MA4102 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS

MODEL II EXAM DETAILED ANSWER

PART A
1. x 2

If u  xy  yz  , then find ux  u y
2
2x
u x  1 y  0   y  x , u y  x 1  1 z  0  x  z,
2 (1+1)
u x  u y  ( y  x)   x  z   y  z
2. 𝒙𝟒 +𝒚𝟒 𝝏𝒖 𝝏𝒖
If 𝒖 = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 ( ), find 𝒙 𝝏𝒙 + 𝒚 𝝏𝒚
𝒙+𝒚
𝑥 4 +𝑦 4
Solution: Given 𝑢 = log ( ) . Here u is not a homogeneous function.
𝑥+𝑦
𝑥 4 +𝑦 4
Now, taking exponential on the both sides, 𝑒 𝑢 =
𝑥+𝑦
𝑥 4 +𝑦 4
Let 𝑧(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑢 =
𝑥+𝑦
Put 𝑥 = 𝑡𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑦
(𝑡𝑥)4 +(𝑡𝑦)4 𝑡 4 (𝑥 4 +𝑦 4 ) (𝑥 4 +𝑦 4 )
∴ 𝑧(𝑡𝑥, 𝑡𝑦) = = = 𝑡3 (𝑥+𝑦)
= 𝑡 3 𝑧(𝑥, 𝑦)
𝑡𝑥+𝑡𝑦 𝑡(𝑥+𝑦)
∴ 𝑧 is a homogeneous function of degree 3. (1 M)
∴ By Euler’s theorem,
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
𝑥 +𝑦 = 𝑛𝑧
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕(𝑒 𝑢 ) 𝜕(𝑒 𝑢 )
𝑥 +𝑦 = 3𝑒 𝑢
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑥𝑒 + 𝑦𝑒 = 3𝑒 𝑢
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑥 +𝑦 =3 (1 M)
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

3 dz
Find when z  x 2  3xy 2 , x  e , y  e  .
d
Solution: Given z  x2  3xy 2 , x  e , y  e
dz z dx z dy
 .  . (1 M)
d x d y d

1
  (2 x  3 y 2 )(e )  (6 xy )(e  )
 (2e  3(e ) 2 )(e )  (6e e  ) e   
 (2e  3e2 )(e )  6e  (1 M)
2  
 2e  3e  6e
 2e2  3e
4 Find Taylor’s series expansion of x y near the point (1,1) up to first degree terms.
Solution: The Taylor’s series expansion near the point (1,1) is
f  x, y   f 1,1   x –1 f x 1,1   y – 1 f y 1,1  
f  x, y   x y f 1,1  1  1
1

f x  x, y   yx y 1 f x 1,1  11  11  1 1

11
1
0

log 1  0
f y  x, y   x log x f y 1,1  1 log 1  1 0   0
y 1

f  x, y  1   x –11   y –1 0  ...

1  x  1  ...
f  x, y   x  ... (1+1)

5 State the properties of Jacobian.

Solution:
(i) If u and v are functions of r and s, r and s are functions of x and y then,
 (u, v)  (r , s) (u, v)

 ( r , s )  ( x, y )  ( x, y )
 (u, v)  ( x, y )
(ii) If u and v are functions of x and y then, 1 (i.e) JJ ' = 1
 ( x, y )  (u, v)
(iii) If u, v, w are functionally dependent functions of three independent variable x, y, z
 (u, v, w)
then 0 (1+1)
 ( x, y , z )
6   10 x 
 2sec 2 x dx
4
Evaluate

 10 x  2sec 2 x dx   10 x 4 dx   2sec2 xdx  10 x dx  2 sec xdx

4 4 2
Solution:
 x 41   x5 
 10    2 tan x  c  10    2 tan x  c
 4 1   5 
  10 x 4  2 sec 2 x dx  2 x 5  2 tan x  c (1+1)
7  2
x
Evaluate    dx
 3
Solution:

