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Projeect Report - Copy

The document is a lab project report on a waveform generator using operational amplifiers, submitted by students of the Bangladesh Army University of Engineering & Technology. It outlines the design, objectives, and features of the project, which aims to generate sine, square, and triangular waveforms with adjustable frequency and amplitude. The report also includes a budget for the project and concludes that the op-amp-based design is effective for educational purposes in electronics laboratories.

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0 views

Projeect Report - Copy

The document is a lab project report on a waveform generator using operational amplifiers, submitted by students of the Bangladesh Army University of Engineering & Technology. It outlines the design, objectives, and features of the project, which aims to generate sine, square, and triangular waveforms with adjustable frequency and amplitude. The report also includes a budget for the project and concludes that the op-amp-based design is effective for educational purposes in electronics laboratories.

Uploaded by

hasanpolasm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bangladesh Army University of Engineering & Technology (BAUET)

Qadirabad Cantonment, Natore-6431

Lab Project Report


On

Waveform Generator Using Operational Amplifier

Submitted By: Submitted To:


Name: Anika Tasnim Ritu
Name: Mahmudul Hasan Polas Designation: Lecturer, Dept. of EEE,
BAUET
ID: 0812310205131032 Name: Md. Roisul Ajom Ruku
Designation: Lecturer, Dept. of EEE,
BAUET

Student of Batch: 17th Department: EEE


Course Code: EEE 2102 Credit Hours: 1.5
Course Title: Electrical Circuits II Sessional Date of Submission:24/05/25
Academic Semester: Fall 2024

Remarks

Date & Signature of Evaluator


2

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EEE)

Table of Contents Page No.


1.Introduction…………………………………………... 3
2. Review of existing project…………………………………………………… 3
3. Critical Analysis and Problem Statement…………………………………………………….. 3-4
4. Objectives……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
5. Required Software & Modern Tools……………………………………………. 4
6.Project Design and Development…………………………………………………………………. 4
7. Noble Features of this project……………………………………………………………………… 5
8. Budget and Cost Management…………………………………………………………………… 5
9. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
10. References………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
3

1. Introduction
Waveform generators are essential components in electronics laboratories
for simulating signals and testing equipment. Op-amps are versatile and
widely used in analog signal processing, making them ideal for waveform
generation. This project demonstrates how op-amps can be used to
generate sine, square, and triangular waveforms with specific frequency

and amplitude characteristics[1]

Figure 1:

2. Review of Existing Project


Previous waveform generator designs using op-amps typically combine a comparator (for
square waves) and an integrator (for triangular waves). The Wien Bridge Oscillator is a common
choice for generating low-distortion sine waves, though it requires amplitude stabilization.

Integrated circuits like XR2206 or digital methods using microcontrollers offer waveform
generation but are less educational and more complex compared to op-amp circuits.

Overall, op-amp-based designs are preferred for their simplicity, low cost, and effectiveness in
analog signal generation, especially in educational and lab environments. This project builds on
these well-established methods.[2]

3. Critical Analysis and Problem Statement


Waveform generators are vital tools in electronics, but existing solutions often face limitations
such as:
4
 Fixed or narrow frequency range

 High distortion in sine wave output

Op-amp-based designs offer a cost-effective and educational alternative but still require careful
component selection and stabilization for reliable operation, especially in sine wave generation

4. Objectives

 To design a waveform generator using operational amplifiers.

 To generate sine, square, and triangular waveforms.

 To achieve adjustable frequency and amplitude.

 To analyze the waveform characteristics using simulation tools.

5.Required Software/Hardware/Modern Tools

Required software Version

1.NI Multisim Version14.2

2.Microsoft Word 2021

6.Project Design and Development


The waveform generator is designed using operational amplifiers to produce three types of
waveforms: square, triangular, and sine waves. The design is divided into three main stages: a
comparator, an integrator, and a sine wave oscillator. Each stage plays a specific role in
generating and shaping the desired waveform.
5
7.Noble Features of this Project

 Multi-Waveform Generation

 Generates three essential waveforms—sine, square, and


triangular—using a single circuit setup.

 Adjustable Frequency

 Frequency can be easily tuned by varying resistor or


capacitor values, making it suitable for different testing
need

 Low Cost and Readily Available Components

 Uses commonly available components like op-amps,


resistors, and capacitors, ensuring affordability and
accessibility.

 Simulation and Practical Testing

 Can be easily simulated using tools like Proteus or LTspice


before real-world implementation, aiding in learning and
debugging.

8.Budget and Cost Management


You have to present a realistic budget for your research. One example is as below.
Si Particulars Estimated Budget
1 Resistor 15tk
2 Potentiometer 50tk
3 Capacitor 40tk
4 OP-amp 80tk
5 Breadboard 110tk
6 Battery 100tk
7 Connecting wires 20tk
Total 415tk

In Word: Four Hundred fifteen taka only


6
9.Conclusion
The project is successful in demonstrating how operational amplifiers can be utilized in
generating various waveforms. With the aid of simple op-amp circuits like integrators,
comparators, and Wien Bridge Oscillators, a functional waveform generator was created. The
circuit is highly appropriate for laboratory setups, lectures, and small-scale audio signal
generation..

10.References

[1] National Semiconductor, “Function Generator Using LM324,” Application Note, 2002.
[Online]. Available https://www.ti.com/lit/an/snoa702a/snoa702a.pdf

[2] Texas Instruments, “Application Report: Wien Bridge Oscillator,” [Online]. Available:
https://www.ti.com/lit/an/sloa060/sloa060.pdf

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