AoPS Community 2024 Sharygin Geometry Olympiad

Sharygin Geometry Olympiad 2024

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3775081
by Tintarn, math comb01, starchan, jwelsh, InterLoop, NO SQUARES

– First (Correspondence) Round

1 Bisectors AI and CI meet the circumcircle of triangle ABC at points A1 , C1 respectively.

The circumcircle of triangle AIC1 meets AB at point C0 ; point A0 is defined similarly.
Prove that A0 , A1 , C0 , C1 are collinear.

2 Three different collinear points are given. What is the number of isosceles triangles such that
these points are their circumcenter, incenter and excenter (in some order)?

3 Let ABC be an acute-angled triangle, and M be the midpoint of the minor arc BC of its circum-
circle. A circle ω touches the side AB, AC at points P, Q respectively and passes through M .
Prove that BP + CQ = P Q.

4 The incircle ω of triangle ABC touches BC, CA, AB at points A1 , B1 and C1 respectively, P is
an arbitrary point on ω. The line AP meets the circumcircle of triangle AB1 C1 for the second
time at point A2 . Points B2 and C2 are defined similarly. Prove that the circumcircle of triangle
A2 B2 C2 touches ω.

5 Points A′ , B ′ , C ′ are the reflections of vertices A, B, C about the opposite sidelines of triangle
ABC. Prove that the circles AB ′ C ′ , A′ BC ′ , and A′ B ′ C have a common point.

6 A circle ω and two points A, B of this circle are given. Let C be an arbitrary point on one of arcs
AB of ω; CL be the bisector of triangle ABC; the circle BCL meet AC at point E; and CL meet
BE at point F . Find the locus of circumcenters of triangles AF C.

7 Restore a bicentral quadrilateral if two opposite vertices and the incenter are given.

8 Let ABCD be a quadrilateral ∠B = ∠D and AD = CD. The incircle of triangle ABC touches
the sides BC and AB at points E and F respectively. Prove that the midpoints of segments
AC, BD, AE, and CF are concyclic.

9 Let ABCD (AD ∥ BC) be a trapezoid circumscribed around a circle ω, which touches the sides
AB, BC, CD, and AD at points P, Q, R, S respectively. The line passing through P and parallel
to the bases of the trapezoid meets QR at point X. Prove that AB, QS and DX concur.

10 Let ω be the circumcircle of triangle ABC. A point T on the line BC is such that AT touches
ω. The bisector of angle BAC meets BC and ω at points L and A0 respectively. The line T A0

© 2024 AoPS Incorporated 1

AoPS Community 2024 Sharygin Geometry Olympiad

meets ω at point P . The point K lies on the segment BC in such a way that BL = CK. Prove
that ∠BAP = ∠CAK.

11 Let M, N be the midpoints of sides AB, AC respectively of a triangle ABC. The perpendicular
bisector to the bisectrix AL meets the bisectrixes of angles B and C at points P and Q respec-
tively. Prove that the common point of lines P M and QN lies on the tangent to the circumcircle
of ABC at A.

12 The bisectors AA1 , CC1 of a triangle ABC with ∠B = 60◦ meet at point I. The circumcircles of
triangles ABC, A1 IC1 meet at point P . Prove that the line P I bisects the side AC.

13 Can an arbitrary polygon be cut into isosceles trapezoids?

14 The incircle ω of triangle ABC, right angled at C, touches the circumcircle of its medial triangle
at point F . Let OE be the tangent to ω from the midpoint O of the hypotenuse AB, distinct from
AB. Prove that CE = CF .

15 The difference of two angles of a triangle is greater than 90◦ . Prove that the ratio of its circum-
radius and inradius is greater than 4.

16 Let AA1 , BB1 , and CC1 be the bisectors of a triangle ABC. The segments BB1 and A1 C1 meet
at point D. Let E be the projection of D to AC. Points P and Q on sides AB and BC respectively
are such that EP = P D, EQ = QD. Prove that ∠P DB1 = ∠EDQ.

17 Let ABC be a non-isosceles triangle, ω be its incircle. Let D, E, and F be the points at which the
incircle of ABC touches the sides BC, CA, and AB respectively. Let M be the point on ray EF
such that EM = AB. Let N be the point on ray F E such that F N = AC. Let the circumcircles
of △BF M and △CEN intersect ω again at S and T respectively. Prove that BS, CT, and AD
concur.