2
 x
2
x x  
2
    dx     c
a 3
WKT,  a x dx  (2 M)
log a 3 2
log  
3
e x 
8 Evaluate    dx by substitution method
 x 
 
e x 
Solution: Let I     dx
 x
 
Put u  x 
du d

dx dx
x 
du
 

dx 2 x
1
 du 
dx
2 x
(1 M)

 I   eu 2du  2 eu du  2eu  c  2e x
c (1 M)
9  /2
Evaluate  x 3 cos xdx
 /2
Solution:
a
 f ( x)dx  0 if f ( x) is odd, Here x cosx is odd function of x hence (1 M)
3

a
 /2
 x3 cos xdx  0 (1 M)
 /2
1
10 dx
Determine whether integral  1  x is convergent or divergent
0

Solution:
1
dx t
dx  log(1  ) 
 1  x  lim  lim  log(1  x) 0  lim  log(1  t )  log(1  0)     
t

t  1  x
0 0
t  t 
 0
Hence the integral is divergent (2 M)
PART B
11. a(i)  x 2z 2z
For the given function z  tan 1   , verify whether the statement 
 y x y y x
is correct or not.
Solution:
Given
x 2 z 2 z
z  tan 1   , we have to verify 
 y xy yx
z   1  x     1  x   z  u
  tan      tan    Let u = 
x x 
x
 tan 1 u .  
 y   x   y  y x u x
 u 1 
 dx  tan x   1  x 2 & u = y  x  y 
d 1 1 x
 

3
 z 1  1 1 1 1  1
        
x 1  u 2  y   x   y  1  x   y 
2 2

1    2
 y y 
1  1 y
 2   2
y  x  y  x  y2
2
 
y2

2 z

 
x 2  y 2 1  y(2 y) x 2  y 2  2 y 2
 
x2  y 2
.....(1) (4 M)
xy      
2 2 2
x2  y 2 x2  y 2 x2  y 2

z   1  x     1  x  
  tan      tan   
y y   y   y   y 
z   v   v  x 
Let v =
x
y
 
x  v
tan 1 v .   
y  
 d
dx
tan 1 x   1
1 x 2
x
&v =   2 
y y y 
z 1  x  1 x  1  x 
     2   2
y 1  v 2  y 2   x   y  1  x   y 
2 2

1    2
 y y 
1  x  x
 2  2 
 2
y  x  y  x  y2
2
 
y2

2 z

 
x 2  y 2 (1)  ( x)(2 x)  x 2  y 2  2 x 2
 
x2  y 2
....(2)
yx      
2 2 2
x2  y 2 x2  y 2 x2  y 2

2 z 2 z
From (1) & (2)  (4 M)
xy yx
11. Find the Jacobian of y1 , y2 , y3 with respect to x1 , x2 , x3 if
a(ii) x x x x x x
y1  2 3 , y2  1 3 , y3  1 2 .
x1 x2 x3
Solution:
y1  2 3 y1 
xx  x2 x3 y1 x3 y1 x2
 
x1 x x 2
1 x x 1 x x 2 1 3 1

y2 
x1 x3 y2 x3 y2  x1 x3 y2 x1
  
x2 x1 x2 x2 x2 2 x3 x2
y3 
x1 x2 y3 x2 y3 x1 y3  x1 x2
  
x3 x1 x3 x2 x3 x3 x32

4
 y1 y1 y1  x2 x3 x3 x2
x1 x2 x3 x12 x1 x1
  y1 , y2 , y3  y2 y2 y2 x3  x1 x3 x1
  (6 M)
  x1 , x2 , x3  x1 x2 x3 x2 x2 2 x2
y3 y3 y3 x2 x1  x1 x2
x1 x2 x3 x3 x3 x32
 x2 x3   x1 x3  x1 x2   x1 x1   x3  x3  x1 x2   x2 x1   x2  x3 x1   x2  x1 x3  
  . 2    .      . 2    .     .    . 2  
x12  x2 2 x3   x3 x2   x1  x2 x3   x3 x2   x1  x2 x3   x3 x2  

