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Quiz: Molecular Geometry: VSEPR

1. A molecule with d2sp3 hybridization can have an octahedral shape with no lone pairs, a square pyramidal shape with one lone pair, or a square planar shape with two lone pairs on the central atom. 2. PH3 has a single unshared electron pair on its central phosphorus atom. 3. sp3 hybrid orbitals allow molecules to form tetrahedral or trigonal pyramidal shapes depending on the number of lone pairs.

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Manojkumar Rathod
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661 views5 pages

Quiz: Molecular Geometry: VSEPR

1. A molecule with d2sp3 hybridization can have an octahedral shape with no lone pairs, a square pyramidal shape with one lone pair, or a square planar shape with two lone pairs on the central atom. 2. PH3 has a single unshared electron pair on its central phosphorus atom. 3. sp3 hybrid orbitals allow molecules to form tetrahedral or trigonal pyramidal shapes depending on the number of lone pairs.

Uploaded by

Manojkumar Rathod
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quiz: Molecular Geometry: VSEPR

1. A molecule whose central atom has d2sp3 hybridization can have which of the following shapes? i. tetrahedral ii. square pyramidal iii. square planar a) I only b) III only c) I and II only d) II and III only e) I, II, and III 2. Which of the following molecules will have a lewis dot structure with exactly one unshared electron pair on the central atom. a) H2O b) PH3 c) PCl5 d) CH2Cl2 e) BeCl2 3. Which form of orbital hybridization can form molecules with shapes that are either trigonal pyramidal or tetrahedral? a) sp b) sp2 c) sp3 d) d2sp e) dsp3 4. Which of the following is NOT a linear structure? a) I2 b) I3c) CO2 d) H2S e) C2H2 5. How many resonance structures are possible for the SO3 molecule? a) none b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 4/3

Free-response
a) What name should be given to a molecule with the formula N2O5? What formula should be written for the compound named sulfur hexafluoride. Explain your answers briefly. b) Draw the Lewis structure for NCl3. Explain the geometric shape for this molecule based on the VSEPR theory. Explain what hybrid orbitals are needed to produce this structure. Why is the molecule NCl5 impossible? c) Use the results for part (b) to answer this question. Based on this structure, are the bonds in this molecule polar? If so, indicate the positive and negative poles in an appropriate manner. Explain your reasoning. d) Explain in the difference between sigma and pi bonds using the appropriate theories and examples.

Quiz Answers: Molecular Geometry: VSEPR

_________________________________________________________________________ _____________ 1. A molecule with d2sp3 hybridization has octahedral structure if the central atom has no unbonded electrons (SF6 for instance) If the central has on e unbonded electron pair, the molecule is square pyramidal (IF5) If the central atom has two unbonded electron pairs, the molecule is square planar XeF4 A molecule with d2sp3 hybridization can never be tetrahedral 2. The lewis dot structures for the answer choices are shown below. Only PH3 has a single unshared electron pair on its central atom 3. The sp3 hybrid orbitals take a tetrahedral shape if the central atom has no unshared electron pairs ch4 for instance. If the central atom has one unshared electron pair, the molecule taken the trigonal pyramid shape NH3 for instance 4. H2S has a bent shape

5. Resonance structures of the SO3 molecule include the following:

Free-Response Answers
a) The molecule N2O5 should be named dinitrogen pentoxide. The prefix di- is used to indicate two nitrogen atoms, and the prefix pentaindicates five oxgen atoms in the formula. Sulfurhexafluoride is SF6 because the prefix hexa- stands for the number 6. b) The structure of NCl3 is very similar to the PCl3 structure illustrated in Figure 5.6. Tmolecule is an AX3E shape, where three atoms and a nonbonding electron pair are on the central atom, N. The VSEPR theory states that these four will repel each other and form an arrangement where the atoms and electron pairs are as far apart as possible. This results in a tetrahedral shape. If the electrons are not seen, then the shape of the atoms alone is a triangular pyramid. To obtain the tetrahedral shape, a set of four sp3 hybrid must form. This results when the 2s (one orbital) and 2p (three orbitals) energy levels combine to form one energy level with four equivalent orbitals. The formation of NCl5 would require the formation of an sp3d2 hybrid. However, there are no available d-orbitals to use to make these hybrids, and therefore NCl5 is impossible c) The N-Cl bonds in this molecule are polar because a significant difference in electronegativity is expected between Cl and N. We should indicate that the polarity of the bond is The partial sign is used to symbolize a partial charge because a complete positive or complete negative charge is not formed (if so , they would be called ions) e) Sigma bonds form when there is a high electron density between two nuclei. The line between the two nuclei is called the internuclear axis.

The greater the density of electrons along the internuclear axis, the stronger the bond. Because the region in space is taken up with sigma bonding electrons, the pi bond froms with incread electron density on either side of the internuclear axis. Each pi bond has two electron clouds, one on either side of the internuclear axis. The nature of sigma and pi bonds can be explained on the basis of valence bond theory. Valence bond theory considers bonds forming from the overlap of orbitals. Direct overlap of two s-orbitals, an s-orbital and a p-orbital, or two p-orbitals along the internuclear axis results in a sigma bond. Sidewise overlap of two p-orbitals results in a pi bond.

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