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Remainder and Factor Theorem

The Remainder Theorem states that when a polynomial f(x) is divided by (x - a), the remainder is f(a). The Factor Theorem indicates that if f(a) equals 0, then (x - a) is a factor of the polynomial. Examples illustrate how to find remainders and factors using specific polynomials.

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Piupa Banerjee
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21 views1 page

Remainder and Factor Theorem

The Remainder Theorem states that when a polynomial f(x) is divided by (x - a), the remainder is f(a). The Factor Theorem indicates that if f(a) equals 0, then (x - a) is a factor of the polynomial. Examples illustrate how to find remainders and factors using specific polynomials.

Uploaded by

Piupa Banerjee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Remainder and Factor Theorem

Remainder Theorem:
If f (x), a polynomial in x, is divided by (x – a); the remainder is equal to f (a).
For example:
 If f (x) is divided by (x – 3), the remainder is f (3)
 If f (x) is divided by (x + 3), the remainder is f (-3)
Steps for finding the remainder:
 Find the remainder when the polynomial f (x) = 𝑥 2 – 8x + 4 is divided by (x – 1)
Step 1: Equate the divisor to zero and solve the equation so obtained to get the value of the
variable.
Here (x – 1) is the divisor. Equating x − 1 = 0, we get x = 1.
Step 2: Substitute the value of the variable obtained in step 1, in the given polynomial and
simplify it to get the required remainder.
Remainder = f (1) = (1)2 – 8 (1) + 4 = –3.
Factor Theorem:
When a polynomial f (x) is divided by (x – a), the remainder is equal to f (a). If the remainder f
(a) is equal to 0, then (x – a) is a factor of the polynomial f(x).
For example: Consider the polynomial f (x) = 𝑥 2 – 5x + 6 divided by (x – 3)
 The remainder obtained is equal to f (3) = 9 – 15 + 6 = 0.
 Therefore, (x – 3) is a factor of the given polynomial.
Factor theorem can be used to factorize a given polynomial.
 If for a polynomial f (x), f (a) is equal to 0, then (x – a) is a factor of the polynomial.
For example: Consider the polynomial f (x) = 𝑥 2 – 7x + 10
f (2) = 4 – 14 + 10 = 0
So (x – 2) is a factor of the given polynomial.

Similarly f (5) = 25 – 35 + 10 = 0
So (x – 5) is another factor of the given polynomial.
∴ f (x) = 𝑥 2 – 7x + 10 = (x – 2) (x – 5)

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