Introduction to Artificial

Intelligence

By
Zafar Iqbal

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 Artificial Intelligence - Fields & Branches
• Generative AI

• Computer Vision

• Speech

• Natural Language Processing

• Extract Data & Insights

• Responsible AI

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 Generative AI
Generative AI is a branch of AI that enables software applications to
generate new content; often natural language dialogs, but also images,
video, code, and other formats.

Text
Prompt

Image

LLM Based processing

Video
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 Generative AI – Use cases
• Chatbots and AI Agents:

• Written Content:

• Image Generation:

• Music and Audio:

• Video Creation:

• Translation:

• Software Development

• Bug fixing

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 Computer Vision
Image classification: A form of computer vision in which a model is trained with
images that are labeled with the main subject of the image.

Dog Bird
Object detection: Object detection is a form of computer vision in which the
model is trained to identify the location of specific objects in an image.

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Dog, Bird
 Computer Vision – Use cases
• Auto-captioning or tag-generation for photographs.

• Security video monitoring.

• Authentication through facial recognition.

• Robotics and self-driving vehicles.

• Disease detection in medical images.

• Patient Monitoring

• Supply Chain Tracking.

• Monitoring stock levels or identifying items for checkout in

retail scenarios.

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 AI Speech
AI Speech allows computers to understand, generate, and communicate in
human language using voice.

Speech Recognition

Speech Synthesis

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 Speech Recognition

Machine readable text

Speech
Recognition
Process

Speech recognition: It is the ability of AI to "hear"

and interpret speech. This capability takes the form of
speech-to-text (where the audio signal for the speech is
transcribed into text).
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 Speech Synthesis

Text

Speech
Synthesis

Speech Synthesis: It is the ability of AI to vocalize

words as spoken language. This capability takes the form
of text-to-speech in which information in text format is
converted into an audible signal.
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 AI Speech – Use cases
• Virtual Assistants:

•Customer Service:

•Content Creation:

•Real-time Translation:

• Accessibility/Patient Assistance:

•Automating audio descriptions of video or text.

• Automated speech translation between languages.

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 NLP ( Natural Language Processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is a branch of artificial intelligence that
helps computers understand, interpret and manipulate human language

Besides Gen AI models, NLP language models can be more cost-

effective in tasks like,

Entity Extraction.

Sentiment Analysis.

Text Classification.

Language Detection.

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 Entity Extraction
Identifying mentions of entities like people, places, organizations in a
document.

John visited London with ABC Bank delegation.

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 Sentiment Analysis
Determining whether a body of text is positive, negative, or neutral and
inferring opinions.

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 Text Classification
Assigning document to a specific category.

Inbox

Classifier
Spam folder

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 Language Detection
Identifying the language in which text is written.

English

Language
detection Chinese

Spanish

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 NLP – Use cases
• Customer Sentiment Analysis.

• Clinical Documentation.

• Clinical Decision Support.

• Chatbots and Virtual Agents.

• Risk Management in Business.

• Investment Research.

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 Extract Data & Insight
AI data extraction retrieves valuable information from various sources like
documents, images and structures it.

Optical Character Recognition: The basis for most document analysis

solutions is a computer vision technology called optical character
recognition (OCR)..

PDF Documents
Machine readable

Scanned
Documents
OCR

Images

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 Data Extraction – Use cases

• Automated processing of Claim forms, Invoices and

receipts.

• Digitization of any paper forms like Census form.

• Digitize Patient charts and Medical reports.

•Digitizing Books and Libraries.

• Indexing documents for search.

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 Responsible AI
• Fairness. unconscious bias that may cause a model to produce
discriminatory outputs.

• Reliability and Safety: AI powered applications need mitigate risks.

• Privacy and security. AI developers need to ensure that the training

data is kept secure.

•Inclusiveness. AI developers should strive to ensure that their

solutions don't exclude some users.

• Transparency. Make users aware of how the system works and any
potential limitations it may have.

• Accountability: The people and organizations that develop and

distribute AI solutions are accountable for their actions.
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 Aassignment

Do some research on each AI Fields and familiarize yourself

before deep dive in next lectures.

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