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linux commands

The document provides a comprehensive list of various command-line utilities categorized into file utilities, text processing utilities, shell utilities, system information and process management, permissions and ownership, networking and remote access, and additional utilities. Each category includes commands with brief descriptions of their functionalities. This serves as a quick reference for users to understand and utilize these commands effectively.

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phanisrinivassabnaveesu
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5 views4 pages

linux commands

The document provides a comprehensive list of various command-line utilities categorized into file utilities, text processing utilities, shell utilities, system information and process management, permissions and ownership, networking and remote access, and additional utilities. Each category includes commands with brief descriptions of their functionalities. This serves as a quick reference for users to understand and utilize these commands effectively.

Uploaded by

phanisrinivassabnaveesu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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📁 File Utilities

●​ cp – Copy files and directories​

●​ mv – Move or rename files and directories​

●​ rm – Remove files or directories​

●​ mkdir – Create new directories​

●​ rmdir – Remove empty directories​

●​ ls – List directory contents​

●​ touch – Create empty files or update timestamps​

●​ ln – Create hard or symbolic links​

●​ stat – Display detailed file information​

●​ realpath – Resolve absolute file


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📝 Text Processing Utilities


●​ cat – Concatenate and display file contents​

●​ cut – Remove sections from each line of files​

●​ sort – Sort lines of text files​

●​ uniq – Filter out repeated lines in a file​

●​ head – Output the first part of files​

●​ tail – Output the last part of files​


●​ wc – Count words, lines, and bytes in files​

●​ tr – Translate or delete characters​

●​ split – Split files into pieces​

●​ paste – Merge lines of


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⚙️ Shell Utilities
●​ echo – Display a line of text​

●​ printf – Format and print data​

●​ date – Display or set the system date and time​

●​ sleep – Delay for a specified amount of time​

●​ env – Display or modify environment variables​

●​ basename – Extract filename from a path​

●​ dirname – Extract directory path from a filename​

●​ seq – Generate sequences of numbers​

●​ yes – Output a string repeatedly​

●​ timeout – Run a command with a time


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🖥️ System Information & Process Management


●​ uname – Display system information​

●​ uptime – Show how long the system has been running​

●​ whoami – Display the current user ID​

●​ id – Display user and group IDs​

●​ ps – Report process status​

●​ top – Display active processes​

●​ kill – Send signals to processes​

●​ nice – Run a program with modified scheduling priority​

●​ df – Report disk space usage​

●​ du – Estimate file space usageZentyal Linux


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🔐 Permissions & Ownership


●​ chmod – Change file permissions​

●​ chown – Change file owner and group​

●​ chgrp – Change group ownership​

●​ umask – Set default permissions for new files​

●​ stat – Display file


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🌐 Networking & Remote Access
●​ ping – Check network connectivity​

●​ curl – Transfer data from or to a server​

●​ wget – Download files from the web​

●​ ssh – Secure Shell for remote login​

●​ scp – Securely copy files between hosts​

●​ netstat – Display network connections​

●​ traceroute – Trace the route to a


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🧰 Additional Utilities
●​ tar – Archive files​

●​ gzip / gunzip – Compress or decompress files​

●​ zip / unzip – Compress or extract ZIP archives​

●​ find – Search for files in a directory hierarchy​

●​ grep – Search text using patterns​

●​ diff – Compare files line by line​

●​ awk – Pattern scanning and processing language​

●​ sed – Stream editor for filtering and transforming text

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