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Assignment 5 Solution

The document discusses the concepts of frequency in images, highlighting the differences between low and high frequencies and their significance in image processing. It critiques the Ideal Low-Pass Filter (ILPF) for causing blurring and artifacts, suggesting alternatives like Butterworth and Gaussian filters, as well as adaptive techniques. Additionally, it explains the advantages of transforming images into the frequency domain for more effective filtering, compression, and enhancement.

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12 views2 pages

Assignment 5 Solution

The document discusses the concepts of frequency in images, highlighting the differences between low and high frequencies and their significance in image processing. It critiques the Ideal Low-Pass Filter (ILPF) for causing blurring and artifacts, suggesting alternatives like Butterworth and Gaussian filters, as well as adaptive techniques. Additionally, it explains the advantages of transforming images into the frequency domain for more effective filtering, compression, and enhancement.

Uploaded by

adarshhalse45
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Digital Image Processing (ET19T)

Assignment Number: 4 (Solution)

2 Frequency in an image refers to the rate of intensity changes across the image. Low
frequency represents smooth regions with gradual changes, while high frequency
corresponds to sharp edges and fine details. Frequency analysis is essential for image
filtering, compression, and enhancement.

3 The Ideal Low-Pass Filter (ILPF) in image processing has several disadvantages. It
causes significant blurring of edges by removing high-frequency components, leading to
a loss of fine details. Additionally, the abrupt cut-off in the frequency domain results in
ringing artifacts (Gibbs phenomenon), which appear as oscillations near edges. ILPF also
suffers from poor selectivity, as its sharp transition does not allow smooth filtering. To
overcome these issues, Butterworth Low-Pass Filters (BLPF) and Gaussian Low-Pass
Filters (GLPF) are commonly used. BLPF provides a smoother transition in the frequency
domain, reducing ringing artifacts, while GLPF ensures natural blurring without sharp
cut-offs. Additionally, adaptive filtering techniques, such as bilateral filtering, help
preserve edges while effectively reducing noise.

4 A spatial domain image is converted into the frequency domain to analyze and process
its frequency components more efficiently. In the frequency domain, operations such as
image filtering, compression, and enhancement become simpler and more effective.
Low-frequency components represent smooth regions, while high-frequency components
correspond to edges and fine details. By transforming an image using the Fourier
Transform (FT), we can easily remove noise, enhance specific features, and perform
operations like sharpening and blurring. Additionally, frequency domain techniques
enable efficient compression algorithms (e.g., JPEG) by discarding less important
frequency components. Thus, frequency domain processing provides greater flexibility
and efficiency in image manipulation.

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