 x2 x3  x12 x2 x3   x12   x3   x1 x2 x3   x1 x2   x2  x1 x3   x1 x2 x3  
             
x12  x2 2 x32   x2 x3   x1  x2 x32   x2 x3   x1  x2 x3   x2 2 x3  
   x 2 x 2 x 2   x 2 x x     x x x 2   x x x    x x x   x x 2 x  
  12 22 32    12 2 3     1 2 32    1 2 3     1 2 3    1 2 2 3  
 x1 x2 x3   x1 x2 x3    x1 x2 x3   x1 x2 x3    x1 x2 x3   x1x2 x3  
 1 1 1 1 1 1  4 (2 M)
11.b(i)  y x z x 2 u 2 u 2 u
If u  f  ,  , then find x x  y y  z z .
 xy xz 
Solution: Let z = f (r, s)
yx zx
r s
xy xz
r xy(1)   y  x  y  xy  y 2  xy s xz  1   z  x  z  xz  z 2  xz
   
x x2 y 2 x2 y 2 x x2 z 2 x2 z 2
r  y 2 1 s  z 2 1
   
x x 2 y 2 x 2 x x 2 z 2 x 2
r xy (1)   y  x  x xy  xy  x 2
 
y x2 y 2 x2 y 2 s
0
r x 2
1 y
 2 2  2
y x y y
s xz 1   z  x  x xz  zx  x 2 x2
  
r z x2 z 2 x2 z 2 x2 z 2
0
z s 1

z z 2
(4 M)
To find:
u u u
x2  y2  z2
x y z

5
 u u r u s u u r u s u u r u s
 .  .  .  .  .  .
x r x s x y r y s y z r z s z
u u  1  u  1  u u u  1  u u u 1
 .  2   . 2    0   2   . 0 . 2
x r  x  s  x  y s r  y  z r s z
 1   u u  u  1  u 1
  2  +    
r  y 2 
 . 2
 x   r s  s z

u u u  1  u u  u  1  2 u 1
 x2  y2  z2  x 2  2  +   y 2   z .
x y z  x  r s  r  y 2  s z 2
u u u u u u u
x2  y2  z2     0 (4 M)
x y z r s r s
11. Let u  3x  2y  z, v  x  2y  z and w  x(x  2y  z) . Are u, v, w functionally
b(ii) related? If so find the relation?
Solution: Consider u  3x  2y  z, v  x  2y  z and w  x(x  2y  z)

u  3x  2y  z, v  x  2y w  x 2  2xy  xz
u v w
ux  3 vx  1 wx   2x  2y  z
x x x
u v w
uy  2 vy   2 wy   2x
y y y
u v w
uz   1 vz  1 wz   x
z z z
ux uy uz
 (u, v, w)
 vx vy vz
 (x, y, z)
wx wy wz
3 2 1
 1 2 1
(6 M)
2x  2y  z 2x  x
 3(2x  2x)  2(  x  (2x  2y  z))  1(2x  ( 2)(2x  2y  z))
 3(0)  2( x  2x  2y  z)  (2x  4x  4y  2z))
 6x  4y  2z  6x  4y  2z
0
Hence they are functionally dependent
Now,
u  3x  2y  z    (1)
v  x  2y  z    (2)
w  x(x  2y  z)    (3)
Squaring & subtracting (1) and (2) we get

6
 (a  b  c)2  a 2  b2  c2  2ab  2bc  2ac, we have
u 2  v 2  (3x  2y  z) 2  (x  2y  z) 2
 (3x) 2  (2y) 2  z 2  2(3x)(2y)  2(2y)( z)  2(3x)( z) 
 (x) 2  (2y) 2  z 2  2(x)( 2y)  2( 2y)(z)  2(x)(z) 
 9x 2  4y 2  z 2  12xy  4yz  6xz  x 2  4y 2  z 2  4xy  4yz  2xz

