MOST ASKED - 40

Interview Questions
Q 1. What is Java?
Ans: Java is a high-level, object-oriented
programming language developed by Sun
Microsystems that enables the development of
platform-independent applications.

Q 2. What are the 4 pillars of OOP concepts in

Java?
Ans: Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, and
Abstraction.

Q 3. What is the difference between JDK and

JRE?
Ans: The JDK (Java Development Kit) is used by
developers for creating Java applications and
includes the necessary tools, libraries, and
compilers. The JRE (Java Runtime
Environment) is used by end-users to run Java
applications and provides the runtime
environment and essential class libraries, but
does not include development tools.

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 Q 4. What are the different components of the
Java platform?
Ans: It is a field (or collection of fields) in one table, that
refers to the PRIMARY KEY in another table

Q 5. Reverse a String without using built-in

methods
Ans:

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 Q 6. Check if a number is Prime
Ans:

Q 7. Fibonacci Series (Iterative)?

Ans:

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Q 8. Why java is platform independent?
Ans: Java's most unique feature is its platform
independence. Unlike other languages that
compile source code into platform-specific
executables, Java compiles code into .class files
containing bytecode. This bytecode is
interpreted by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM),
which is available on all major platforms. As a
result, Java code compiled on Windows can run
on Linux or any other platform with a JVM.

Q 9. What is difference between c++ and Java ?

Ans: Java C++

Java is platform
C++ is platform dependent.
independent

There are no pointers in java There are pointers in C++.

There is no operator C ++ has operator

overloading in java overloading.

There is garbage collection in There is no garbage

java collection

Does’nt support
Supports multithreading
multithreading

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Q 10. What is bytecode in java ?
Ans: When a javac compiler compiler compiles a class
it generates .class file. This .class file contains set of
instructions called byte code. Byte code is a
machine independent language and contains set
of instructions which are to be executed only by
JVM. JVM can understand this byte codes.

Q 11.Difference between this() and super()

in java ?
Ans: this() is used to access one constructor from
another with in the same class while

super() is used to access superclass constructor.

Either this() or super() exists it must be the first
statement in the constructor.

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Q 12. What is JIT compiler ?
Ans: Java JIT compiler or Just-In-Time compiler is one
of the key parts of Java Runtime Environment (JRE).
Its role is the compilation of bytecode to native
machine code when it's in runtime. As a result, the
overall performance of the Java apps is optimized.

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Q 13. Difference between overriding and
overloading in java?
Ans: Overriding:
Overriding occurs when a subclass provides a
specific implementation of a method that is
already defined in its superclass. The method in
the subclass must have the same name, return
type, and parameters as the method in the
superclass. It is used to achieve runtime
polymorphism.

Overloading:
Overloading happens when multiple methods in
the same class have the same name but different
parameter lists (different type or number of
parameters). It is used to increase the readability
of the program and is resolved at compile time.

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Q 14. What is multithreading in Java?
Ans: Multithreading is a process in which a Java
program is divided into multiple smaller parts
called threads. These threads run parallelly and
simultaneously, allowing tasks to be performed
concurrently. The main purpose of multithreading
in Java is to create lightweight threads that share
the same memory space, enabling better use of
the system's processing power and improving the
performance of applications.

Q 15. What is classloader?

Ans: A Class Loader in Java is a part of the Java
Runtime Environment (JRE) that loads classes into
memory when required during the execution of a
program. It is responsible for dynamically loading,
linking, and initializing classes and interfaces.
Java uses three main types of class loaders:
Bootstrap ClassLoader
Extension ClassLoader
System/Application ClassLoader

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Q 16. What is Java enum?
Ans: An enum (short for enumeration) in Java is a
special data type that represents a group of
named constant values. It was introduced in Java 5
to provide a type-safe way to define and use
constants. Enums are declared using the enum
keyword, and the constant values are separated by
commas.

Q 17. What is the difference between equals()

method and equality (==) operator in Java?
Ans:

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Q 18. How Lambda expressions and functional
interface are interrelated?
Ans: We can call the functional interface a large platform
that comes with numerous expressions. The lambda
expressions are one such part of this interface. This
is the interrelation between the two.
Q 19. What are the roles of final, finally, and
finalize keywords in Java?
Ans:

Q 20. What is the difference between a class

and an object?
Ans: A class is a blueprint or template for creating
objects.
An object is an instance of a class, representing
a real-world entity.

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Q 21. What is inheritance in Java?
Ans: Inheritance is a mechanism where a child class
inherits properties and methods from a parent
class using the extends keyword.
It promotes code reuse.

Q 22. What is polymorphism?

Ans: Polymorphism means many forms. It allows a
single method name to behave differently
based on the object.

Compile-time polymorphism: Method

overloading.
Runtime polymorphism: Method overriding.

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Q 23. What is encapsulation?
Ans: Encapsulation is the process of wrapping data
and code together into a single unit (class).

It hides the data from outside access using

private variables and public getters/setters.

Q 24. What is abstraction?

Ans: Abstraction is the process of hiding complex
implementation and showing only essential
features. It is achieved using abstract classes
and interfaces.
Q 25. What is the difference between abstract
class and interface?
Ans:

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Q 26. Can Java support multiple inheritance?
Ans: Java does not support multiple inheritance with
classes to avoid ambiguity.

it allows multiple inheritance using interfaces.

Q 27. What is method overloading and method

overriding?
Ans: Overloading: Same method name with different
parameters (compile-time polymorphism).
Overriding: Subclass redefines parent class
method with the same signature (runtime
polymorphism).

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 Q 28. Can we write any code after throw
statement?
Ans: After throw statement jvm stop execution and
subsequent statements are not executed. If we
try to write any statement after throw we do
get compile time error saying unreachable
code.
Q 29. Can we nested try statements in java?
Ans: Yes try statements can be nested. We can declare
try statements inside the block of another try
statement.

Q 30. What is a constructor?

Ans: A special method used to initialize objects.

Q 31. What is the default value of the local

variables?

Ans: The local variables are not initialized to any

default value, neither primitives nor object
references.

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Q 32. What is an object?
Ans: An object in Java is a runtime instance of a class
that encapsulates state and behavior. It
represents a real-world entity and serves as the
fundamental building block of object-oriented
programming.

Q 33. What are the advantages of Packages in

Java?
Ans: There are various advantages of defining
packages in Java.

o Packages avoid the name clashes.

o The Package provides easier access control.
o We can also have the hidden classes that are
not visible outside and used by the package.
o It is easier to locate the related classes.

Q 34. Can you make a constructor final?

Ans: No, the constructor can't be final.

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Q 35. what will happen when a constructor is
declared as protected?
Ans: When a constructor is protected, it can be
accessed only within the same package or by
subclasses (even if they are in different
packages).
It restricts object creation from other classes.
Q 36. What is the static method?

Ans: A static method belongs to the class rather than

an instance. It can be called without creating an
object of the class and can only access other
static members directly.

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Q 37. Why is the main method static?
Ans: Because the object is not required to call the static
method. If we make the main method non-static,
JVM will have to create its object first and then call
main() method which will lead to the extra memory
allocation

Q 38. What is the static block?

Ans: A static block is a block of code inside a class that is
executed only once when the class is loaded into
memory

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Q 39. Which class is the superclass for all the
classes?
Ans: The object class is the superclass of all other
classes in Java.

Q 40. What is the difference between

System.out, System.err, and System.in?

Ans: System.out: Regular output (e.g., program

results).
System.err: Error output (e.g., exceptions or
error messages).
System.in: Input (e.g., reading data from the
user).

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