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Module1 Current Transformers Intro

This module provides an overview of current transformers (CTs), detailing their function in electrical systems for measurement and protection, and their operating principle based on electromagnetic induction. It highlights the application of CTs in high-power transformers, particularly in monitoring currents for system protection. Additionally, it discusses the importance of proper CT selection and installation in power transformer manufacturing to avoid measurement errors and ensure system reliability.

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5 views2 pages

Module1 Current Transformers Intro

This module provides an overview of current transformers (CTs), detailing their function in electrical systems for measurement and protection, and their operating principle based on electromagnetic induction. It highlights the application of CTs in high-power transformers, particularly in monitoring currents for system protection. Additionally, it discusses the importance of proper CT selection and installation in power transformer manufacturing to avoid measurement errors and ensure system reliability.

Uploaded by

tadeo.delarosa.ca
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 1: Introduction to Current Transformers (CTs)

Objective

By the end of this module, the participant will understand what a current transformer (CT) is, how it works, its

general application in electrical systems, and its relevance in large power transformers.

1. What is a Current Transformer (CT)?

A current transformer (CT) is an electromagnetic device that reduces high currents in power systems to

lower, safer, and proportional levels for instrumentation, measurement, and protection purposes. It is

connected in series with the conductor and typically produces a secondary current of 5 A or 1 A.

2. General Function of CTs in Electrical Systems

CTs serve two main functions:

- Measurement: Provide accurate signals to energy meters, power analyzers, and SCADA systems.

- Protection: Feed protective relays that operate during fault conditions.

3. Operating Principle

CTs operate on Faradays Law of Electromagnetic Induction. An alternating current in the primary conductor

induces a magnetic flux in the CTs core, which then induces a proportional current in the secondary winding.

Example: A 1000:5 CT ratio means 800 A in the primary becomes 4 A in the secondary.

4. CT Application in 100 MVA Power Transformers

In high-power transformers, CTs are installed for current measurement in each phase and sometimes in the

neutral. In 100 MVA transformers, CTs monitor currents of several thousand amperes, which is critical for

system protection.

5. Toroidal-Type Current Transformers

Toroidal CTs are a variant without a split core or built-in primary bar. They are mounted around the bushing

or high-current bar, offering efficient and symmetrical installation. They are commonly used in factory-built
Module 1: Introduction to Current Transformers (CTs)

power transformers due to compact design, high precision, and easy integration.

6. Importance for Power Transformer Manufacturing

Incorrect CT selection or installation can jeopardize system protection and cause measurement errors.

Designers must understand CT class, saturation, polarity, and wiring. Proper coordination between the CT,

protection system, and transformer design is essential.

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