 8x 2  16xy  8xz
 8x(x  2y  z)  8w (2 M)
 u 2  v 2  8w

12. a(i) Obtain the Taylor’s series expansion of ex sin y in powers of x and y up to third degree
terms.
Solution:
f  x, y   e x sin y f  0,0  0

f x  x, y   ex sin y f x  0,0  0

f y  x, y   e x cos y f y  0,0  1

f xy  x, y   e x cos y f xy  0,0  1

f xx  x, y   e x sin y f xx  0,0  0

f yy  x, y   e x sin y f yy  0,0  0

f xxx  x, y   e x sin y f xxx  0,0  0

f xxy  x, y   e x cos y f xxy  0,0  1

f yyx  x, y   e x sin y f yyx  0,0  0

f yyy  x, y   e x cos y f yyy  0,0  1

Taylor’s series about (𝑎, 𝑏) (5 M)

f  x, y   f  a, b    x  a  f x  a, b    y  b  f y  a, b  
1
  x  a  f xx  a, b   2  x  a  y  b  f xy  a, b    y  b  f yy  a, b 
2 2

2! 
1
  x  a  f xxx  a, b   3  x  a   y  b  f xxy  a, b   3  x  a  y  b  f xyy  a, b    y  b  f yyy  a, b 
3 2 2 3

3! 
...

7
 f  0, 0   f  0, 0    xf x  0, 0   yf y  0, 0  
1 2
  x f xx  0, 0   2 xyf xy  0, 0   y 2 f yy  0, 0  
2!
1 3
  x f xxx  0, 0   3x 2 yf xxy  0, 0   3xy 2 f xyy  0, 0   y 3 f yyy  0, 0    ...
3!
1 2
f  0, 0   0   x  0   y 1    x  0   2 xy 1  y 2  0  
2! 
1 3
  x  0   3x 2 y 1  3 y 2 x  0   y 3  1   ... (2 M)
3!
1 2 1
f  0, 0   y  xy  x y  y 3  ... (1 M)
2 6
12. du
a(ii) Find , if u  xy  yz  zx where x  t , y  e t , z  t 2 .
dt
Solution: Given u  xy  yz  zx where x  t , y  et , z  t 2
du u dx u dy u dz
 .  .  .
dt x dt y dt z dt
u  xy  yz  zx xt y  et z  t2
u dz
u u  yx dx dy  2t
 yz  xz z 1  et dt
x y dt dt

(6 M)
du
dt
 
  y  z 1   x  z  et   y  x  2t 

     
 et  t 2  t  t 2 et  et  t  2t  
 et  t 2  tet  t 2 et  2tet  2t 2
 3t 2  et  3tet  t 2et

 3t 2  et 1  3t  t 2  (2 M)
12.b(i) If z  f (x, y) where x  eu  e v and y  e u  e v then show that
z z z z
x y  
x y u v
Given x  eu  e v and y  e u  e v

x  eu  e v and y  e u  e v
x y
 eu   e u
u u
x y
 e v  ev
v v

8
 z z x z y z z x z y
Now  .  . &  .  . (3 M)
u x u y u v x v y v
z z u z z u z u
 .e  .( e u )  .e  .e    (1) (1 M)
u x y x y
z z z z z
 .( e v )  .( ev )   .e v  .ev    (2) (1 M)
v x y x y
(1) - (2)
z z z u z u  z v z v 
  .e  .e    .e  .e 
u v x y  x y 
z z z v z v
 .eu  .e u  .e  .e
x y x y
z u v z v u (3 M)
 ( e e )  ( e  e )
x y
z u v z u
 ( e  e )  ( e  ev )
x y
z z z z
 x y
u v x y
12. b(ii)   u, v 
If u  2 xy, v  x 2  y 2 and x  r cos , y  r sin , find
  r , 

Solution : Given u  2xy, v  x2  y 2 , and x  r cos , y  r sin 

u u v v
ux  2y uy   2x vx   2x vy   2 y
x y x y

By the properties of Jacobian,

(u, v) (u, v) ( x, y )
 . (1 M)
(r , ) ( x, y) (r ,  )
u u
 (u, v) ux uy x y 2 y 2 x
    4 y 2  4 x 2  4( x 2  y 2 ) (3 M)
 ( x, y ) v x vy v v 2 x 2 y
x y
 (u, v)
[ x 2  y 2   r cos     r sin    r 2 cos 2   r 2 sin 2 
2 2
   4r 2
 ( x, y )
 r 2 (cos 2   sin 2  )  r 2 (1)  r 2 ]
Since x  r cos , y  r sin 

