PURPOSIVE

COMMUNICATION
MS. VANESSA E. DEL ROSARIO, LPT
 Lesson 1:
COMMUNICATION
PROCESS, PRINCIPLES,
ETHICS, MODE,
CONTEXT
COMMUNICATION is an integral aspect of
living – of being human.
Communication is derived from a
Latin word “communis” which
means common.
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION

Sender 2 Message 3 Channel/Medium

4 Receiver 5 Feedback
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
1. Sender - the person who initiates the communication.
2. Message - the information being conveyed.
3. Channel/Medium - the means by which a message is
transmitted.
4. Receiver - the person who receives and decodes the
message.
5. Feedback - the response or reaction from the
receiver.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF
COMMUNICATION
 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF
COMMUNICATION (cont.)
4. Adjust your speech or writing to
the context of the situation.
5. Work on the feedback given to
you.
PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE ORAL
COMMUNICATION

1. Be clear with your purpose.

2. Be complete with the message
you deliver.
3. Be concise.
PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE ORAL
COMMUNICATION (cont.)

4. Be natural with your delivery.

5. Be specific and timely with
your feedback.
Performance Task: (Role Play)
Perform an interactive role play
demonstrating your understanding of
the communication elements.
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION(cont.)
1. Completeness
The message must be complete and
geared to the receiver‘s perception of the
world. The message must be based on
facts and a complex message needs
additional information and / or explanation.
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION(cont.)

2. Concreteness
Concrete communication is also about a
clear message. This is often supported by
factual material such as research data and
figures. The words used as well as the sentence
structure can be interpreted univocally. Nothing
is left to the imagination.
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION(cont.)

3. Courtesy
It is important to approach the
audience in a friendly and courteous
manner. Use of terms that show respect
for the receiver contribute towards
effective communication.
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION(cont.)
4. Correctness
A correct use of language has the preference. In
written business communication, grammatical errors
must be avoided and stylistic lapses or a wrong use
of verbs are not sufficient either in verbal
communication. A correct use of language increases
trustworthiness and the receiver will feel that they
are taken seriously.
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION(cont.)

5. Clarity
Clear or plain language is
characterized by explicitness, short
sentences and concrete words. Fuzzy
language is absolutely forbidden, as are
formal language and cliché expressions.
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION(cont.)

6. Consideration
In order to communicate
well, it is important to relate to
the target group and be
involved.
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION(cont.)
7. Conciseness
A message is clear when the
storyline is consistent and when this
does not contain any inconsistencies.
When facts are mentioned, it is
important that there is consistent,
supporting information.
 Lesson 2:
MODES OF
COMMUNICATION
MS. VANESSA E. DEL ROSARIO, LPT
3 COMMON MODELS OF COMMUNICATION
1. Aristotle Model of Communication
Ø primarily focused on the speaker and its
speech
Ø no longer requires the feedback of the
audience but rather on the delivery of the
speaker.
Ø it is a speaker centered model as the speaker
plays an important role in communicating.
3 COMMON MODELS OF COMMUNICATION
2. Shannon-Weaver Model
● It is also known as the Mathematical Model
of Communication, was developed by Claude
Shannon and Warren Weaver in 1948.
● It is one of the most influential and
foundational models of communication and is
often used to explain how information is
transmitted from one person to another.
Shannon-Weaver Model
3 COMMON MODELS OF COMMUNICATION

Summary of the Shannon-Weaver Model:

Ø Information Source: Originates the message.
Ø Transmitter (Encoder): Converts the message into a signal.
Ø Channel: The medium through which the message travels.
Ø Receiver (Decoder): Interprets and converts the signal
back into a message.
Ø Destination: The final recipient of the message.
Ø Noise: Distortions or interferences that affect the message.
3 COMMON MODELS OF COMMUNICATION

3. Schramm’s Model
Schramm‘s model of communication
posits that knowledge plays a crucial role
on the communication process.
Schramm’s Model
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE

1. Verbal-Non-Verbal Communication
Effective communication calls for the blending of
these two types. One cannot be separated from the
other.
Example: Door-to-door sales persons who
demonstrate product knowledge can only be effective
if they know how to properly punctuate what they say
with proper gestures and facial expressions.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE

§ Face-to-Face Conversations,
Phone Calls, Meetings,
Presentations, Public
Speaking, Interviews,
Debates, Storytelling,
Teaching, Customer Service
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE

§ Facial Expressions,
Body Language, Eye
Contact, Gestures,
Proxemics (Personal
Space), Haptics
(Touch, Appearance,
Paralinguistics,
Silence
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE

2. Visual Communication
A type of communication that uses
visuals to convey information and/or
messages.
Examples: signs, symbol, imagery, maps,
graphs, charts, diagrams, pictograms,
photos, drawings or illustrations
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE

3. Written Communication
This type involves conveying messages
through written text, and can be formal or
informal depending on the context.

