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17.LambdaFunctionsinPython-JupyterNotebook

The document provides a comprehensive tutorial on lambda functions in Python, explaining their syntax, usage, and various applications such as filtering, mapping, and list comprehensions. It includes multiple code examples demonstrating how to define and utilize lambda functions for mathematical operations and data manipulation. Additionally, it covers advanced topics like using lambda with higher-order functions and the functools library.

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sedoy82871
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3 views

17.LambdaFunctionsinPython-JupyterNotebook

The document provides a comprehensive tutorial on lambda functions in Python, explaining their syntax, usage, and various applications such as filtering, mapping, and list comprehensions. It includes multiple code examples demonstrating how to define and utilize lambda functions for mathematical operations and data manipulation. Additionally, it covers advanced topics like using lambda with higher-order functions and the functools library.

Uploaded by

sedoy82871
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Tutorial

17. Lambda Functions in Python


A lambda function is a small anonymous function.
A lambda function can take any number of arguments, but can only have one
expression. The expression is evaluated and returned.
Lambda functions can be used wherever function objects are required.
Lambda expressions (or lambda functions) are essentially blocks of code that can be assigned
to variables, passed as an argument, or returned from a function call, in languages that support
high-order functions.
They have been part of programming languages for quite some time.
The main role of the lambda function is better described in the scenarios when we employ them
anonymously inside another function.
In Python, the lambda function can be utilized as an argument to the higher order functions as
arguments.
In [1]:

1 # Define a function using 'def'


2 def f(x):
3 return x + 6
4 print(f(3.14))
5
6 # Define the same function using 'lambda'
7 f = lambda x: x+6
8 print(f(3.14))

9.14
9.14

In [2]:

1 # Define a function using 'def'


2 def f(x, y):
3 return x + y
4
5 print('The sum of {} and {} is'.format(3.14, 2.718), f(3.14, 2.718))
6
7 # Define the same function using 'lambda
8 f = lambda x, y: x+y
9 print(f'The sum of pi number and euler number is {f(3.14, 2.718)}.')

The sum of 3.14 and 2.718 is 5.8580000000000005


The sum of pi number and euler number is 5.8580000000000005.
In [3]:

1 # Calculate the volume of a cube using def and lambda functions


2 # def function
3 def cube_volume_def(a):
4 return a*a*a
5
6 print(f'The volume of a cube using def function is {cube_volume_def(3.14)}.')
7
8 # lambda function
9 cube_volume_lambda = lambda a: a*a*a
10 print(f'The volume of a cube using lambda function is {cube_volume_lambda(3.14)}.')

The volume of a cube using def function is 30.959144000000002.


The volume of a cube using lambda function is
30.959144000000002.

Multiplication table

In [16]:

1 def mult_table(n):
2 return lambda x:x*n
3
4 n = int(input('Enter a number: '))
5 y = mult_table(n)
6
7 print(f'The entered number is {n}, which is a perfect number.')
8 for i in range(11):
9 print(('%d x %d = %d' %(n, i, y(i))))

The entered number is 6, which is a perfect number.


6x0=0
6x1=6
6 x 2 = 12
6 x 3 = 18
6 x 4 = 24
6 x 5 = 30
6 x 6 = 36
6 x 7 = 42
6 x 8 = 48
6 x 9 = 54
6 x 10 = 60

filter()

In [5]:

1 # This program returns a new list when the special numbers in the list are divided by 2 and the remainder is equal to
0
2 special_nums = [0.577, 1.618, 2.718, 3.14, 6, 28, 37, 1729]
3 new_list = list(filter(lambda x:(x%2==0), special_nums))
4 new_list

Out[5]:

[6, 28]
map()

In [6]:

1 # This program will multiplicate each element of the list with 5 and followed by power of 2.
2 special_nums = [0.577, 1.618, 2.718, 3.14, 6, 28, 37, 1729]
3 non_special_nums_1 = list(map(lambda x: x*5, special_nums))
4 print(non_special_nums_1)
5 non_special_nums_2 = list(map(lambda x: pow(x, 2), special_nums))
6 print(non_special_nums_2)

[2.885, 8.09, 13.59, 15.700000000000001, 30, 140, 185, 8645]


[0.332929, 2.6179240000000004, 7.387524, 9.8596, 36, 784, 1369, 2989441]

List comprehensions

In [7]:

1 nums = [lambda a=a:a+3.14 for a in range(5)]


2 for num in nums:
3 print(num())

3.14
4.140000000000001
5.140000000000001
6.140000000000001
7.140000000000001

lambda function with if/else

In [8]:

1 age = int(input('Enter an age: '))


2 print(f'The entered age is {age}.')
3 vote = lambda age: print('Therefore, you can use a vote.') if (age>=18) else print('Therefore, you do not use a vote.')
4 vote(age)

The entered age is 18.


