j'i<J•".

, I ;
)• ' l

• l11eD1em 1

- :~Two- nan_-~ o \/eci:o~- Q -~ b qt-e.___colli~ Tf Q~

.. on I~ L -thei,t ex,st s cq IQ1rs m _qt1d ri , aHeAst- _ _
. one t)r
_tbem is 3 non- 2ezro su.__ch__-t:bqt: rnil·n_b-0 1}_

- ---llrLQQfJ~
_ _ _ __.__
Sup.ea.Se a
._·. a._ -:_i:-_b __
Li _are _c_oJJ.ine_ocL:
where_ -t
__
_!

'1 2.._o _S~q·)oa,.

=--~. .
-t~D
- ---
- -- - -,
--- - - -- - - -- --
. . : o-t-b =D · _____ _ _ 1_ _ _ _- ,

-: o t (-i: ') b ·~ -0 -· - - -
:;;,-

.: ma+ ob =Q __ -

- - - - - - - - -where · rn=i
_&· n-= -t _ _ ---
I
_ __ [ Dill1 e15 s e. \~ :
Suppose ma+ n b :::: o
.-. m a e ::= ..... o b
' (Y) .
' • I

ciJhe l e t =:: -~n. · 'is a. -seq Icur•

. rt) .
- - - - - - - -- - - -.---------
a is Q sc:glgn mul±i p1e o~ 6
.-. a &.. h ote ~utifil r_.___ __ _ _

-
• Toe o.-em · 2-
- - - - - - -' - - - - -
,,
,.. , I - - -
-l I

__-4--E.±-~ i b ate l)on- collineqt '1 ecroJ:S. A ~c±o.r _t _ 't.£_ -

_ _ coplona]: w'rtb a ~ .b ,p- and oolut---i P_U)ett_ ~ist ~ ~-
_ __ unii~ s.co.Lca_L ;+-2..~-SJJ.Cli :±hqt r = tL Q :1--bJ~:__ _
----- - - - - -- -
- ----
. .
-- - - . - - -- - - --
- -- -

j
- ·- -- - _ 7
No _
_P,-"---:'19t"_
1
Oat<> j
 4- -- ~

! _ 1heori:n1 ~ ---., A~ g_ b a~ _coll'inear

-- . --- -----... .: £~ =_yb __
.,J£ o.. ~b I c are 1hLtL~o_n::loplgno.1__11e_do~_s -l:he_o~ __ 8S~ ~- are lol linta.L _ - ---
______ '{.ec.iP"ti,$_ 1'. co 'l 6~un·4Ue.l1_ex.ptC.SSed__9.~ lineo.r_ ----. : :_ _KE_= z ~ --- - - . -----
__ , c.oml::itoa1JQn _of' o. ,..b$ _c · -- --- _____
_ TuAPA!Ci ±- CP - - -~-(11·1 ~nqf la~ ~r vedo~ .addit~l
_ - ~ P -=V,,B -1- scJ.:1-_ep ... LJ'n tiAB.C... ±tia111le _lat.Q_o£
\len-l---1,
~
add,tioo' ___
:\
_
- -- - r --- ~ R
__ .-..AP=
_
AB tAfl. +is
r-= ~a::+ ~l>+z~
.·. __ ___
-
... (s;'lc-e,J3c-= ~~ ~ er_~
')
A.S..) _
__
_ -i-·~-+- - - " " ?r _ ,· - -
'- - - - -~ - I .·. An~_yedn t_I._ _'1.n_-fui..s_sp~ce_ C~()_b~~ p~Sed ....9$
A,.µ==--- +--+---- -:&--- - ~ ____,_, _ _ _ _llnecr1r co rn bi 0q:boo Gt' o., b, c . __ _

/ ~ - JlniCf_Y.eneBS...: _ _ _ _ _ -- -- -
_ __ . ___ 1 -~ / - - - - --J-.J_ _ _

__/,~ -----'-- - - ----iH-- - ~--=- ~ ~ e r = 1J. a: +yb ~c . -6::J-

--__-
+/ - o__
··
1
L~
JL- _
c -
_
SC> - == 'A'. tlL + y;t +2.,c
, ~b±@cli>J9 eq,2.._Q L ~ (,J-d--- _- - - - - -
... Crr)

___ -- e~ ocl :_ Le.-r. tL be,_ Qo~ p.illO.±-lJ'.l -f+, P Seice· 0 = (,z - IX,) a f (i-=-lf..J-B....±b---z 1.L.-'
)c~-- - - - - - -

___ · ,1 eda 21::. s __if ::E, c ~ 'if So wt:~

_-Ca,.k__:l:he -: ')'._-~, - D , ~ - ~ , ::::o , :z - :zi =O
_ __ .. _ iL_h£cornes-1n.i.±iQL p.o'1ot ·as sh ot.00 ·, n Aqu te ~ ,;;l. =-c:t., _ , y = ~ ,- , _-z_=_2~ -- - - --