Examples: emails, letters

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE

4. Digital Communication
This encompasses communication through
digital platforms and technology, which can be
synchronous or asynchronous.

Examples: instant messaging, video

conferencing
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO CONTEXT

1. Intrapersonal Communication
Ø intra-means within or inside
Ø talking to oneself

Examples: self-reflection, inner dialogue, goal

setting, self-motivation, emotional regulation,
self-evaluation, personal planning
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO CONTEXT

2. Interpersonal Communication
This type involves direct interaction between two or
more people. It's usually informal and personal.

Examples:
Ø One-on-One Conversations: Discussing a
personal issue with a close friend.
Ø Couple Communication: Planning a vacation with
your partner.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO CONTEXT

3. Dyadic Communication
The communication happens between two persons.
Either way, the source become the receiver and vice
versa because of the dynamic and spontaneous flow
of discourse.
Example:
Ø Patient and Doctor Consultation
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO CONTEXT
4. Small Group /Organizational Communication
This type is specific to communication within an organization and often
involves formal channels. It involves more than two individuals.

Examples:
Ø Team Meetings: Brainstorming ideas for a new project with your
work team.
Ø Study Groups: Discussing and reviewing material with
classmates before an exam.
Ø Internal Memos: Sending a memo to staff about a new company
policy.
Ø Management Reports: Reporting on quarterly results to senior
management.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO CONTEXT

5. Public Communication
This involves addressing a larger audience, often in a
formal or structured setting.

Examples:
Ø Speeches: Delivering a keynote speech at a
conference, SONA
Ø Public Presentations: Presenting research
findings to an audience at a seminar.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO CONTEXT
6. Mass Communication
This involves disseminating information to a large,
often dispersed audience through various media
channels.

Examples:
Ø Television News: Watching a news broadcast on
current events.
Ø Social Media Updates: Posting an announcement
on a company’s social media page.
 Lesson 3:
COMMUNICATION
AND TECHNOLOGY
MS. VANESSA E. DEL ROSARIO, LPT
MEDIATED COMMUNICATION
refers to a communications that happens using the
technological tools of Information and Communication
Technology as a mode of exchanging information to
one person or another.

These includes:
1. Video Communication
2. Audio Communication
3. Text-Based Communication
1. VIDEO COMMUNICATION
Ø It is achieved by using Web cameras to connect two or more parties.
Ø The next best communication option after face-to-face, as you get
most of the same benefits. However, there is always the possibility
of bad connections or other technical issues that hinder the
communication.
Ø If there are no technical glitches encountered, this could be very
effective mode of communication especially for people separated by
distance.

Example: You may engage in a conversation via Skype with you loved
ones especially during significant, meaningful or memorable occasions.
This is a convenient communication mode for people how want to reach-
out to each other despite distance.
2. AUDIO COMMUNICATION
Ø It is a voice-only form of communication, such
as a conversation on a telephone.
Ø An obvious down side of this mode is not
being able to see the body language or cues
of the person you are talking to.
Ø If good listening skills is applied, one may
detect the tone and rising of intonation or
pitch of the voice which may indicate the
feeling or mood of the speaker or listener.
3. TEXT-BASED COMMUNICATION
Ø It includes internet communication, such as email, instant
messaging and forums, text messaging and printed papers.
Ø It does not have the benefits of audio and video, but it is
much easier to distribute information to a large group of
people and save records of the communication

Example:
Ø Like e-mail, text messaging and instant messaging and
social networking site such as Facebook, Twitter and
Instagram likewise offer text-based interaction.
5 CATEGORIES OF BARRIERS
1. Physical Barriers
2. Psychological Barriers
3. Cultural Barrier
4. Language Used
5. Personal Barrier
1. PHYSICAL BARRIER
Ø This barrier includes the defects in
media or the medium for
communication, environment or
geographical location, and physical
disability like in hearing, vision, or
speaking.
2. PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIER
Ø It is the manifestations of human
behavior and attitude when
communicating. These are emotions,
past experiences or trauma, lacks
retention of attention or simply
inattentive, status, and temperament.
3. CULTURAL BARRIER
Ø It include the age and gender of the
person, educational background,
economic status quo, popularity,
religion, political views, and ethics.
4. LANGUAGE USED
Ø As the word posits, it refers to the
contributory factor of the diverse
language across the world, dialect,
and even its accent or the way the
word is uttered. Nonetheless,
colloquial term adds the situation
5. PERSONAL BARRIERS

Ø It refers to the poor listening

skills, egoistic, interpersonal
trust, and ability to
communicate effectively.
C O M M U N I C A T I O N
TECHNOLOGY
Ø It is used for four distinct
types of communication :
1. Human-to-human
communication
2. Human-to-machine
communication
3. Machine-to-human
communication
4. Machine-to-machine
communication