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? Cryptographic Hash Functions

A hash function generates a fixed-length output, known as a hash or digest, from any input. Cryptographic hash functions possess properties such as determinism, fast computation, irreversibility, collision resistance, and the avalanche effect. Common hash algorithms include MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, and SHA-3, with applications in password storage, data integrity verification, digital signatures, and blockchain technology.

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10 views1 page

? Cryptographic Hash Functions

A hash function generates a fixed-length output, known as a hash or digest, from any input. Cryptographic hash functions possess properties such as determinism, fast computation, irreversibility, collision resistance, and the avalanche effect. Common hash algorithms include MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, and SHA-3, with applications in password storage, data integrity verification, digital signatures, and blockchain technology.

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Iniyavanibtech
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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🔐 Cryptographic Hash Functions – Basics

✅ What is a Hash Function?

A hash function takes any input (text, file, password, etc.) and produces a fixed-length output, called
a hash or digest.

✅ Properties of Cryptographic Hash Functions:

1. Deterministic: Same input always gives the same output.

2. Fast Computation: Hash value is generated quickly.

3. Irreversible (One-way): You can't get the original data from the hash.

4. Collision-resistant: No two different inputs should produce the same hash.

5. Avalanche effect: A small change in input drastically changes the output.

✅ Common Hash Algorithms:

 MD5 (128-bit, but outdated and insecure now)

 SHA-1 (160-bit, also weak now)

 SHA-256 (256-bit, secure and widely used)

 SHA-3 (next-gen, highly secure)

✅ Applications:

 Password storage (store hash instead of plain text)

 Data integrity verification (file checksums)

 Digital signatures

 Blockchain (e.g., Bitcoin uses SHA-256

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