Outline

• Factory method
• Adapter
More Design Patterns • Observer
• Composite

CS 3331

Fall 2006

Bouncing Ball Creating Different Balls

public class BouncingBall extends java.applet.Applet {
• To bounce different types of balls private Ball ball;
private static final String BALL_TYPE = “circle”;
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BouncingBall Ball public BouncingBall() {
draw()
if (“circle”.equals(BALL_TYPE)) {
ball = new Circle();
} else if (“rectangle”.equals(BALL_TYPE)) {
ball = new Rectangle();
} else {
ball = new Circle();
Circle Rectangle }
draw() draw() }
// the rest of code …
}

Q: What’s the problem with this kind of code?

A Better Way of Creating Balls Example (Cont.)

How to bounce a triangle ball?
public class TriangleBouncingBall extends BouncingBall {

protected Ball createBall() {

return new Triangle();
}

private static class Triangle implements Ball {

public void draw() { /* … */ }
// the rest of code here …
}
}

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 Factory Method Outline
To define an interface for creating an object, but let Factory method
subclasses to decide which class to instantiate.
• Adapter
Product
AbstractClass
factoryMethod()
• Observer
operation() p = factoryMethod();
• Composite
ConcreteClass
ConcreteProduct factoryMethod() return new ConcreteProduct();

Bouncing Cars Adapter

How to bounce instances of the class Car? To convert the interface of a class into another
interface that clients expect.
public class BouncingCar extends BouncingBall {

protected Ball createBall() {

return new Car();
BounceableCar(); Target Adaptee
} Client
} operation() operation()

public class BounceableCar extends Car implements Ball {

Adapter
public void draw() { /* … */ }
operation() adaptee.operation();
// the rest of code here …
}
}

Adapter (Cont.) Outline

Factory method
Adapter
Target Adaptee
Client
operation() operation() • Observer
• Composite

Adapter

2
A Closer Look at JButton Static Structure
How the button events (e.g., clicking) are
handled?
listeners 0..*
JButton ActionListener
addActionListener() actionPerformed()
JButton button = new JButton(“Ok”);
removeActionListener()
button.addActionListener(new OkButtonListener());
fireActionPerformed()
…

private class OkButtonListener implements ActionListener {

OkButtonListener
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { for each l in listeners
actionPerformed()
System.out.println(“Ok button pressed!”); l.actionPerformed(e);
}
}

Dynamic Behavior Outline

button : JButton l : OkButtonListener Factory method
Adapter
addActionListener(l)

e : ActionEvent
Observer
<<create>>

• Composite
fireActionPerformed(e)

actionPerformed(e)

getSource()

Composite Design Pattern Example

• To allow clients to treat both single components and Composing GUI
collections of components identically
• To define recursive data structures such as trees public class MyApplet extends java.applet.Applet {
public MyApplet() {
add(new Label(“My label”));
uses * add(new Button(“My button”));
Client Component
Panel myPanel = new Panel();
operation() myPanel.add(new Label(“Sublabel”));
myPanel.add(new Button(“Subbutton”));
add(myPanel);
}
}
Leaf Composite
operation() operation()
add(Component)
remove(Component)

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 AWT Components Bouncing Multiple Balls

Using Composite Pattern (Cont.) Iterator Pattern

public class BallGroup extends Ball { • Intent
private Set balls = new HashSet(); // each b in balls is instanceof Ball – To provide a way to access the elements of a
public void add(Ball b) {
collection sequentially
balls.add(b);
} Iterator
Collection
public void remove(Ball b) { hasNext()
iterator()
next()
balls.remove(b);
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {
for (Iterator i = balls.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) { ConcreteCollection ConcreteIterator
((Ball) i.next()).draw(g); iterator() <<create>> hasNext()
} next()
}
}
return new ConcreteIterator()

Factory Design Pattern Example

• Intent • Complex numbers
– To decouple object creation from its use and to
support different way of creating objects
– To define an interface for creating objects but let ComplexFactory
subclasses decide which class to instantiate and makeComplext()
how Complex

Product
Client AbstractFactory
makeProduct() <<create>>
PolarFactory PolarComplex
makeComplex()

create
ConcreteFactory ConcreteProuct <<create>>
RectangularFactory RectangularComplex
makeProduct()
makeComplex()

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 Template Methods Template Methods (Cont.)
• Intent • Terminology
– To define a skeleton algorithm by – Hook methods: placeholders for the
deferring some steps to subclasses behaviour to be implemented by
– To allow the subclasses to redefine subclasses
certain steps
– Template methods: methods containing
AbstractClass
… hook methods
hookMethod1()
templateMethod() … – Hot spots: changeable behaviours of
hookMethod1() hookMethod2()
hookMethod2() … generic classes represented by hook
methods
ConcreteClass – Frozen spots: fixed behaviours of generic
hookMethod1() classes represented by template methods
hookMethod2()

More Example
• Generic function plotter
– To plot arbitrary single-variable functions
on a two-dimensional space
Applet Plotter
func()
paint() …
plotFunction() func()
plotCoordinates() …

PlotSine PlotCosine
func() func()