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Secure Hash Functions

Secure Hash Functions (SHFs) are cryptographic functions that convert any input into a fixed-size output securely. Key properties include determinism, fast computation, pre-image resistance, second pre-image resistance, collision resistance, and the avalanche effect. Popular SHFs include SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-512, SHA-3, and BLAKE2, each with varying levels of security and output sizes.

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2 views

Secure Hash Functions

Secure Hash Functions (SHFs) are cryptographic functions that convert any input into a fixed-size output securely. Key properties include determinism, fast computation, pre-image resistance, second pre-image resistance, collision resistance, and the avalanche effect. Popular SHFs include SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-512, SHA-3, and BLAKE2, each with varying levels of security and output sizes.

Uploaded by

Iniyavanibtech
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Secure Hash Functions

ChatGPT said:

Great! Let's explore Secure Hash Functions, first in English and then in Tamil for better
understanding.

🔐 Secure Hash Functions (SHFs)

A Secure Hash Function is a special kind of cryptographic function that turns any input (text, file,
etc.) into a fixed-size output — usually called a hash or digest — in a secure way.

✅ Key Properties of Secure Hash Functions:

1. Deterministic

o Same input always gives the same output.

2. Fast Computation

o Hashes should be quick to compute for any input.

3. Pre-image Resistance

o Given a hash, it should be very hard to find the original input.

4. Second Pre-image Resistance

o Given one input and its hash, you shouldn't be able to find a different input with the
same hash.

5. Collision Resistance

o No two different inputs should result in the same hash.

6. Avalanche Effect

o Small changes in input should cause big changes in output.

🔐 Popular Secure Hash Functions:

Algorithm Output Size Notes

SHA-1 160 bits Deprecated (not secure now)

SHA-256 256 bits Strong, widely used

SHA-512 512 bits Higher strength

SHA-3 256–512 bits Newer standard, very secure

BLAKE2 Variable Fast and secure alternative

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