9
 x x y y
xr   cos  x    r sin  yr   sin  y   r cos 
r  r 

 ( x, y ) xr cos  r sin 
  r cos 2     r sin 2    r  sin 2   cos 2   r (1)  r
x (3 M)
 
 ( r ,  ) yr y sin  r cos 
(u, v) (u, v) ( x, y)
     4 r 2  r   4r 3 (1 M)
(r , ) ( x, y) (r , )
13.a (i) Find the extreme values of f  x, y   x 3  y 3  12 x  3 y  20
Solution:
Given f  x, y   x3  y3 12x  3 y  20
f 
f x  x, y     x3  y 3  12 x  3 y  20   3x 2  12
x x
2 f   f  
f xx  x, y   2      3x 2  12   6 x  0  6x
x x  x  x
f 
f y  x, y     x3  y 3  12 x  3 y  20   0  3 y 2  0  12  0  3 y 2  3
y y
2 f   f  
f yy  x, y   2      3 y 2  3  6 y  0  6y
y y  y  y
2 f   f  
f xy  x, y        3 y 2  3  0  0  0 (3 M)
xy x  y  x
To find stationary points:
f x  x, y   0 f y  x, y   0

3x2  12  0 3y2  3  0
3  x2  4  0 3  y 2  1  0

x 2
 4 
0
3
0 y 2
 1 
0
3
0

x2  4  0 y 2 1  0
x2  4 y2  1
Taking square root on both side Taking square root on both side

x2   4 y2   1
x  2 y  1

x  2, 2 y  1,1
The Stationary points are  2, 1 ,  2, 1 ,  2,1 ,  2,1 (2+3 M)

  f xx f yy   f xy  Extrem
2
Stationa Extreme Values
f xx  6 x
ry points e Point f  x, y   x3  y3  3x 12 y  20

10
 f xx  6  2 f  2, 1
 6 x  6 y    0 
2

 2, 1 Max   2    1  12  2   3  1  20

 3

  12  6    0  point
2
 8  1  24  3  20
 12  0  72  0  38

 6 x  6 y    0 
2
f xx  6  2
 2, 1  12  6    0 
2 Saddle
point
-
 12  0  72  0
f xx  6  2  6 x  6 y    0 2
 2,1   12  6    0  point
2 Saddle
-

 12  0  72  0
f  2,1
 6 x  6 y    0 
2
f xx  6  2
  2   1  12  2   3 1  20
 3

 2,1  12  6    0 
2
Min
point  8  1  24  3  20
 12  0  72  0 2
13. a Find the shortest and longest distances from the point (1,2,-1) to the sphere
(ii) x 2  y 2  z 2  24.
Solution:
Let (x, y, z) be any point on the sphere x2  y 2  z 2  24.
The distance from (1, 2, 1) to ( x, y, z) is

 x  1   y  2    z  1
2 2 2
d

d 2   x  1   y  2    z  1
2 2 2

Now, Optimize d 2   x  1   y  2    z  1  f ( x, y, z ); subject to

2 2 2

g ( x, y, z)  x2  y 2  z 2  24  0;
Let F  f   g
  x  1   y  2    z  1   (x 2 +y 2 +z 2 - 24)
2 2 2

F
 2( x  1)  2 x  0....................(1)
x
F
 2( y  2)  2 y  0....................(2)
y
F
 2( z  1)  2 z  0....................(3)
z
F
 x 2 +y 2 +z 2 -24=0....................(4) (2 M)