Therefore, you can use a vote.

lambda function usage with multiple statements


In [9]:

1 special_nums = [[0.577, 1.618, 2.718, 3.14], [6, 28, 37, 1729]]


2 special_nums_sorted = lambda a: (sorted(i) for i in a)
3
4 # Get the maximum of special numbers in the list
5 special_nums_max = lambda a, f: [y[len(y)-1] for y in f(a)]
6 print(f'The maximum of special numbers in each list is {special_nums_max(special_nums, special_nums_sorted)}.')
7
8 # Get the minimum of special numbers in the list
9 special_nums_min = lambda a, f: [y[len(y)-len(y)] for y in f(a)]
10 print(f'The minimum of special numbers in each list is {special_nums_min(special_nums, special_nums_sorted)}.')
11
12 # Get the second maximum of special numbers in the list
13 special_nums_second_max = lambda a, f: [y[len(y)-2] for y in f(a)]
14 print(f'The second maximum of special numbers in each list is {special_nums_second_max(special_nums, special_nu

The maximum of special numbers in each list is [3.14, 1729].


The minimum of special numbers in each list is [0.577, 6].
The second maximum of special numbers in each list is [2.718, 37].

Some examples

In [10]:

1 def func(n):
2 return lambda x: x*n
3
4 mult_pi_number = func(3.14)
5 mult_euler_constant = func(0.577)
6
7 print(f'The multiplication of euler number and pi number is equal to {mult_pi_number(2.718)}.')
8 print(f'The multiplication of euler number and euler constant is equal to {mult_euler_constant(2.718)}.')

The multiplication of euler number and pi number is equal to 8.53452.


The multiplication of euler number and euler constant is equal to 1.5682859999999998.

In [20]:

1 text = 'Python is a programming language.'


2 print(lambda text: text)

<function <lambda> at 0x000001CF331ECEE0>

In [12]:

1 text = 'Python is a programming language.'


2 (lambda text: print(text))(text)

Python is a programming language.


1 # Multiplication of pi number and 12 in one line using lambda function
2 print((lambda x:x*3.14) (12))
3 # Division of pi number and 12 in one line using lambda function
4 print((lambda x: x/3.14) (12))
5 # Addition of pi number and 12 in one line using lambda function
6 print((lambda x: x+3.14) (12))
7 # Subtraction of pi number and 12 in one line using lambda function
8 print((lambda x: x-3.14) (12))
9 # Remainder of pi number and 12 in one line using lambda function
10 print((lambda x: x%3.14) (12))
11 # Floor division of pi number and 12 in one line using lambda function
12 print((lambda x: x//3.14) (12))
13 # Exponential of pi number and 12 in one line using lambda function
14 print((lambda x: x**3.14) (12))

37.68
3.821656050955414
15.14
8.86
2.5799999999999996
3.0
2446.972635086879

In [14]:

1 # Using the function reduce() with lambda to get the sum abd average of the list.
2 # You should import the library 'functools' first.
3 import functools
4 from functools import *
5 special_nums = [0.577, 1.618, 2.718, 3.14, 6, 28, 37, 1729]
6 total = reduce((lambda a, b: a+b), special_nums)
7 print(f'The sum and average of the numbers in the list are {total} and {total/len(special_nums)}, respectively.')

The sum and average of the numbers in the list are 1808.0529999999999 and 226.00662499999999, res
pectively.
In [15]:

1 help(functools)

Help on module functools:

NAME
functools - functools.py - Tools for working with functions and callable objects

MODULE REFERENCE
https://docs.python.org/3.10/library/functools.html (https://docs.python.org/3.10/library/functo
ols.html)

The following documentation is automatically generated from the Python


source files. It may be incomplete, incorrect or include features that
are considered implementation detail and may vary between Python
implementations. When in doubt, consult the module reference at the
location listed above.

CLASSES
builtins.object
cached_property
partial

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