---·- W:_AE =~ · I ffil...._-f'o llo\l)S. · _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _

__ A.s o.. ., b , c. ore non-D2 fillo~,~ ~- - ~ ----,-- ~--'--- =---- -- _____ . -. _ _ - - - - -

____they .de.t€21 rr-,1n/L..3_dl..Q.-h□..c.t_pl . ~s ct - .......li-..LJ-1.""-=''---'-'-'"-----'-' r -t2llif2L ~ ~ + I
- 2
_ )
-f-_ _ - - - --
- ___ Qt_p_9lnt _A_. _ _ I_-+- ----- - - - ___ ___
_ _ 1h"O".o u~_ po·11)t P_J_Jhaw-=-m.e_ plane. pa'b"a\lel ±D [ . Ls.±.ance £torn 'f...~ pl.QO.e.....= l?--1 ____ ____
- - -- .pl.q!:l.e. J1rrn... b~ VPCtOES h ,&- C r. 2- \s:t:Mce horn '/2. plA a:. ::..L~/.' - --
. . - 1hi.s... plc1rie.S_jf]filS..etl..J.in1... coo±ciL1J109 a at
B:.. __ __ - _ _
r ~ ~.tUtrun_~~ [Qnec I~ [ ...:.
_r ___ ___ __·___ _ _
---
_ _ _
-
- __ ..p..oi()t
Sim,Lay/~T" __ _____ ___-, ~'...y:,s+ g0 u -tro!Yl_.'K. .:::..o. ..'l<:·•s -1~'l+2.2. _ _
. nr..aw ih e clb.el!:.-f-illDM QQ.cLc.o.o-, pJ.t±e......±ht, ___r- 5~ I~t C\ f) Ce. fr Ort] 't .:....Q_ Kis. =-; ,J~•
''l'.o. t 2 2. -

_ par~ /)e./o pip-t.s - . . . __ - - _ ~ .

6"' :...l) is r a'l_ce n orn 2-Q)(i.5,:::: t.f:.
ND_4;..._, -- -- ---- -- --- - ------
. AB_ ~ a Q.tt -e..o ll111flQ<r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
·. _Ag ~ 1. a. ___ -
 I, ,

,rr1·,1}n f(•nnu '1. (I .,,~·•rr, ,' 1/v;;· ' J

·1 orutun 1•

Let Ala) ~ B(b) be oriy -tt-Oo ()Jini.s ·1 ri ~ ,e_ sp~ce l

. R(.fJ be Q point or, li'7e se~ rneni AB _ §rnd,~9 ,~
. e'(-\:t~o_q\\~ ·, " tlre a-q·bo rn :n then r -== t-nb - ri 0
---.. I ,n-ry
,.,., IJ.
" ~ 78
A > ---.;

I ----..:
ir ""-
-- - I

\
~\- .
\
\
I
I
,
I
J
b

--- -
". I'--

\
' ; 1,
I I
I
I
,r, -
r

i \ I
I
I

ltt "'f/
a
As R ~ -tl-e ~\ni on line. s~n-tnt A
\! I

AP- g,.. ~ a t-e.. in same· di ttcl'lOr) . 0 j

_._ M -==- ...m. ~ Pt ()of ·. As _R ·,s -the poiri 1:: on I·,fle. segment AB
RB n ~ A~ ~ Re, ·,f) _a_~os·,±e diieclibn.
n AR -= RB
.·. 11 AR -=
tr)

rYl RB .. -(hQ\/e. So.~ dir-B2tion.

.'.
- -_.; -\"()
I AIZ.
RB · ·· '1
rnQ\ l)·rtude.) ri AR= rnf<8
• n(c;R-cifi ) -:=: rnC9B -OR ) .: nAR-= -(Y)RB , .. lhQ\Jjf")q cii Weteoc aitediOfl
· ·. ri ( 'fl' - a) = rri (b- T) g_ til~ni~de)
.·. rir - n a = b - rr.a-
FT) .-. 11(.bR-07i) ::- -ro(oo -oAJ
.: n r-+-- rT)r = n-jb + _Q-0. nlr;-o ) = - t'l) Q;- - Y)
.. r f rn +-11 ) : l'l)b + rici ... 1U - r,ci ~ - f"Y)b + rn1f
·. 'f = ~ inb +n ~ · . n7 - n, ll\' == - n,b t ria.
n--i+n r (n - n-, ) =-
01b -t n~
r ::= - rnb + nci
n - lY)
r -: - ( rY1b - (')a)
- (.rn - n)
r = l"'l)b - nQ
m - r,
 r;;;,::;;; ----,
{ 0.1 ,c / 1 ( [ ',1t,o