18 Let AA1 , BB1 , CC1 be the altitudes of an acute-angled triangle ABC; Ia be its excenter corre-
sponding to A; Ia′ be the reflection of Ia about the line AA1 . Points Ib′ , Ic′ are defined similarily.
Prove that lines A1 Ia′ , B1 Ib′ , C1 Ic′ concur.

19 A triangle ABC, its circumcircle, and its incenter I are drawn on the plane. Construct the cir-
cumcenter of ABC using only a ruler.

20 Lines a1 , b1 , c1 pass through the vertices A, B, C respectively of a triange ABC; a2 , b2 , c2 are

the reflections of a1 , b1 , c1 about the corresponding bisectors of ABC; A1 = b1 ∩ c1 , B1 = a1 ∩
c1 , C1 = a1 ∩b1 , and A2 , B2 , C2 are defined similarly. Prove that the triangles A1 B1 C1 and A2 B2 C2
have the same ratios of the area and circumradius (i.e. R S1
1
= RS2
2
, where Si = S(△Ai Bi Ci ),
Ri = R(△Ai Bi Ci ))

© 2024 AoPS Incorporated 2

AoPS Community 2024 Sharygin Geometry Olympiad

21 A chord P Q of the circumcircle of a triangle ABC meets the sides BC, AC at points A′ , B ′
respectively. The tangents to the circumcircle at A and B meet at a point X, and the tangents
at points P and Q meet at point Y . The line XY meets AB at a point C ′ . Prove that the lines
AA′ , BB ′ and CC ′ concur.

22 A segment AB is given. Let C be an arbitrary point of the perpendicular bisector to AB; O be the
point on the circumcircle of ABC opposite to C; and an ellipse centred at O touch AB, BC, CA.
Find the locus of touching points of the ellipse with the line BC.

23 A point P moves along a circle Ω. Let A and B be two fixed points of Ω, and C be an arbitrary
point inside Ω. The common external tangents to the circumcircles of triangles AP C and BCP
meet at point Q. Prove that all points Q lie on two fixed lines.

24 Let SABC be a pyramid with right angles at the vertex S. Points A′ , B ′ , C ′ lie on the edges
SA, SB, SC respectively in such a way that the triangles ABC and A′ B ′ C ′ are similar. Does this
yield that the planes ABC and A′ B ′ C ′ are parallel?

– Final Round

– Grade 8

8.1 A circle ω centered at O and a point P inside it are given. Let X be an arbitrary point of ω, the
line XP and the circle XOP meet ω for a second time at points X1 , X2 respectively. Prove that
all lines X1 X2 are parallel.

8.2 Let CM be the median of an acute-angled triangle ABC, and P be the projection of the ortho-
center H to the bisector of ∠C. Prove that M P bisects the segment CH.

8.3 Let AD be the altitude of an acute-angled triangle ABC and A′ be the point on its circumcircle
opposite to A. A point P lies on the segment AD, and points X, Y lie on the segments AB, AC
respectively in such a way that ∠CBP = ∠ADY , ∠BCP = ∠ADX. Let P A′ meet BC at point
T . Prove that D, X, Y , T are concyclic.

8.4 A square with side 1 is cut from the paper. Construct a segment with length 1/2024 using at
most 20 folds. No instruments are available. It is allowed only to fold the paper and to mark the
common points of folding lines.

8.5 The vertices M , N , K of rectangle KLM N lie on the sides AB, BC, CA respectively of a regular
triangle ABC in such a way that AM = 2, KC = 1. The vertex L lies outside the triangle. Find
the value of ∠KM N .

8.6 A circle ω touched lines a and b at points A and B respectively. An arbitrary tangent to the circle
meets a and b at X and Y respectively. Points X ′ and Y ′ are the reflections of X and Y about

© 2024 AoPS Incorporated 3

AoPS Community 2024 Sharygin Geometry Olympiad

A and B respectively. Find the locus of projections of the center of the circle to the lines X ′ Y ′ .

8.7 A convex quadrilateral ABCD is given. A line l ∥ AC meets the lines AD, BC, AB, CD at points
X, Y , Z, T respectively. The circumcircles of triangles XY B and ZT B meet for the second time
at point R. Prove that R lies on BD.

8.8 Two polygons are cut from the cardboard. Is it possible that for any disposition of these poly-
gons on the plane they have either common inner points or only a finite number of common
points on the boundary?

