mhz Sb wHtt) Gute) ace oiclance nef huwa S Raseknsd Lee CPM detackion [lee Component 9 shes Armes HE ort —0] band at tHe dlictinrinaled otha — (Hb Friary EafR OPN Oia fs Sbbu - BSinw = (aree® tos. [x ea wile 7 am plitucle aed ' unt athe ™ both tee. amplitudd — | ne COU Mee 6 detidnt™ a ta ef aol covet sel pe Ji hoz q Bho accommodate Ye phe meee Hpnad . | to af tle pubpet et nls at tle Bpr ofp iu Ta phase & Q—phuse anifos ee) eh ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No. Date Page No. —Eapersd on af nit) in Serans ii _envelabe J _$Otael irate orb — J——____nit) = rle) Cos la mfet_ eye Cran M6 }—___pehee envelope 4 = [ingle “new | =O [> 1H —> hs a, | & Blase pli) ——> The batons Pa Sfacal Ott defined by SH) > A, Cs [ake ark, [murrat| —6 z Ae > tod tle of _toaaieg ® Kp => J aetaratantiat stunted beuteg —________1 tli 2 srs) fsa __________ 4 toe Cl =m] al dt —@ a w= yey) = Ar os Jott x lt | —@6 & he _ afm) at Ne BPE ofp net) —> ft leroal rant Wb = Lb +nlt) = ai > f_tafante + dC | + rip was ants +b ‘Scanned with CamScanner ZU) Cnn be sc fresentod Mf a preset diagram od Shoo in _fes LA tot A" fan r : woos plo se a Pelt ww An) 2 ae Ae o pis > og bhatt ot) < a Sh) le of gt tn meee ee Hob. pl) = rH? sin [aw wv] j Aero ws [etn 9] A) = flo ead cto ear = #00] i : @ Ae + 7? us [He — 64 @ se te envelope of xl id of ro Antercat b vd, beLamte envelope votiotiae of He budpors ortprt se Aonoved by Pie rvs} 0 eA moin aim ty dotmning Se eure jn the — inttantaneers op fle Guin wore Caueed by the precce op the jley nese nit). ® Pi De ‘Scanned with CamScanner Page No. Date te cletectet ofp hteininatel b dorenntiathy culy on Ft 1 tat 4 rly siafaun nAde bi ns Yyle > lL d | xl) Oe Paty —sinlt 4 SAK AF J ‘Scanned with CamScanner @ Mf the Carin fy wiv ral Anito We btn otsumg Vhoat Ye PL = BLS Rs rd fotnaly f 4 frrow chip ‘lish buted 4 JA Andon. Oui thu attumption, He nema nylby at fhe Ole cL the dicinnaldt Will be independent of Yee modulatir + Byret art ib wll doped c Vie chetactic hres a We Caterer or hh and nou? - S Hin, tle enpvessan fex WY ton & fons ad follows * a But ayy tn PH] = NO 1¢ gle optodaalins Conspontat of tH ue neue nit) So oywDe ae o dfn w| —@ thos Ghevion Shows ‘thet tHe additive nos hylt) osbtda Wa tte dininuwt ofp Ty Defer sdud outs Orr the Crd amplitude fe Ord fe gprndeabise Comporesdt lt) of tte nobsowberch pee wWLt)- ‘Scanned with CamScanner Test No. aon Page No Output Siete Nite Ratio -— : @D (swe) SAvtiase output sigrad oiser Buss output nete bowtr wkr VBS Kee mi) + nity <2 pag: Chany ten ” PP taeascey Gitand (onsbondak —> kp oaltd Avira OP S'na) >> Pp wloe P 2 aEA nse q a —t panera rath» For. orn (8) WIKT He ppire cL. nett) | _£4 coatuats ve tie disc” ofp (ic nats) a at IT J (yte] a jaf GILL) ate ja Haselare | shan a Anos jolies ust, a teasisfos He ctif. | Cuprol fa [nw eh aie jot = it arte ae Nth <= PE Naty oA Re [£) <> more Ponts sfecbial lusty o Nalty @ SE ny, AC einige” shading ere th bas : ate ie | git) = tS) — lie Pe Mey” Me ‘ Ac Arca tudes PSD Ln — pute fan ty ‘Scanned with CamScanner nf noite (ure Comp) cee wey \ sta ® Mesure rat -the Bee in dle FM Re! needed hat on yleol Mant Atslarae, wrth pari cand poyety a ew “B. 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