-
' _j,_., I

- -
-=

_____Pr ooP:

_j

I-
I

-- - -rAppGs_a~~~o- ~-!) Cros_s _.po_Q cl.t.1- c_~ - _,

- - - ~ [Froro (i) ll,,u..L-U---t-- ~-:;:-
- &...
=----"0=--e E" Qte. a.djct_ce'lt s rd e.s or -p9'1r<\l!e.10Jjr<lm _~hen.
Are2-,_ oLp~gJ_le. ~91.ro rn ::::: I a )( J;- L __
 • •r ' /3 I

~pp1ica lion 01 \Jrctars -to Gieomrl1f - ·_._

...ftoJntr.)~-- -- - - - - - - -
R
P& _i_s_ a, scglqzr 11ltt1l:iple a£ S
- --- ------ <·\ P§l l I S'RI ~(~.)--
 r•. ~. .,,_
( ~- 0. I I
I

__ __
SI: ___.__ - --
- (b -a::) +Cc: -a>
-l
I
= ~
2..

~
+De
 ,-.,,-
I? 17

2..d="14c
---- -
-------

. __ __ Si11_~__Bl\/__'.i_S _ Scq\_Ao mul±iple oP _Alt _ 2ci"+1a =O:-ttitc ., (:r:) __ - - -

- - - - ~ N __ ll__ __M__ _ __ - - - - - - 2-tl g
I ---
i·e. 1'1N 1J AB _ __ _____ I No~.
8L1+ AB II nc E 1s n:,idpoinl: a£ s,de. Ac
. ·,._ f~lliLl!__A_8, .u..
11 -==
D-=C_._ :. 9'L m1dpni o ~1=,, _ _ _ _ _ __ _
- - - ·', Y) ediQD_o£ -V-Q.p ~ 'LS pq rq.//.el _i:o_p.ttQ/ leLSid"'--J-- - ,'- -----'e_"=--'::,,--'it~+a,_t::,___ __ _ _ - - -- - -
1
N19 <.D_, MN == AB +oc _ _ _ 2

1-+ I 3
'

i ~rf'I r-r--:; l1t.U-l.'(m.,,_,_,_

) - - -- - - -
\ 2.dt l ci ='Le + lb ='1Pt\~ . - a-r5 t"2
I ,z_f\ 12.t1 2+1 3-
 I
P;l<Jt N, . __ ,
~ h I
I

I -

j
 11

6 . . Pro'le. -that-, Altitud.es oP t!jan le are conc.unenf:--

~
 - - ,r
,, . •,. I t
lI. h ' j ' l I'
5 i nii IQ·d~.
OE' .J.... Ac .,
DI· At == _o
_··. e: · le - o: 2_~_D
.: C +a .(c-'a) :=- 0

-'- (c: +aJ-(i -o.):::1f

- -- . :_ [ c~ ==-Q7:J ~-- (JJ-)
- - - -· -
. : F'rol'Y) (:r:J ~ (11)_
aL,::: 6 1
-
.·. a:2..- 61.. =-D
· ·. (a. +b) . (a -1') =-D '
, Ci+~ -(5:-b) -=D a...
2..
~ - -· · : M1l ~~cgjg_rr_m~l~p! ~P BG
p. CQ -b):=-D .:..'.- llli_ 11 Be ,-
OF:' · SA _=0_ .:..':_[.f:1NJ ~ J_ [ B_c I_- -
__. ·. :f )r ~ BA_ ~ _ 2..

. .'. A\l-\:be. pe.r~ndic~lq~ bisecitl_rS 00, OE ?i-OP

.. pQS.Se.S. ±bir_®qb pol f'Jt-_ 0 - _ •
-L--_q· :. Pzrove_ that- : ~~ks.@
i&decL1n_ ~ seQJ_'f_irJe, is
81:.nce, -1= b1secHir rt -ttiq09 le, qre, ConGurtenh _ .a. r-, le- !
f· Pr°"e -that_: SE?~rn.er,r 3o•,-;; -n.q- ml.dpoiahs ;p an4 • _,I

-two ·sides of hjan9le J .s -PQi-q[le! to 111ird s;de

2>--1s ho\P of' i±· , •·
A
I
I A r 6
I - I •

In 6...Bfil'_,
M ·,s rrifdpoint of .Sidg, AB 9).. N
oP sid£ .Ac;. .
,s~1dpoi()t
LH 0: ,b., C , d Im ,n be -the position vedo~-_,__
 ,· r I
=-(a - c). (-a -c)
= la. -c ). -l Ca +cJ _.
:::: -I f(o.-cJ (a:+c]
= - 1 11a1~ - let·]
::::: \ell. - \al~
'::::. y--1.._ rL
.. . : CA_.:_ CQ _ - _D
_ _ _ · ·. CA ...L CG,
- _ .·. _LC :::-qoo
~ -- - Henc.e, ot1qle subler).d~ ori o. seni,c.\i-cle ;s a.
r19..ht QI)~ Ie. ·
bxc
A
ID· _Pro\Je_·ttt~ ,Jbe _\Jol~~e. oP ~~lli lopiped t.urti)
·- c.o-~~ ,r,ql ed es [§_[:_a: "E c