( x  1)
(1)  2( x  1)  2 x   .....................................(5)
x

11
 ( y  2)
(2)  2( y  2)  2 y   ..........................................(6)
y
( z  1)
2( z  1)  2 z   ................................(7)
z
By Comparing (5),(6),(7)
( x  1) ( y  2) ( z  1)
 
x y z
1 2 1
1  1  1
x y z
1 2 2 1 1 1
 1  1 , 1  1 , 1  1
x y y z z x
1 2 2 1 1 1
  ,   , 
x y y z z x
1 2 2 1 1 1
  ,   , 
x y y z z x
 y  2x ,  2 z  y, x   z .................(8) (2 M)
Now substitute all the values (8) in (4)
x 2 +y2 +z2 = 24
x 2 +(2x)2 +x 2 = 24
x 2 +4x 2 +x 2 = 24
6x 2 = 24
x2  4
x  2
substitute all the values x  2 in (8)
if x=2, then (x, y, z)=(2,4,-2)
if x=-2, then (x, y, z)=(-2,-4,2) (1+1 M)

 2  1   4  2    2  1
2 2 2
At (2, 4, -2), d 

d 6 (1 M)

 2  1   4  2    2  1
2 2 2
At (-2, -4, 2), d 

d  54  3 6 (1 M)
Therefore, the Shortest and Longest distances are 6 and 3 6 respectively.
13 b(i)
 sin
n
Establish a reduction formula xdx
Solution:
n1
 sin xdx   sin x sin xdx
n

u  sin n1 x dv  sin xdx

12
 du

dx dx
d
 sin n1 x    n  1 sin n2 x cos x  dv   sin xdx
du   n 1 sin n2 x cos xdx v   cos x
(3 M)
 sin
n
x dx  sin n1
x   cos x      cos x  n 1 sin n 2
x cos xdx
  cos x sin n1 x   n 1  sin n2 x cos2 xdx  cos 2 x  1  sin 2 x 
  cos x sin n 1 x   n  1  sin n  2 x 1  sin 2 x  dx
  cos x sin n 1 x   n  1   sin n  2 x  sin n  2 x sin 2 x  dx
  cos x sin n 1 x   n  1   sin n 2 x  sin n 2 2 x  dx
  cos x sin n 1 x   n  1   sin n  2 x  sin n x  dx (3 M)

 sin xdx   cos x sin x   n 1  sin xdx   n 1  sin xdx
n n1 n2 n

 sin xdx   n 1  sin xdx   cos x sin x   n 1  sin xdx
n n n1 n 2

 sin xdx  n sin xdx   sin xdx   cos x sin x   n 1  sin xdx
n n n n1 n 2

n sin n xdx   cos x sin n1 x   n 1  sin n2 xdx

1 n 1  n  1 n2
 sin xdx  n cos x sin x  n  sin xdx
n
(2 M)
13 b(ii) 6x  5
Evaluate  6  x  2 x2
dx

Solution:
6x  5
 6  x  2x2
dx

Let 6 x  5  A(Differentiation of Denominator)+B

6 x  5  A(1  4 x)+B (1 M)
3 13
Equating the coefficient A  ,B  (2 M)
2 2
3 13
6x  5 1  4x 
 6  x  2 x2 dx   2 6  x  2 x22 dx
3 1  4 x  dx  13 1

2  6  x  2x 2 2  6  x  2x2
dx

6x  5 13  4x 1 
 dx  3 6  x  2 x 2  sin 1  C (2+3 M)
6  x  2x 2
2 2  7 

14 a(i)
Evaluate  e ax sinb x dx by using integration by parts.
Solution:
u  sinb x dv  eax dx

