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Normalisation Test For Cluster Feb 2020 - Memo

The document is a memo for a Grade 12 Normalisation Test focused on database normalization concepts. It includes definitions, examples, and criteria for different normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF), as well as explanations of data anomalies and redundancy. The memo also outlines the structure of a database table in 3NF and provides a framework for assessing employee course enrollment and data management within a company.

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5 views3 pages

Normalisation Test For Cluster Feb 2020 - Memo

The document is a memo for a Grade 12 Normalisation Test focused on database normalization concepts. It includes definitions, examples, and criteria for different normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF), as well as explanations of data anomalies and redundancy. The memo also outlines the structure of a database table in 3NF and provides a framework for assessing employee course enrollment and data management within a company.

Uploaded by

shavat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Information Technology

Grade 12
Normalisation Test

MEMO

Employees of company A to Zee are encouraged to study various courses as part of the company’s
investment in people policy. Employees will get rebated for every course that they score 75% and
above. Each employee could enrol for as many courses as they like provided that the maximum
number of students for a particular class is not reached.

1. Define the term normalisation. (2)


Normalisation is a technique for designing relational database tables to minimize
duplication of information and, in so doing, to safeguard the database against certain types
of logical or structural problems, namely data anomalies. 

2. Non-atomic data
2.1. Give an example of a non-atomic field in the given table. (1)
EmpName. 
2.2. Describe how you would change the field so that it is atomic
It can be split up into empSurname and empFirstname.  (1)

3. What are the criteria for a table to be in 1NF? (2)


Primary key
No Repeating Groups

4. When a table is in 1NF, this leads to data redundancy.


4.1. What is redundant data? (1)
Data redundancy is a condition created within a database in which the same piece of
data is held in two separate places (repeating values in a field). 
4.2. Give an example of redundant data in the table above and explain why it is redundant? (2)
e.g. EmpName where it is repeated for the same person, same information repeated
for each course the employee register for.  or other suitable one

5. Anomalies:
5.1. When a database is planned certain anomalies may occur. Name and briefly explain three
anomalies that occur when designing a database. (9)
Update Anomaly: Occurs when we need to update the same
data in more than one place
Example – giving a salary increase to employee 1000 forces us to update multiple
records 

Deletion Anomaly: Occurs when a deletion causes loss of data unnecessarily


Example – if we remove employee 1400, we lose information about the existence
of a Tax Acc class 
Insertion Anomaly: Occurs when we add a record and it does not satisfy the
design or the primary key requirements
Example – can’t enter a new employee without having the employee take a
class/new courses don’t exist until someone take it 

6. Duplicate data is different from redundant data and is allowed.


6.1. What is duplicate data? (1)
When a record has the same value for a field in another record. 
6.2. Give an example of duplicate data in the table above and explain why it is regarded as duplicate
date. (2)
DeptName:  Two people can work in the same department.or
study the same course: CourseID.

7. What are the criteria for a table to be in…


7.1. …2NF? (2)
In 1NF 
No partial dependencies. 
7.2. …3NF? (2)
In 2NF 
No transitive dependencies. 

8. What is a transitive dependency? (1)


When a field’s value is dependent on a non-key field

9. Assume the Prim Key is EmpID and Course ID combined. Use a dependency diagram of the table
and show all dependencies. (8)

1 mark for each of the groups: Partial, Partial, Transitive, Compound


1 mark for correct fields in grouping
10. Write the table in 3NF (use relation format). (6)
Employees (EmpID, EmpName, EmpSurname, DeptName, Salary) 
Courses (CourseID, CourseTitle, ClassNo) Class No (FK) 
Results (EmpID, CourseID, Result) PK
ClassCapacity (ClassNo, Capacity) 
[Total: 40]

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