– Grade 9

9.1 Let H be the orthocenter of an acute-angled triangle ABC; A1 , B1 , C1 be the touching points
of the incircle with BC, CA, AB respectively; EA , EB , EC be the midpoints of AH, BH, CH re-
spectively. The circle centered at EA and passing through A meets for the second time the
bisector of angle A at A2 ; points B2 , C2 are defined similarly. Prove that the triangles A1 B1 C1
and A2 B2 C2 are similar.

9.2 Points A, B, C, D on the plane do not form a rectangle. Let the sidelengths of triangle T equal
AB + CD, AC + BD, AD + BC. Prove that the triangle T is acute-angled.

9.3 Let (P, P ′ ) and (Q, Q′ ) be two pairs of points isogonally conjugated with respect to a triangle
ABC, and R be the common point of lines P Q and P ′ Q′ . Prove that the pedal circles of points
P , Q, and R are coaxial.

9.4 For which n > 0 it is possible to mark several different points and several different circles on
the plane in such a way that:
— exactly n marked circles pass through each marked point;
— exactly n marked points lie on each marked circle;
— the center of each marked circle is marked?

9.5 Let ABC be an isosceles triangle (AC = BC), O be its circumcenter, H be the orthocenter,
and P be a point inside the triangle such that ∠AP H = ∠BP O = π/2. Prove that ∠P AC =
∠P BA = ∠P CB.

9.6 The incircle of a triangle ABC centered at I touches the sides BC, CA, and AB at points A1 , B1 ,
and C1 respectively. The excircle centered at J touches the side AC at point B2 and touches the
extensions of AB, BC at points C2 , A2 respectively. Let the lines IB2 and JB1 meet at point X,
the lines IC2 and JC1 meet at point Y , the lines IA2 and JA1 meet at point Z. Prove that if one
of points X, Y, Z lies on the incircle then two remaining points also lie on it.

9.7 Let P and Q be arbitrary points on the side BC of triangle ABC such that BP = CQ. The com-
mon points of segments AP and AQ with the incircle form a quadrilateral XY ZT . Find the locus

© 2024 AoPS Incorporated 4

AoPS Community 2024 Sharygin Geometry Olympiad

of common points of diagonals of such quadrilaterals.

9.8 Let points P and Q be isogonally conjugated with respect to a triangle ABC. The line P Q meets
the circumcircle of ABC at point X. The reflection of BC about P Q meets AX at point E. Prove
that A, P, Q, E are concyclic.

– Grade 10

10.1 The diagonals of a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD meet at point P . The bisector of angle ABD
meets AC at point E, and the bisector of angle ACD meets BD at point F . Prove that the lines
AF and DE meet on the median of triangle AP D.

10.2 For which greatest n there exists a convex polyhedron with n faces having the following prop-
erty: for each face there exists a point outside the polyhedron such that the remaining n − 1
faces are seen from this point?

10.3 Let BE and CF be the bisectors of a triangle ABC. Prove that 2EF ≤ BF + CE.

10.4 Let I be the incenter of a triangle ABC. The lines passing through A and parallel to BI, CI
meet the perpendicular bisector to AI at points S, T respectively. Let Y be the common point
of BT and CS, and A∗ be a point such that BICA∗ is a parallelogram. Prove that the midpoint
of segment Y A∗ lies on the excircle of the triangle touching the side BC.

10.5 The incircle of a right-angled triangle ABC touches the hypothenuse AB at point T . The squares
AT M P and BT N Q lie outside the triangle. Prove that the areas of triangles ABC and T P Q are
equal.

10.6 A point P lies on one of medians of triangle ABC in such a way that ∠P AB = ∠P BC = ∠P CA.
Prove that there exists a point Q on another median such that ∠QBA = ∠QCB = ∠QAC.

10.7 Let ABC be a triangle with ∠A = 60◦ ; AD, BE, and CF be its bisectors; P, Q be the projections
of A to EF and BC respectively; and R be the second common point of the circle DEF with
AD. Prove that P, Q, R are collinear.

10.8 The common tangents to the circumcircle and an excircle of triangle ABC meet BC, CA, AB at
points A1 , B1 , C1 and A2 , B2 , C2 respectively. The triangle ∆1 is formed by the lines AA1 , BB1 ,
and CC1 , the triangle ∆2 is formed by the lines AA2 , BB2 , and CC2 . Prove that the circumradii
of these triangles are equal.

© 2024 AoPS Incorporated 5

Art of Problem Solving is an ACS WASC Accredited School.