R18 B.Tech.

CSE Syllabus JNTU HYDERABAD

CS614PE: MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT (Professional Elective - III)

III Year B.Tech. CSE II-Sem LTPC
3003
Prerequisites
1. Acquaintance with JAVA programming
2. A Course on DBMS
Course Objectives
 To demonstrate their understanding of the fundamentals of Android operating systems
 To improves their skills of using Android software development tools
 To demonstrate their ability to develop software with reasonable complexity on mobile
platform
 To demonstrate their ability to deploy software to mobile devices
 To demonstrate their ability to debug programs running on mobile devices
Course Outcomes
 Student understands the working of Android OS Practically.
 Student will be able to develop Android user interfaces
 Student will be able to develop, deploy and maintain the Android Applications.
UNIT - I
Introduction to Android Operating System: Android OS design and Features – Android
development framework, SDK features, Installing and running applications on Android Studio,
Creating AVDs, Types of Android applications, Best practices in Android programming, Android
tools
Android application components – Android Manifest file, Externalizing resources like values,
themes, layouts, Menus etc, Resources for different devices and languages, Runtime
Configuration Changes
Android Application Lifecycle – Activities, Activity lifecycle, activity states, monitoring state
changes

 Introduction to Android Operating System

What is Android?

• A software platform and operating system for mobile devices

• Based on the Linux kernel

• Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)

• Allows writing managed code in the Java language

Unveiling of the Android platform was announced on 5 November 2007 with the founding of
OHA

History of Android

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 • Google acquired the startup company Android Inc. in 2005 to start the development of
the Android Platform. The key players at Android Inc. included Andy Rubin, Rich Miner,
Nick Sears, and Chris White.

• In late 2007, a group of industry leaders came together around the Android Platform to
form the Open Handset Alliance (http://www.openhandsetalliance.com).

• The Android SDK was first issued as an “early look” release in November 2007.

• In September 2008 T-Mobile announced the availability of the T-Mobile G1, the first
smart phone based on the Android Platform.

• A few days after that, Google announced the availability of Android SDK Release
Candidate 1.0.

• In October 2008, Google made the source code of the Android Platform available under
Apache’s open source license.

What is Open Handset Alliance?

• Quoting from www.OpenHandsetAlliance.com page

• “… Open Handset Alliance™, a group of 47 technology and mobile companies

have come together to accelerate innovation in mobile and offer consumers a
richer, less expensive, and better mobile experience.

• Together they have developed Android™, the first complete, open, and free mobile
platform.

• They are committed to commercially deploy handsets and services using the
Android Platform. “

• It's a consortium of several companies

 Open Handset Alliance Members

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  Phones -- HTC G1, Droid, Tattoo, Motorola Droid (X), Samsung Galaxy, e.t.c

 Tablets -- Velocity Micro Cruz, Gome FlyTouch, Cisco Android Tablet, e.t.c

 Hardware -- Android is not a single piece of hardware; it's a complete, end-to-end

software platform that can be adapted to work on any number of hardware
configurations. Everything is there, from the bootloader all the way up to the
applications.

Android’s Context: Mobile Market Player$

Stakeholders:

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 • Mobile network operators want to lock down their networks, controlling and metering
traffic.

• Device manufacturers want to differentiate themselves with features, reliability, and

price points.

• Software vendors want complete access to the hardware to deliver cutting-edge

applications.

The Maturing Mobile Experience

• Tomorrow?

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Android vs. Competitors

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  Android OS design and Features

Platform - The Android Software Stack

 Android S/W Stack – Application

• Android provides a set of core applications:

 Email Client

 SMS Program

 Calendar

 Maps

 Browser

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  Contacts

 Etc

• All applications are written using the Java language.

 Android S/W Stack – App Framework

• Most of the application framework accesses these core libraries through the Dalvik VM ,
the gateway to the Android Platform

Feature Role

View Used to build an application, including lists, grids, text

System boxes, buttons, and embedded web browser

Content Enabling applications to access data from other

Provider applications or to share their own data

Resource Providing access to non-code resources (localized string

Manager , graphics, and layout files)

Notification Enabling all applications to display customer alerts in the status bar
Manager

Activity Managing the lifecycle of applications and providing a common navigation

Manager back stack

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Location Manager

Notification Manager

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 • How background app interact with users

• Consistent notification presentation

View System

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  Android S/W Stack – Libraries

• Including a set of C/C++ libraries used by components of the Android system

• Exposed to developers through the Android application framework

• The media libraries are based on PacketVideo’s (http://www.packetvideo.com/)

OpenCORE. These libraries are responsible for recording and playback of audio and
video formats.

• A library called Surface Manager controls access to the display system and supports 2D
and 3D.

• The WebKit library is responsible for browser support; it is the same library that
supports Google Chrome and Apple Inc.’s Safari.

• The FreeType library is responsible for font support.

• SQLite (http://www.sqlite.org/) is a relational database that is available on the device

itself. SQLite is also an independent open source effort for relational databases and not
directly tied to Android. You can acquire and use tools meant for SQLite for Android
databases as well.

 Android S/W Stack – Runtime

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 • Core Libraries

 Providing most of the functionality available in the core libraries of the Java
language

 APIs

 Data Structures

 Utilities

 File Access

 Network Access

 Graphics

 Etc

• The Dalvik runtime is optimized for mobile applications

 Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format

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 o .dex format is optimized for minimal memory footprint.

o Compilation

 Relying on the Linux Kernel for:

o Threading

o Low-level memory management

 Android applications are compiled to Dalvik byte code

 Android S/W Stack – Linux Kernel

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  Relying on Linux Kernel 2.6 for core system services

o Memory and Process Management

o Network Stack

o Driver Model

o Security

 The supplied device drivers include Display, Camera, Keypad, Wi-Fi, Flash Memory,
Audio, and IPC (inter process communication).

 Providing an abstraction layer between the H/W and the rest of the S/W stack

Platform

Network Connectivity

It supports wireless communications using:

 GSM mobile-phone technology

 4G

 Edge

 802.11 Wi-Fi networks

Software development

Development requirements

• Java

• Android SDK

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  SDK features

IDE and Tools

Android SDK

• Class Library

• Developer Tools

• Emulator and System Images

• Documentation and Sample Code

Eclipse IDE + ADT (Android Development Tools)

• Reduces Development and Testing Time

• Makes User Interface-Creation easier

• Makes Application Description Easier

Advantages

Here are a few other advantages Android offers you as a developer:

• The Android SDK is available for Windows, Mac and Linux, so you don’t need to pay
for new hardware to start writing applications.

• An SDK built on Java. If you’re familiar with the Java programming language, you’re
already halfway there.

• By distributing your application on Android Market, it’s available to hundreds of

thousands of users instantly. You’re not just limited to one store, because there are
alternatives, too. For instance, you can release your application on your own blog.
Amazon have recently been rumored to be preparing their own Android app store
also.

• As well as the technical SDK documentation, new resources are being published for
Android developers as the platform gains popularity among both users and developers.

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