13
 du d
  sinb x   b cosb x  dv   e
ax
dx
dx dx
e ax
du  b cosb xdx v
a
(3 M)
ax ax
e e
e
ax
sinb xdx   sinb x 
 b cosb xdx
a a
1 b
 eax sinb x   eax cosb xdx      1
a a
To find  e cosb xdx
x

u  cosb x dv  eax dx
du d
  cosb x   b sinb x  dv   e
ax
dx
dx dx
e ax
du  b sinb xdx v
a
(3 M)
ax ax
e e
e
ax
cosb xdx  cosb x    b sinb x  dx
a a
eax b
 cosb x   eax sinb xdx -------- (2)
a a
Substitute (2) in (1)
1 ax b  eax b 
I  e sinb x   cosb x  I       1
a a a a 
1 ax b eax b2
I  e sinb x  cosb x  2 I
a a a a
b2 1 ax b eax
I I  e sinb x  cosb x
a2 a a a
 a 2  b 2  1 ax b e ax
I 2   e sinb x  cosb x
 a  a a a

 a 2  1 ax b eax
I  2 2 
e sinb x  cosb x
 a b  a a a

 eax   2 1 b 
I  2 2 
a sinb x  a 2 2 cosb x 
 a  b  a a 
 eax 
2 
I  2 a sinb x  b cosb x   C
 a b 
 eax 
2 
Hence  eax sinb xdx   2 a sinb x  b cosb x   C (2 M)
 a b 

14
 14 a 
dx
(ii) Evaluate  and determine whether it is convergent or divergent.
3  x  2
3/2

Solution:

 b b
dx dx 3/2
Let I    lim   lim  x  2 dx (3 M)
3  x  2 3/2 b 3  x  2 3/2 b 3

b b
 3/21
  1/2

  x  2    x  2   2 
b
 lim    lim    lim   (3 M)
 b  x  2 3
b 3 b 1
  1   
 2 3  2 3
 2 2 
 lim   2 (1 M)
b  b  2 3 2 
Hence the given integral is convergent. (1 M)

 
14 b (i)
Evaluate  1  x 2 e 2 x dx
Solution:

u  1  x2 dv  e2x dx

e2 x e2 x e2 x

u  2 x, u  2, u  0  dv   e dx  v 
2 x
, v1  , v2 
2 4 8

 udv  uv  uv  uv 1 2  u v3  ...

e2 x  e2 x   e2 x 

 
1  x 2 e2 x dx  1  x 2   2
  2 x  
 4    2   
   8 
e 2 x xe 2 x e 2 x
 
1  x 2 e 2 x dx   1  x 2   2

2

4
e2 x
 1  x e
2 x  2 1
2
dx   x  1  x  2 
2

e2 x
 
  1  x 2 e2 x dx 
2
 2 1
 x  x  2   C (8 M)

14 b(ii)  /2
Evaluate  sin 4 dx
 /2
Solution:
a a
 f ( x)dx  2  f ( x) if f ( x) is even, Here sin 4 x is even function of x
a 0

15
  /2  /2
 sin 4 dx  2  sin 4 dx (3 M)
 /2 0
By Reduction Formula,
 /2
n 1 n  3 1
 sin dx  n n  2 .... 2 2 if n is even
n
(2 M)
0
 /2
  31 3
 sin dx  2  4 2 2   8
4
2 (3 M)
0  
15 a(i) x
Evaluate   x  1 x  2  x  3  dx by partial fraction method.

Solution:

x A B C
   …………. (1) (1 M)
 x  1 x  2  x  3 x  1 x  2 x  3
x  A  x  2 x  3  B  x 1 x  3  C  x 1 x  2 ………………………. (2)
1
Put x  1 in (2)  A 
2
Put x  2 in (2)  B  2
3
Put x  2 in (2)  C  (3 M)
2

Substitue A, B & C values in (1)

1 3
x 2
 2   2 (1 M)
 x  1 x  2  x  3 x  1 x  2 x  3
x 1 1 1 3 1
  x  1 x  2 x  3 dx  2  x  1 dx  2 x  2 dx  2  x  3 dx
x 1 3
  x  1 x  2 x  3 dx  2 log( x  1)  2log( x  2)  2 log( x  3)  C (3 M)

15 a  /3
dx
(ii) Evaluate  1  tan x .
 /6
Solution:
 /3
dx
Let I  
 1
/6 tan x
 /3  /3  /3
dx dx cos xdx
  /6 sin x  /6 cos x  sin x  /6 cos x  sin x          1 (2 M)
1
cos x cos x