_____11_LeJ- QA == n , OS= ll , 5c =c c.o -teiirr,itii>I edqeB

ll c
o+' -le-h-sJ:cir.o.Q. ,_ _ ·
C
' et- AP be :tbeb..e~nLDP tthahedron-
.. LE± 0-8 = o. , QI?. ='b , oc - c c.o-te1rmi'1Q\ e.d~es - - \J o\urn.e _OL...._ L.x_&euP pQ.se x heiqht- . (r)
- _ _ .Qi:' ~~llelopl~d- --',-- - _ _ _ tttrahed.@ - G ' oP t.>,OSC _ AP
- Le,t AP _t,e. me. her qht- oP pqral\e lopipe.d _ _ Now)- . · . - ~ . - - ·
~olul'le. oP __, ~ A,rea _a~ bqse. '- '/-. ~ HfJqht ··( Ar-eu. of ti o~c :==. f l~~c_ l. · . . . .. {n:.J
_ pq_rq \le\oplpe.d. oP pQrq \lelo9rqn, · _ P£ · ·. -
1

· OBDC. . , 'Bl.It, helqb±.J\P:::::_scql<r3 p"ll'oje.ctiari oP a on 1iic

NO <&, . . - - - - - .'. AP= ~ -lb )(-C) - .. . ('III)
Area o{:' \l qrn OBDtC = \ll ·;i(c I ... .. (:rr) I b-k clJ ·
BL\t, · __ _ _ · · . ·. :'f'rorn Cr) ,('It) ~ (1If) · ·
°-i : : _
.heiqht-_AP --: ·s coJq_~ . pcroieclion oPu on 'txc \IO\ e ...J.. 'f. Ai-ea. oP bQSe ~ height
r. .J urn 3 oP 608C
__ .·. AP = a. .1.,,l>·JC c.) ··· QJI:)_ AP
,= ..L x ..L1=-b x -c. \. x.
-te.ttq_Jie.~ron - /·bi cJ
lb r- c l · -=-
a --"'
•1.. _ . ,c. .
· .g a- I t"-,c.c /
~
 DA 'I< OB = S1'>(91-t~) k .. (:n)
=__La: .(_b'l<c) Fron, b::) ~(J:e-)
6
= ~6' [a. b cJ s, f)@,<-t ~) 'R =(SiT\ Cl/ cos~ + cos ol..s,11 ~ )k
.·.~ sir(~-+~)= s·111Cl(Cosf!,+cosoi s;11 ~ \
$12 . Pb""2ve -that- : si0(C>(-H,) = Sif1D(cos~ + case( s·1t1S
'I

0 To-\..Q\ Theorem ~ t<l- \q

l2 co \ii_r-en_r + 9 Co p\a (tr, t 2- s:=ic+1oo \oT"'l~IQ
"t..1 d·1ttci.i on co..sirie.S -\ \ 2- o.p71\cq b on 01
'l e.c.~T§ -to ~e.Ol"l\eh~) = ~IC\ __

@ S ca\~r h och c.t- ~ -u,e·1, pr or,e..ilir-s

® 'hc:i:00 Pr och d §.. -\heir ?'ro~erties
_ L '/.. DI\ -==::_ _::-3_ _ ~ ScC\ \oo 1 , i pie Prndu_tl: £; W.i1r rroperbesi .
·. A (co~) , s·,n(:-~)) ... [P6-cos0, v-sine)] _
A (foso( , - s·1 r,ci_) ® j Q_D,~ fDy-n-,4\0~ -
_ L XDB =}3 _
,~ B (_cosf , s·11:f) . -,._
. ·. DA ==: c_o~ _Sin~ + Ot<:
OB = COSf L.±S'1t1fJ t 01
No tC>
OA ../_ Q£
, · ·
= \I ]
· ·· .

ens~ -S'1no\ 0
1
I'

__ c~ Si')~ D
J
:::: J (o)- (o ) +'R(fos~sir,~-t si no{cos~_)
=(Si0 ~cosp t-_COSO/S'1n f) 'R ·{ :t:)
.. N_Oil) ,- - -
+
LAoe, .:=-(_c,z+~) ,
oA , ')( OE, = \ M l loo! s'rrJ(Q-',,,. ~)'"K
= I i-- I .,_ S'iri(0(;-~) 1