16
   
 /3 cos    x dx
3 6 
 
 /6      
cos    x   sin    x 
3 6  3 6 
 b a



 f  x  dx   f  a  b  x  dx 
a a

 
 /3 cos   x dx
2 


    
(2 M)
/6
cos   x   sin   x 
2  2 
 /3
sin xdx
        2
/6 sin x  cos x
     
 sin  2  x   cos x, cos  2  x   sin x 
     
Adding (1) and (2), we get
 /3
 cos x   /3
 sin x 
I  I     dx   
 sin x  cos x  dx
(2 M)
 /6  cos x  sin x   /6  
 /3
 cos x sin x 
     dx
 /6  cos x  sin x sin x  cos x 
 /3
 /3
 cos x  sin x    2   
 dx   dx   x  /6   
 /3
2 I    
 /6  cos x  sin x   /6 3 6 6 6

2I 
6

I
12
 /3
dx 
 
 1
/6

tan x 12
(2 M)

15 b (i)
Evaluate  a 2  x 2 dx by using substitution rule.
Solution: Consider I   a 2  x 2 dx
dx d
Take x  a sin     a sin    a cos   dx  a cos  d (2 M)
d d

 a 2  x 2 dx    
a 2  a 2 sin 2  a cos  d

 a  
a 2 1  sin 2    cos d
  
 a  a 1  sin 2  cos  d cos   1  sin 2  
 a 2   cos   cos  d

17
  1  cos 2 
 a 2  cos 2  d  cos 2    (2 M)
 2 
 1  cos 2 
 a2    d
 2 
2
a
  1  cos 2  d
2

a2
2 

d   cos 2 d 
a2  sin 2 
    sin 2  2sin  cos 
2  2 
a2  2 sin  cos  
   
2 2 
2
a
   sin  cos   (2 M)
2
x x
x  a sin   sin      sin 1  
a a
a2  x2 1 2
2
x
cos   1  sin   1    
2
 a  x2
a
2
a a
a2 a2
  
   sin  cos  
2 2
a2  x  a  x  a  x 
2 2 2
 sin 1      
2  a  2  a   a 

a2 x x 2
  a 2  x 2 dx 
2
sin 1   
a 2
a  x2  c (2 M)

15.b(ii) (𝑥+2)𝑑𝑥
Evaluate ∫ (𝑥2 +3𝑥+3)
√𝑥+1
Solution:
(𝑥+2)𝑑𝑥
∫ (𝑥 2 +3𝑥+3)√𝑥+1
𝑃𝑢𝑡 𝑥 + 1 = 𝑡 2  𝑥 + 2 = 𝑡 2 + 1 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑡 𝑑𝑡 (2 M)
(𝑥+2)𝑑𝑥 (𝑡 2 +1)2𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝐼 = ∫ (𝑥 2 +3𝑥+3) 𝑥+1 = ∫ 2 2
√ ((𝑡 −1) +3 (𝑡 2 −1))+3 √𝑡 2
(𝑡 2 +1 )𝑑𝑡 (𝑡 2 +1)𝑑𝑡 1+1/𝑡^2
= 2 ∫ 𝑡 4 −2𝑡 2 +1+3𝑡 2 −3+3 = 2 ∫ 𝑡 4 +𝑡 2 +1) = 2 ∫ 𝑡 2 +1+1/𝑡^2 𝑑𝑡
1+1/𝑡^2
∴ 𝐼 = 2∫ 1 2 2
𝑑𝑡 (3 M)
(𝑡− ) +(√3)
𝑡
1 1
𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑢 = 𝑡 − 𝑡 𝑑𝑢 = (𝑡 + 𝑡 2 ) 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑢
∴ 𝐼 = 2∫ 2
𝑢2 +(√3)

1 𝑢
=2 tan−1 3 + 𝑐
√3 √
2 2
−1 𝑡 −1 2 𝑥
= tan ( ) + 𝑐 = 3 tan−1 ( 3 𝑥+1) + 𝑐 (3 M)
√3 √3 𝑡 √ √ √

18